Clinical utility of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening side effect of antipsychotic medication. In this study, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis of inflammation neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the etiology of NMS. In this retrospective case-control study, data were collected using digital database of Bakırköy Mental Health Research and Training State Hospital by screening NMS diagnosis according to 'International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) code: between the years of 2007 and 2017.

Serum osmolarity and blood viscosity as a potential explanation for the pathophysiology of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but life-threatening side effect. NMS patients usually develop dehydration and fluid-electrolyte imbalance. In this study, we aimed to investigate serum osmolarity and blood viscosity in patients with NMS.

The alteration of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with treatment resistant major depression.

Objective: The nerves and axons of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) are similar to those in the brain and therefore retina is considered as the extension of the brain. We aimed to evaluate the RNFL thickness in the treatment-resistant major depressive patients before and after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment and at least 6 months later after rTMS treatment using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Thirty patients with treatment resistant major depression and 24 healthy controls were included in the study.

Serum osmolarity in male patients with bipolar disorder manic episode.

What is the central question of this study? The main goal of this study was, for the first time, to investigate the role of the serum osmolarity in bipolar disorder manic episode. What is the main finding and its importance? Our results demonstrate a diminished serum osmolarity in manic episode compared with healthy control subjects. This finding supports the hypothesis of a fluid and electrolyte imbalance during acute episodes.

Thioredoxin is not a marker for treatment-resistance depression but associated with cognitive function: An rTMS study.

Elevated oxidative stress is known to play an important role in development of depression and cognitive dysfunction. To date, thioredoxin (TRX), an antioxidant protein, has been investigated as a marker for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism but its relationship with depression is yet to be unknown. The aim of this study is to detect the TRX levels in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), analyse the effect of rTMS (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) application on TRX levels and display the relationship of TRX with cognitive areas.

Assessment of cardiovascular risk via atherogenic indices in patients with bipolar disorder manic episode and alterations with treatment.

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is one of the important cause of mortality among patients with Bipolar Disorder. Castelli Risk index I and II (CRI-I and II), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Atherogenic coefficient (AC) are new parameters in assessing cardiovascular risk. In this study we aimed to explore the status of cardiovascular risk factors and their alterations with treatment in manic episode.

Serum soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor levels in male patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia.

Inflammatory abnormalities have been shown in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a protein that is measurable in the circulating blood and reflects the inflammation in the body. We aimed to investigate serum suPAR levels in patients with schizophrenia who were in acute state and to compare with healthy controls.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios as inflammation markers for bipolar disorder.

In the present study we investigated the involvement of inflammatory cells and their ratios as inflammation markers in Bipolar Disorder. We have enrolled 61 manic, 55 euthymic patients and 54 control subjects to the study. Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratios were found significantly higher in both manic and euthymic patients compared to control group.

Plasma BDNFs level initially and post treatment in acute mania: comparison between ECT and atypical antipsychotic treatment and healthy controls.

Background: Inconsistent findings concerning brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels across different episodes in bipolar disorder have been reported, which is also in line with the treatment effects on BDNF levels in acute mania. We aimed to compare plasma BDNF level alterations after pure antipsychotic drug or ECT plus antipsychotic drug treatment in acute mania.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients with mania were divided into two treatment arms: the antipsychotic treatment arm (AP) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)+AP arm.

Level of plasma thioredoxin in male patients with manic episode at initial and post-electroconvulsive or antipsychotic treatment.

Aim: Oxidative stress is defined as exposure to excessive oxidants and/or decrease in antioxidant capacity. Several studies have shown the effects of free radicals and antioxidant defense systems in bipolar disorder. We aimed to investigate the role of thioredoxin (TRX), which is a novel oxidative stress marker in patients with bipolar disorder.

Initial and post-treatment total oxidant-antioxidant status and oxidative stress index in male patients with manic episode.

We investigated serum total oxidative and anti-oxidative status in manic patients. Group1 was formed as ECT+antipsychotic, group2 was antipsychotic and healthy volunteers as group3. The anti-oxidative status was significantly lower in group1 than group3.

A case report of priapism caused by ziprasidon.

Priapism is defined as having prolonged (more than 6 h), and usually painful penile erection that occurs without a sexual desire or arousal. Only a very few priapism cases caused by ziprasidone are reported in the literature. In this case report we aimed to present a prolonged penile erection due to use of ziprasidone.

The nesfatin 1 level in male patients with manic episode and alterations of nesfatin 1 level after antipsychotic and electroconvulsive treatment.

Background: Nesfatin 1 is a newly identified peptide structured satiety hormone that is claimed to be responsible for the provision of appetite and metabolic regulation in hypothalamus. The change in appetite and energy is a well-known clinical feature of affective disorders and within treatment. We aimed to investigate serum nesfatin 1 level in patients with bipolar disorder who were in manic episode and the influences of treatment modalities on nesfatin 1 level.