Impact of resistance training on cardiometabolic health-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of resistance training on cardiometabolic health-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and overweight/obesity.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception up to May 2024.

A systematic review on the associations between the built environment and adult's physical activity in global tropical and subtropical climate regions.

Background: Physical inactivity is a major public health concern, exacerbated in countries with a (sub)tropical climate. The built environment can facilitate physical activity; however, current evidence is mainly from North American and European countries with activity-friendly climate conditions. This study explored associations between built environment features and physical activity in global tropical or subtropical dry or desert climate regions.

Development of an expert system for the classification of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a severe condition with an uncertain origin and a dismal prognosis. There is presently no precise diagnostic test for ME/CFS, and the diagnosis is determined primarily by the presence of certain symptoms. The current study presents an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) integrated machine learning (ML) framework that identifies and classifies potential metabolic biomarkers of ME/CFS.

Sarcopenia of Ageing: Does a Healthier Lifestyle Matter in Reversing the Trajectory? A Brief Narrative Review and a Call for Action in Saudi Arabia.

The concept of health span is an emerging topic in recent years, with a truly palpable relevance to public health. With ageing comes a loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and performance, which is termed as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is a major public health concern and poses a challenge to health-care systems.

Comprehensive review of melatonin as a promising nutritional and nutraceutical supplement.

Background: Melatonin is an indoleamine hormone secreted by the pineal gland at night and has an essential role in regulating human circadian rhythms (the internal 24-h clock) and sleep-wake patterns. However, it has recently gained considerable attention for its demonstrated ability in disease management. This review discusses the major biological activities of melatonin, its metabolites as nutritional supplements, and its bioavailability in food sources.

Does body mass index distinguish motor proficiency, social and emotional maturity among adolescent girls?

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate whether different body mass index (BMI) groups could serve as a distinguishing factor for assessing motor proficiency and social and emotional maturity in adolescent girls.

Methods: 140 girls ranging from 12 to 14.5 years old were selected from the schools of Tabriz city, Iran.

Effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet on cardiometabolic health in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lifestyle modifications involving diet and exercise are recommended for patients diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet (AEDT) on various cardiometabolic health-related indicators among individuals with obesity and T2DM.

Methodology: A comprehensive search of the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases was conducted for this meta-analysis.

Impacts of different triathlon races on systemic cytokine profile and metabolic parameters in healthy individuals: a systematic review.

The present systematic review aimed to discuss the impacts of different triathlon protocols on the level of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as biomarkers related to the performance of healthy individuals. Four databases [PubMed (28 articles), Scopus (24 articles), Science Direct (200 articles), and SPORT Discus (1101 articles) were assessed. The eligibility criteria were applied, and the selected articles were used in the peer review, independently, as they were identified by March 2022.

Virtual Behavioral Intervention to Promote Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: A Feasibility RCT during COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: the COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on human health, affecting many lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, sedentary behavior, dietary habits and sleep.

Purpose: to assess the feasibility of six sessions of a virtual behavioral intervention to promote healthy lifestyle practices during a stay-at-home advisory phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A participant-blinded randomized controlled trial was performed through a virtual platform setting.

Development of the Arabic Health Measures database: a bibliometric analysis of Arabic health-related measures.

Background: To develop an open-access database of Arabic health measures intended for use by researchers and healthcare providers, along with a bibliometric analysis of the measures included in the database.

Methods: A search was conducted up to 31 December 2021 in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, SAGE, Springer and Elsevier for published articles or abstracts with keywords "Arabic" AND "translation", "adaptation" OR "validation". Information on the measure and the methodology used in the study was then entered into a database.

Prevalence of sarcopenia among Saudis and its association with lifestyle behaviors: Protocol for cross-sectional study.

Background: Sarcopenia is an age-related muscular disease manifesting as a loss of muscle function and mass-leads to detrimental consequences at both individual and community levels. Modifiable lifestyle factors (such as physical behaviors and nutritional habits) may be involved in sarcopenia etiology. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Population (EWGOSP2) established a cut-off point for sarcopenia diagnosis based on the European population and they recommend the use of a regional normative population.

An Arabic Sedentary Behaviors Questionnaire (ASBQ): Development, Content Validation, and Pre-Testing Findings.

Background: Sedentary behaviors (SB) are very prevalent nowadays. Prolonged sitting associates with chronic disease risks and increased mortality even while controlling for physical activity. Objective measurement of SB is costly, requires technical expertise, and is challenging in terms of time and management.

The prevalence of long-term rehabilitation following motor-vehicle crashes in Saudi Arabia: a multicenter study.

Introduction: In Saudi Arabia, motor-vehicle crashes (MVC) are the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). There is limited information locally on the magnitude and need for rehabilitation following MVC. This study examined the prevalence of MVC patients requiring long-term rehabilitation and the epidemiology of associated injuries.

The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Weight and Body Mass Index in Saudi Arabia: A Longitudinal Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on various health conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on body weight and body mass index (BMI) in Saudi Arabia. We used electronic health records obtained from a healthcare system representing five hospitals in three different regions in the Kingdom to examine the change in weight utilizing a longitudinal design.

Anthropometric Measurements, Sociodemographics, and Lifestyle Behaviors among Saudi Adolescents Living in Riyadh Relative to Sex and Activity Energy Expenditure: Findings from the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study 2 (ATLS-2).

The aim of the study was to examine the anthropometric measurements, sociodemographics, and lifestyle behaviors among Saudi adolescents relative to sex and physical activity (PA). A random cross-sectional survey conducted on Saudi adolescents from secondary schools in Riyadh, using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. Measurements included demographics, weight, height, waist circumference, PA, sedentary behaviors (SB), sleep duration, and dietary habits using a validated questionnaire.

Diagnosis of glomus tumor of the elbow: A case report.

Introduction: Glomus tumors are rare and often benign vascular lesions that present classically in the subungual region of the hand. Nonetheless, presentations in atypical sites have been reported over the years. However, the classic symptoms of typical glomus tumors are often absent in tumors of atypical sites.

Lifestyle behaviors trend and their relationship with fear level of COVID-19: Cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic cautionary measures have affected the daily life of people around the globe. Further, understanding the complete lifestyle behaviors profile can help healthcare providers in designing effective interventions and assessing overall health impact on risk of disease development. Thus, this study aims to assess the complete spectrum of lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, distress, social support, dietary habits, and smoking) prevalence and its association with fear of COVID-19 in people living in Saudi Arabia.

The recommended amount of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration for healthy Saudis: A joint consensus statement of the Saudi Public Health Authority.

Background: The goal of the 24-h Movement Practice Guidelines for Saudi Arabia is to provide policymakers, health-care providers, researchers, sports professionals, and members of the public with recommendations on the duration of time they should spend engaged in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep throughout all age groups.

Methods: A modified RAND appropriateness method and the "GRADE-ADOLOPMENT" approach of guideline recommendations were used by a guideline development panel to develop the present recommendations.

Results: The recommendations were based on the integrated needs of the following age groups: children (0-2 years), preschoolers (3-5 years), children and adolescents (6-17 years), adults (18-64 years), and older adults (≥65 years).

Joint consensus statement of the Saudi Public Health Authority on the recommended amount of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration for healthy Saudis: Background, methodology, and discussion.

The Saudi Public Health Authority recently prepared a Consensus Statement regarding how much time a person should spend engaged in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep to promote optimal health across all age groups. This paper describes the background literature, methodology, and modified RAND Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)-ADOLOPMENT approach that guided the development process. A Leadership Group and Consensus Panels were formed, and credible existing guidelines were identified.

Regulation of Energy Substrate Metabolism in Endurance Exercise.

The human body requires energy to function. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the cellular currency for energy-requiring processes including mechanical work (i.e.

Effect of carbohydrate-protein supplementation on endurance training adaptations.

Purpose: To examine the influence of post-exercise protein feeding upon the adaptive response to endurance exercise training.

Methods: In a randomised parallel group design, 25 healthy men and women completed 6 weeks of endurance exercise training by running on a treadmill for 30-60 min at 70-75% maximal oxygen uptake (VO) 4 times/week. Participants ingested 1.

Restoration of Muscle Glycogen and Functional Capacity: Role of Post-Exercise Carbohydrate and Protein Co-Ingestion.

The importance of post-exercise recovery nutrition has been well described in recent years, leading to its incorporation as an integral part of training regimes in both athletes and active individuals. Muscle glycogen depletion during an initial prolonged exercise bout is a main factor in the onset of fatigue and so the replenishment of glycogen stores may be important for recovery of functional capacity. Nevertheless, nutritional considerations for optimal short-term (3-6 h) recovery remain incompletely elucidated, particularly surrounding the precise amount of specific types of nutrients required.