Exploring Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Intensity Effects on Multifidus Muscle Activity in Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain: An Ultrasound Imaging-Informed Investigation.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Background: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an effective tool for stimulating multifidus muscle contractions. Ultrasound imaging (USI) is valid and reliable for quantifying multifidus activity represented by percent thickness change from a resting to contracted state.