Comparison of the hypoglycemic and antithrombotic (anticoagulant) actions of whole bovine and camel milk in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats.

People with diabetes are at higher risk of fatal thromboembolic accidents in the cerebral and coronary circulations, especially stroke and ischemic heart disease. We have previously described the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anticoagulant activity of orally administered camel milk in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In the present study in the same animal model, we extended these observations by comparing camel milk and the more available and widely consumed bovine milk with respect to their antidiabetic and antithrombotic actions.

Synergistic Killing of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Using Camel Lactoferrin from Different Saudi Camel Clans and Various Antibiotics.

Current study aimed to analyze the synergistic killing of pathogenic Escherichia coli using camel lactoferrin from different Saudi camel clans and various antibiotics. Methods: using multiple microbiological and protein analysis techniques, the results were shown that the purified camel lactoferrins (cLfs) from different Saudi camel have strong antimicrobial potentials against two strains of E. coli.

Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal Activities of Camel Lactoferrins Against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi.

Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in various secretions (e.g., milk, tears, saliva, pancreatic juice), which performs multiple functions, with one of them being the antimicrobial defense.

Immunogenicity comparison of lactoferrin purified from Saudi Arabia camel clans milk.

Secretory lactoferrins play a crucial rolls at mucosal surfaces as not only antimicrobial molecules in primate as well as human, but as physiological protein. Its multiple functions extended to be one of immunogen could elicited autoimmune disorders. Purified camel lactoferrin (cLfs) from different Saudi camel clans were shown to be a potent immunogen when injected into rabbit.

Costunolide suppresses an inflammatory angiogenic response in a subcutaneous murine sponge model.

Costunolide is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, but its role in tumor angiogenesis, the key step involved in tumor growth and metastasis, and the involved molecular mechanism is still unknown. We aimed to investigate the effects of costunolide on key components of inflammatory angiogenesis in the murine cannulated sponge implant angiogenesis model. Polyester-polyurethane sponges, used as a framework for fibrovascular tissue growth, were implanted in Swiss albino mice and costunolide (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 days through installed cannula.

Molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of gefitinib in vivo and in vitro rat cardiomyocyte: Role of apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Gefitinib (GEF) is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-cancer properties, yet few cases of cardiotoxicity has been reported as a significant side effect associated with GEF treatment. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the potential cardiotoxic effect of GEF and the possible mechanisms involved using in vivo and in vitro rat cardiomyocyte model. Treatment of rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cell line with GEF (0, 1, 5, and 10μM) caused cardiomyocyte death and upregulation of hypertrophic gene markers, such as brain natriuretic peptides (BNP) and Beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) in a concentration-dependent manner at the mRNA and protein levels associated with an increase in the percentage of hypertrophied cardiac cells.

Metformin inhibits 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced breast carcinogenesis and adduct formation in human breast cells by inhibiting the cytochrome P4501A1/aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway.

Unlabelled: Recent studies have established that metformin (MET), an oral anti-diabetic drug, possesses antioxidant activity and is effective against different types of cancer in several carcinogen-induced animal models and cell lines. However, whether MET can protect against breast cancer has not been reported before. Therefore, the overall objectives of the present study are to elucidate the potential chemopreventive effect of MET in non-cancerous human breast MCF10A cells and explore the underlying mechanism involved, specifically the role of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1)/aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway.

Camel milk attenuates the biochemical and morphological features of diabetic nephropathy: inhibition of Smad1 and collagen type IV synthesis.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that worsens its morbidity and mortality. There is evidence that camel milk (CM) improves the glycemic control in DM but its effect on the renal complications especially the DN remains unclear. Thus the current study aimed to characterize the effects of CM treatment on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN.

Camel milk inhibits inflammatory angiogenesis via downregulation of proangiogenic and proinflammatory cytokines in mice.

Camel milk has traditionally been used to treat cancer, but this practice awaits scientific scrutiny, in particular its role in tumor angiogenesis, the key step involved in tumor growth and metastasis. We aimed to investigate the effects of camel milk on key components of inflammatory angiogenesis in sponge implant angiogenesis model. Polyester-polyurethane sponges, used as a framework for fibrovascular tissue growth, were implanted in Swiss albino mice and camel milk (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 days through installed cannula.

α-santalol inhibits the angiogenesis and growth of human prostate tumor growth by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated AKT/mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway.

Background: VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitors, as efficient antiangiogenesis agents, have been applied in the cancer treatment. However, recently, most of these anticancer drugs have some adverse effects. Discovery of novel VEGFR2 inhibitors as anticancer drug candidates is still needed.

Anticarcinogenic effect of brucine in diethylnitrosamine initiated and phenobarbital-promoted hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.

We evaluated the effects of brucine on N-nitrosodiethylamine (DENA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis was done by intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) followed by promotion with phenobarbital. The rats were exposed to dietary brucine for 4 weeks prior to initiation, and the treatment was continued for 22 consecutive weeks.

Punarnavine, an alkaloid from Boerhaavia diffusa exhibits anti-angiogenic activity via downregulation of VEGF in vitro and in vivo.

Punarnavine, a quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from Boerhaavia diffusa is known to possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hepato-protective, immunomodulatory and anti-proliferative properties. However, its roles in tumor angiogenesis and the involved molecular mechanism are still unknown. Therefore, we examined its anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.

Ursolic acid inhibits tumor angiogenesis and induces apoptosis through mitochondrial-dependent pathway in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma tumor.

Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene naturally occurring in many plant foods. In the present study, we investigated anti-cancer activity of UA in vivo in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) tumor. 15 × 10(6) EAC cells were implanted intraperitoneally (i.

Tylophorine, a phenanthraindolizidine alkaloid isolated from Tylophora indica exerts antiangiogenic and antitumor activity by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated angiogenesis.

Background: Anti-angiogenesis targeting VEGFR2 has been considered as an important strategy for cancer therapy. Tylophorine is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity, but its roles in tumor angiogenesis, the key step involved in tumor growth and metastasis, and the involved molecular mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, we examined its anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.

Survey of the camel urinary proteome by shotgun proteomics using a multiple database search strategy.

We report the first survey of the dromedary camel urinary proteome. Proteins retained from ultrafiltration of urine were analysed by GeLC-MS/MS (SDS-PAGE followed by LC-MS/MS). In the absence of a complete camel genome sequence, the number of protein identifications was maximised by searching three primary sequence databases: Swiss-Prot, alpaca and camel EST.

Camel milk triggers apoptotic signaling pathways in human hepatoma HepG2 and breast cancer MCF7 cell lines through transcriptional mechanism.

Few published studies have reported the use of crude camel milk in the treatment of stomach infections, tuberculosis and cancer. Yet, little research was conducted on the effect of camel milk on the apoptosis and oxidative stress associated with human cancer. The present study investigated the effect and the underlying mechanisms of camel milk on the proliferation of human cancer cells using an in vitro model of human hepatoma (HepG2) and human breast (MCF7) cancer cells.

Camel milk modulates the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-regulated genes, Cyp1a1, Nqo1, and Gsta1, in murine hepatoma Hepa 1c1c7 cells.

There is a traditional belief in the Middle East that camel milk may aid in prevention and treatment of numerous cases of cancer yet, the exact mechanism was not investigated. Therefore, we examined the ability of camel milk to modulate the expression of a well-known cancer-activating gene, Cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1), and cancer-protective genes, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1) and glutathione S-transferase a1 (Gsta1), in murine hepatoma Hepa 1c1c7 cell line. Our results showed that camel milk significantly inhibited the induction of Cyp1a1 gene expression by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most potent Cyp1a1 inducer and known carcinogenic chemical, at mRNA, protein, and activity levels in a concentration-dependent manner.

Metformin attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats through modulation of oxidative stress genes expression.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or action. One of the most important complications of this metabolic disease is diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia promotes oxidative stress and hence generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

Camel urine inhibits the cytochrome P450 1a1 gene expression through an AhR-dependent mechanism in Hepa 1c1c7 cell line.

Aim Of The Study: Drinking camel urine has been used traditionally to treat numerous cases of cancer yet, the exact mechanism was not investigated. Therefore, we examined the ability of three different camel urines (virgin, lactating, and pregnant source) to modulate a well-known cancer-activating enzyme, the cytochrome P450 1a1 (Cyp1a1) in murine hepatoma Hepa 1c1c7 cell line.

Materials And Methods: The effect of different camel urines, compared to bovine urines, on Cyp1a1 mRNA was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Gastroprotective effect of an aqueous suspension of black cumin Nigella sativa on necrotizing agents-induced gastric injury in experimental animals.

Background/aim: Previous studies on "Black seed" or "Black Cumin" Nigella sativa (NS) have reported a large number of pharmacological activities including its anti-ulcer potential. These studies employed either fixed oil, volatile oil components or different solvent extracts. In folkloric practices, NS seeds are taken as such, in the form of coarse dry powder or the powdered seeds are mixed with water.

Protection of mouse bone marrow from etoposide-induced genomic damage by dexrazoxane.

Purpose: The objective of the current investigation is to determine whether non-toxic doses of the catalytic topoisomerase-II inhibitor, dexrazoxane, have influence on the genomic damage induced by the anticancer topoisomerase-II poison, etoposide, on mice bone marrow cells.

Method: The scoring of micronuclei, chromosomal aberrations, and mitotic activity were undertaken as markers of cyto- and genotoxicity. Oxidative damage markers such as reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation were assessed as a possible mechanism underlying this amelioration.

Aqueous suspension of anise "Pimpinella anisum" protects rats against chemically induced gastric ulcers.

Aim: To substantiate the claims of Unani and Arabian traditional medicine practitioners on the gastroprotective potential effect of a popular spice anise, "Pimpinella anisum L." on experimentally-induced gastric ulceration and secretion in rats.

Methods: Acute gastric ulceration in rats was produced by various noxious chemicals including 80% ethanol, 0.