Do Alarmins Have a Role in Multiple Myeloma?

Objective: Calprotectin (CLP), S100A6, and high mobility group nucleosome-binding protein 1 (HMGN1), known as alarmins, are involved in the pathogenesis of many tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationships of serum CLP, S100A6, and HMGN1 levels with the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and their roles in the pathogenesis of MM.

Materials And Methods: We measured the serum CLP, S100A6, and HMGN1 levels of 55 newly diagnosed patients and 32 healthy controls using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.

Correction to: Efects of AGEs, sRAGE and HMGB1 on Clinical Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01574-6.].

Effects of AGEs, sRAGE and HMGB1 on Clinical Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) upregulated during the onset and progression of cancer and bone-related pathologies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of serum advanced glycation end products (AGEs), soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), in multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: AGEs, sRAGE and HMGB1 concentrations of 54 newly diagnosed MM patients and 30 healthy volunteers were measured by ELISA.

Prognostic Value of Serum Soluble Klotho and Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 in Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Multiple myeloma is the plasma cell malignancy in which bone involvement is common. The Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23)/Klotho pathway plays a major role in mineral metabolism that FGF-23 is mineralization inhibitory. Klotho also has anti-apoptotic and anti-tumor effects by acting as a tumor suppressor gene.

Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression Level and Prognostic Significance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Unlabelled: Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the expression level of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and its effects on prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. Methods: The flow cytometry was used to detect PD-L1 expression on leukemic cells of 86 de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients with longitudinal follow-up. Results: Median follow-up was 13 (0-73) months.

The Role of Interim PET/CT on Survival in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Background: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most frequent aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Predicting response and estimating prognosis earlier makes management of this heterogeneous lymphoma more satisfying. Interim PET response is established in Hodgkin Lymphoma to tailor the therapy but results for non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is unconvincing.

Study for the Diagnostic Screening of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in Older Patients with Unexplained Anemia and/or Cytopenia.

Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired hematopoietic stem cell disease that may lead to weakness and death of patients, if unrecognized and untreated. Although consensus guidelines were reviewed recently for the diagnostic screening of PNH with multi-parameter flow cytometry (FCM), until now, no study has investigated the efficiency of such clinical indications in older patients.

Methods: Overall, 20 centers participated in the study and a total of 1,689 patients were included, 313 of whom were at geriatric age and 1,376 were aged 18 - 64 years.

Study for the diagnostic screening of paroxsymal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in Turkey: Prospective multicentric evaluation of suspected patients.

Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare disease presenting with variable and various clinical findings. PNH might be overlooked and diagnosis may be delayed due to low awareness about PNH. This is the first multicenter study in Turkey, investigating the efficiency of diagnostic screening of PNH by multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM) according to consensus guidelines.

The role of hepcidin, GDF15, and mitoferrin-1 in iron metabolism of polycythemia vera and essential thrombocytosis patients.

Background/aim: GDF15, hepcidin and mitoferrin-1 (mfrn-1) are proteins involved in systemic iron regulation. There are no studies in the literature demonstrating the serum mfrn-1 levels in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate GDF15, hepcidin and mfrn-1 levels in PV and ET patients.

Carfilzomib-induced tumor lysis syndrome in relapsed multiple myeloma: a report of two cases.

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially fatal complication of cancer therapy characterized by severe electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities such as hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia, and hypocalcaemia. TLS usually occurs in aggressive hematologic malignancies such as Burkitt lymphoma and acute leukemia. TLS has rarely been observed in multiple myeloma (MM).

Dasatinib-induced immune mediated-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Most commonly seen side effects with Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI's) are hematologic toxicities. Besides, with dasatinib autoimmune side effects can be seen. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a life- threatening disease that can be related to various causes mainly autoimmune disorders or antineoplastic drugs.

Isolated Breast Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Isolated breast relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is less often seen. Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is effective in preventing marrow relapse, but cGVHD seems not to be effective extramedullary relapse (EMR). We report the case of isolated breast relapse after first allo-HSCT for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Serum Angiopoietin Levels are Different in Acute and Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms: Angiopoietins do not only Regulate Tumor Angiogenesis.

Molecular balance between Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) has important effects in tumor angiogenesis. Ang-2 was shown to be elevated and proved to be a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date studies revealed increased angiogenesis in bone marrows (BMs) of both myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and AML patients.

A comparison of the efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam and cefoperazone-sulbactam therapies in the empirical treatment of patients with febrile neutropenia.

Objective: Empirical antibiotic therapy in neutropenic patients presenting with fever plays a significant role in reducing mortality related to infection. Empirical therapies with broad-spectrum intravenous bactericidal, anti-pseudomonal antibiotics are accepted treatments for febrile neutropenic patients. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP-TAZO) and cefoperozone-sulbactam (CS) therapies in adult patients with haematological malignancies presenting with neutropenic fever in a prospective study design.

Late-onset Anticonvulsant Hypersensitivity Syndrome Mimicking Lymphoma.

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a fatal, idiosyncratic drug reaction that is caused by aromatic antiepileptic drugs. This cutaneous drug reaction is also called pseudolymphoma because of its clinical and histological similarities with malignant lymphoma. The primary clinical findings are fever, skin rashes, enlarged lymph nodes, single or multiple internal organ involvement and hematological abnormalities.

The Role of β-Catenin in Bcr/Abl Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Introduction: β-Catenin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a central effector molecule in the Wnt signaling pathway. Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway causes various diseases including cancer. In this study we evaluated β-catenin expression in bcr/abl-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs).

Beta-2 microglobulin predicts the outcome after autologous stem cell transplantation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an established therapeutic modality in the treatment of lymphomas, especially in the relapse setting. In the present study, we aimed to define pretransplantation factors including Beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) that influence outcomes following ASCT in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We analyzed retrospectively 78 NHL patients who had undergone ASCT from August 2010 to January 2013.

Soluble Programmed Death 1 (PD-1) Is Decreased in Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP): Potential Involvement of PD-1 Pathway in ITP Immunopathogenesis.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by dysregulation of T cells. Programmed death (PD) 1 and programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) are cosignaling molecules, and the major role of the PD-1 pathway is the inhibition of self-reactive T cells and to protect against autoimmune diseases. We measured levels of serum soluble PD 1 (sPD-1) and serum soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in 67 patients with ITP (24 newly diagnosed ITP [ndITP], 43 chronic ITP [cITP]) and 21 healthy controls (HCs).

Treatment of patients with multiple myeloma over 65 yr: more tolerability or better response?

Objective: Two-thirds of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are over 65 yr and/or physically unfit. Such patients are not eligible for high-dose chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation. The treatment aims in these patients should be to prolong survival by obtaining the best possible response, while maintaining good tolerability.

Decreased serum heat shock protein 60 levels in newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia patients.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by peripheral thrombocyte destruction. In some autoimmune disorders, heat-shock proteins (HSP) are suggested to be an important antigenic factor. In this study, we demonstrated the serum free levels of HSP60, HSP70, anti-HSP60, and anti-HSP70 in ITP patients and healthy controls.

Serum growth differentiation factor 15 levels in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients.

Background/aims: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological cancer associated with increased clonal malignant plasma cells. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF 15) is a protein that is highly expressed in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of patients with MM. This study investigated whether the clinical stage of the disease, treatment response and survival are affected by pretreatment serum GDF 15 levels.

Serum hepcidin and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia.

Objectives: Hepcidin plays a regulatory role in systemic iron homeostasis. GDF-15 has been found to be expressed from matured erythroblasts and very high levels of GDF-15 suppresses hepcidin secretion. In this study, we evaluated hepcidin and GDF-15 levels in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET).

The association between gene polymorphisms and leukocytosis with thrombotic complications in patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera.

Objective: Vascular events are a common complication in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET). This study aimed to analyze the association between PAI-1 4G/5G and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms, and leukocytosis with thrombosis in patients with PV and ET.

Material And Methods: In total, 64 patients with ET and PV were evaluated.

Are cup-like blasts specific to AML patients with FLT3 ITD and a normal karyotype? An ALL case report and review of the literature.

Cup-like morphology is defined as cup-like nuclear invagination spanning ≥25% of the nuclear diameter in >10% of blasts. Studies have shown that FLT3 ITD and normal cytology are strongly associated with cup-like morphology in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Herein we describe a patient with cup-like blasts that was diagnosed and treated for common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Effect of heat shock protein-90 (HSP90) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on survival in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an immunohistochemical study.

Background: The significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and heat shock protein-90 (HSP90) has received only limited attention especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, we assessed expressions of HSP90 and VEGF in bone marrow samples of patients with ALL and effect of these expression quantities on the mean overall survival.

Patients And Methods: Using immunohistochemical methods, we assessed expression of HSP90 and VEGF in 22 cases of ALL.