Low Plasma Levels of Contactin-Associated Protein-Like 2 in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Links to Neural Development.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition of atypical neurodevelopment and is characterized by social communication problems and repetitive patterns of behavior. Early diagnosis and intervention are decisive for managing symptoms and improving outcomes. Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) protein is implicated in neural development and plays a role in brain connectivity and synapse formation.

Corrigendum: Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: a comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Exhibit Elevated Physical Activity and Reduced Sedentary Behavior.

According to previous research, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have lower levels of physical activity than their typically developed (TD) counterparts. There have been conflicting reports about physical activity (PA) levels in people with ASD. Given the conflicting evidence, further investigation is required.

Role of autoimmunity in Neuronal damage in children with Autism spectrum disorder.

"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in three core behavioral: social deficits, impaired communication, and repetitive behaviors." There is developing indication and emerging data that irregular autoimmune responses to the central nervous system may play a pathogenic role in patients with autism spectrum disorder." The aim of this review was to discuss the updated research carried out at Autism research and treatment center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia particularly on the role of autoimmunity in Autism spectrum disorder.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Protein 8 (ADAM 8) in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Links to Neuroinflammation.

Background: Converging lines of evidence confirmed neuroinflammation's role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) etiological pathway. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 8 (ADAM8) play major roles in inflammatory and allergic processes in various diseases.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate ADAM8 plasma levels in autistic children compared to healthy controls.

Lifestyle habits and obesity indices among male adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Obesity among adolescents is a global health apprehension which requires early prevention. The aim of this study was to determine the association between lifestyle habits including physical activity, sedentary behaviors and eating habits with obesity indices of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) among male adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We randomly selected 471 secondary school male adolescents aged 14-18 years.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: A comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references.

Objective: To compare three body mass index (BMI) classifications that are used to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi children aged 6-13 years: the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age and gender cutoffs, the World Health Organization (WHO) growth references for school-aged children, and the Saudi (KSA) national growth references.

Methods: The sample comprised 2,169 children (52.5% girls) derived from two cross-sectional studies conducted in Riyadh and Jeddah during the 2017 and 2019 school years, respectively.

Assessment of a combination of plasma anti-histone autoantibodies and PLA2/PE ratio as potential biomarkers to clinically predict autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficiencies in social interaction and repetitive behaviors. Multiple studies have reported abnormal cell membrane composition and autoimmunity as known mechanisms associated with the etiopathogenesis of ASD. In this study, multiple regression and combined receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve as statistic tools were done to clarify the relationship between phospholipase A2 and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) ratio (PLA2/PE) as marker of lipid metabolism and membrane fluidity, and antihistone-autoantibodies as marker of autoimmunity in the etiopathology of ASD.

Impact of supervised exercise training on systemic sclerosis with multiple organ involvement: A case report.

Supervised training exercises are the mainstay of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients with chronic lung diseases like interstitial lung disease (ILD). A 40 years old female patient with systemic sclerosis clinically presenting with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and pulmonary hypertension underwent an eight-week supervised exercise training programme. Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) showed improvement from 48.

The possible link between Fetuin-A Protein and Neuro-inflammation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objectives: To investigate the blood plasma levels of Fetuin-A protein in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and healthy controls that could offer novel diagnostic biomarkers of disease development in ASD. Another objective was to investigate the severity of autistic children by Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Short Sensory Profile (SSP).

Methods: This case control study was carried out at Autism Research and Treatment (ART) Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2019 to February 2020.

Impact of supervised exercise training on pulmonary function parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin Biomarker in Interstitial lung disease patients.

Objectives: To assess the impact of supervised exercise training (SET) on pulmonary function Parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin biomarker in Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) patients.

Methods: Ten (10)patients with ILD and 18 healthy controls of age between 30-40+ years were selected for 8-week SET program. Before and after SET all subjects performed exercise capacity six minutes' walk test (6MWT), heart rate (HR) changes were recorded, shortness of Breath Respiratory Questionnaire (SOBQ) was obtained and Irisin levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Breakfast consumption among Saudi primary-school children relative to sex and socio-demographic factors.

Background: Breakfast is an important meal that provides essential nutrients and energy. However, few comprehensive studies have reported breakfast habits and related behaviors among Saudi children. This study investigated breakfast consumption patterns and the associations of socio-demographic variables with daily breakfast intake among Saudi children.

A Novel assessment tool monitoring the level of patient anxiety during third molar surgery procedure.

Unlabelled: The authors hypothesized that an audio-visual presentation providing information regarding the removal of an impacted mandibular third molar would reduce patient anxiety.

Aim& Objectives: A clinical trial was performed to assess the level of patient anxiety during third molar surgery by using a new induction program and comparing the results amongst two groups that were the verbally informed and the audio-visual informed groups.

Materials And Methods: the clinical trial included the patients who required surgical removal of an impacted third molar and fulfilled the predetermined criteria.

Insufficient Sleep Duration And Its Association With Breakfast Intake, Overweight/Obesity, Socio-Demographics And Selected Lifestyle Behaviors Among Saudi School Children.

Objective: Adequate sleep is an important factor for maintaining good health among children. However, there have been few studies reporting on the association of sleep duration with breakfast intake frequency. This study examined the prevalence of nocturnal sleep duration among Saudi children and its association with breakfast intake, screen time, physical activity levels and socio-demographic variables.

Impact of Auditory Integrative Training on Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Its Effect on Behavioral and Social Emotions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objective: To explore the impact of auditory integrative training (AIT) on the inflammatory biomarker transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and to assess its effect on social behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Subjects And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 15 patients (14 males and 1 female) with ASD aged 3-12 years were recruited. All were screened for autism using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).

Heart Rate Beat-to-Beat Slope Change during Six-Minute Walk Test: a Useful Clinical Tool for Estimating Fitness level.

Background: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is one of the most common exercise tests and is used to estimate the level of physical fitness. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the beat-to-beat heart rate 6MWT slope (6MWTS) and recovery slope for predicting and estimating the level of physical fitness during 6MWT, instead of depending on the distance covered during the test.

Methods: Seventy healthy adult male subjects aged 18 to 27 years were recruited randomly from the general Saudi population in Riyadh.

Cluster of Differentiation 5 (CD5) Levels in the Plasma of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Objective: To investigate the cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5) plasma levels and their association with childhood autism rating scale (CARS) in subjects with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to age and gender matched healthy controls, and to explore the link between CD5, severity, and autoimmunity in autism.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Autism Research and Treatment Center, Al-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2014 to May 2015.

Association of Learning and Memory Calcineurin Binding Protein with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To determine the association of learning and memory calcineurin binding (CABIN1) protein with autism spectrum disorders.

Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The Autism Research and Treatment Center, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2013 to May 2014.

Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein Dysfunction May Contribute to Memory Disorder and Earlier Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To explore a possible role for activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated (Arc/Arg3.1) protein in the clinical identification of children with autism.

Subjects And Methods: The plasma levels of Arc/Arg3.