Perceptions, barriers, and attitudes toward research among in-training physicians in Saudi Arabia: A multicenter survey.

The outcomes of patient care are improved by adequate knowledge, practical skills, and positive attitude. Currently, there is a lack of data on medical research activities among resident doctors in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to evaluate the perception, barriers, and research attitudes among various residency programs running in different cities of Saudi Arabia.

Treatment efficacy of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for 8 weeks in non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients.

Background/aims: Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) combination is administered for 12 to 24 weeks to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV); guidelines recommend 8 weeks treatment duration for HCV genotype (GT) 1 infection based on the patient's baseline characteristics. Data on treating HCV GT4 with LDV/SOF are limited. In this prospective cohort study, the efficacy and safety of 8 weeks treatment duration with LDV/SOF was evaluated in HCV GT4 patients in Saudi Arabia.

Legionella confirmation in cooling tower water. Comparison of culture, real-time PCR and next generation sequencing.

Objectives: To investigate the presence of Legionella spp in cooling tower water. Legionella proliferation in cooling tower water has serious public health implications as it can be transmitted to humans via aerosols and cause Legionnaires' disease.

Methods: Samples of cooling tower water were collected from King Fahd Hospital of the University (KFHU) (Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2015/2016).

Fibroscan: a noninvasive test of liver fibrosis assessment.

Determination of the extent of progress of hepatic fibrosis is important in clinical practice, where it may reflect the severity of liver disease and predict response to treatment. Percutaneous liver biopsy is the gold standard for grading and staging of liver disease. However, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure with certain unavoidable risks and complications.

Concepts in leptin and liver disease.

Leptin is a cytokine l6kd peptide hormone. Its crucial role is regulation of appetite and the body fat mass mainly through action on the hypothalamus. It is produced mainly in adipocytes of white fat, as well as from other tissues e.

Epidemiology and outcome of Crohn's disease in a teaching hospital in Riyadh.

Aim: To know the epidemiology and outcome of Crohn's disease at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and to compare the results from other world institutions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients seen for 20 years (between 1983 and 2002). Individual case records were reviewed with regard to history, clinical, findings from colonoscopy, biopsies, small bowel enema, computerized tomography scan, treatment and outcome.

Lack of association of coronary artery disease with H.pylori infection.

Objective: It has been suggested from previous studies that there is an associated increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori). However, others dispute this.

Malignant biliary strictures. Diagnosis and management.

Objective: To identify the cause, methods of diagnosis and management of malignant biliary strictures in our institution and compare with studies from other communities.

Methods: From March 1998 through to August 2002, we reviewed 1000 files of patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) at the Gastroenterology unit, King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for malignant biliary strictures (MBS). Clinical, laboratory data, method of diagnosis and management were recorded.

Report: pipeline transport of solid waste in the Grand Holy Mosque in Makkah.

The Grand Holy Mosque, located in the Holy City of Makkah in Saudi Arabia, attracts millions of Muslim visitors from all over the world, especially during the pilgrimage season. The daily amount of refuse generated in the Grand Holy Mosque and surrounding plazas reached a maximum value of 192.8 tons/day in 1998.

Medical treatment of perianal Crohn disease.

Crohn disease is a chronic illness that affects the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Perianal Crohn develops in 31-94% of patients over the course of their illness. It affects the skin in the perianal area, the anal canal and can cause fistulae.