A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing the efficacy of polyethylene glycol versus polyethylene glycol combined with topical diltiazem for treating anal fissure in children.

Background: Anal fissure (AF) in children is usually treated with laxatives and/or topical agents such as calcium channel blockers. We hypothesize that owing to the superior efficacy of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in treating constipation in children, adding diltiazem (DTZ) might not improve healing of AF.

Methods: Children ≤14 years with anal fissure presented to the pediatric surgery clinic between November 2014 and March 2016 were recruited.

The Predictors for Positive Yield Abdominal Computed Tomography in Pediatric Abdominal Trauma.

Objectives: Abdominal computed tomography (ACT) use in the initial evaluation of pediatric abdominal trauma is liberal in most instances. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors for a positive yield ACT scan in this population.

Methods: A prospective, cohort, single-center observational study was conducted at Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, from January 2008 to June 2015 on 240 pediatric abdominal trauma patients who had abdominal computed tomography.

Variation in access to pediatric surgical care among coexisting public and private providers: inguinal hernia as a model.

Background: Faced with growing healthcare demand, the Saudi government is increasingly relying on privatization as a tool to improve patient access to care. Variation in children's access to surgical care between public (PB) and private providers (PV) has not been previously analyzed.

Objectives: To compare access to pediatric surgical services between two coexisting PB and PV.

Ambu AuraOnce versus i-gel laryngeal mask airway in infants and children undergoing surgical procedures. A randomized controlled trial.

To compare the efficacy and performance of the pediatric Ambu AuraOnce (Ambu AO) mask (Ambu, Copenhagen, Denmark) and i-gel mask (Intersurgical Ltd., Wokingham, United Kingdom). Methods: From May 2015 to September 2016, 112 patients, 0-14 years old, underwent elective surgery at a tertiary university hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia).

Spatial relationship of i-gel® and Ambu® AuraOnceTM on pediatric airway: a randomized comparison based on three dimensional magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Gross morphological differences exist among different brands of pediatric supraglottic devices (SGDs). The aim of this study is to compare the spatial relationship of i-gel® and Ambu® AuraOnce (AO)TM on pediatric airway based on three dimensional (3-D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements.

Methods: Sixty patients up to 12 years of age were enrolled and assigned in two groups, i-gel® or Ambu® AOTM.

Laparoscopy-assisted orchiopexy versus laparoscopic two-stage fowler stephens orchiopexy for nonpalpable testes: Comparative study.

Background/purpose: To assess the outcome of the primary laparoscopy-assisted orchiopexy (LAO) and the laparoscopic two-stage Fowler Stephens orchiopexy (FSO) for managing patients with nonpalpable testis in terms of safety, feasibility and efficacy.

Materials And Methods: This study included 94 patients (110 nonpalpable testes) who underwent laparoscopy at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh between July 1998 and June 2012. Patients were evaluated postoperatively to check the location and size of testes and to exclude any other complications.

Percutaneous obliteration of patent processus vaginalis: a rat model for future inguinal hernia repair in children.

Purpose: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common procedures performed by pediatric surgeons. A percutaneous technique could be the next advance in inguinal hernia repair in children. We used a rat model to study the utility of percutaneous inguinal hernia repair (PHR) using 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate (OCT).

Can the duration of vomiting predict postoperative outcomes in hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

Background And Objectives: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a common cause of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) in infants. Prolonged GOO is believed to result in acid and electrolyte disturbances, gastric atony, and delayed postoperative recovery. We studied the impact of prolonged vomiting as an indicator of GOO symptoms on the post-operative outcomes in HPS.

Laparoscopic versus open inguinal herniotomy in infants and children: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To undertake a meta-analysis of comparative data of laparoscopic versus open inguinal herniotomy in infants and children.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Registry for relevant randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing laparoscopic with open inguinal hernia repair in children aged less than 19 years.

Results: Data on 2,699 children were identified from 10 comparative studies.

Unilateral breast mass in an infant: a rare presentation of spontaneously regressing myofibromatosis.

Breast tumors are very rare in infants. We describe a 4-month-old female infant who presented with a firm and painless right breast mass. It was first noticed at the age of 1 month and then gradually increased in size.

Ingested magnets and gastrointestinal complications.

Multiple magnet ingestion is an unexpected health hazard in children that can lead to significant gastrointestinal morbidity. The magnets are attracted to each other across the bowel wall and this may lead to pressure necrosis, resulting in perforation, fistula formation, and/or intestinal obstruction. We report herein a case of small bowel obstruction following ingestion of two magnets.