Recurrent Tumefactive Central Nervous System Lesions Due to BRIP1 -Related Fanconi Anemia.

Introduction: Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited condition associated with genetic mutations that affect DNA repair proteins. More than 20 genes involved in the FA/BRCA pathway have been implicated in FA, including BRIP1 . Tumefactive brain lesions are rare in FA.

Expert consensus from the Arabian Gulf on selecting disease-modifying treatment for people with multiple sclerosis according to disease activity.

Recent research has expanded our understanding of the natural history and clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Arabian Gulf region. In addition, the number of available therapies for MS has increased greatly in recent years, which complicates considerably the design of therapeutic regimens. We, an expert group of physicians practising in Arabian Gulf countries, present pragmatic consensus recommendations for the use of disease-modifying therapy, according to the level of MS disease activity, according to objective criteria, and prior treatment (if any) received by a given patient.

Neurological Autoantibody Prevalence in Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology.

Importance: Autoimmune epilepsy is an underrecognized condition, and its true incidence is unknown. Identifying patients with an underlying autoimmune origin is critical because these patients' condition may remain refractory to conventional antiseizure medications but may respond to immunotherapy.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of neurological autoantibodies (Abs) among adult patients with epilepsy of unknown etiology.

Drug-induced EEG pattern predicts effectiveness of ketamine in treating refractory status epilepticus.

Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) can lack overt clinical manifestation and is usually treated with continuous infusion of intravenous anesthetic drugs (IVADs), where the use of continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) is imperative. Ketamine has recently been shown to be effective in the treatment of RSE. We retrospectively review a cohort of 11 patients receiving ketamine as part of their treatment regimen for RSE.