Exploring the Nature and Challenges Among Physicians in Saudi Arabia Responding to an Inflight Medical Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background  Inflight medical emergencies (IMEs) present a challenging situation due to the availability of limited medical resources and a complex cabin environment. The physicians have an ethical responsibility to aid in such situations. This study aims to assess the attitudes of Saudi physicians regarding IMEs.

Functional Outcome Measures to Optimize Drug Development in Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy: Results From a Meta-Analysis of the Global SBMA Dataset.

Background And Objectives: Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a rare, slowly progressive, and debilitating disease without effective treatments available. Lack of reliable biomarkers and sensitive outcome measures makes clinical research conduct challenging. The primary objective of this study was to identify clinically meaningful and statistically sensitive outcome measures enabling the evaluation of therapeutic interventions in late-stage clinical trials.

Effect of Er: YAG laser therapy in non-surgical periodontal treatment: an umbrella review.

Aim: The current umbrella review aimed to summarize the effect of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: YAG) laser adjunct with the conventional non-surgical periodontal treatment which was evidenced from available systematic reviews.

Methods: An extensive literature search was piloted by two independent reviewers in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The search was limited to the English language from 2011 to 2023 years.

Facial emotion recognition using deep quantum and advanced transfer learning mechanism.

Introduction: Facial expressions have become a common way for interaction among humans. People cannot comprehend and predict the emotions or expressions of individuals through simple vision. Thus, in psychology, detecting facial expressions or emotion analysis demands an assessment and evaluation of decisions for identifying the emotions of a person or any group during communication.

Isolated Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum in a Four-Year-Old: A Case of Preserved Cognitive Function Despite Complete Corpus Callosum Absence.

Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a rare congenital brain anomaly characterized by the partial or complete absence of the corpus callosum, a crucial structure responsible for interhemispheric communication. Neurological outcomes associated with AgCC vary widely, with presentation ranging from severe intellectual disabilities to normal cognitive function. The condition is often discovered incidentally due to the variability in its clinical presentation.

Digital impression (intraoral scanners) and factors affecting its accuracy - an insight into knowledge and awareness amongst graduates, and clinical practitioners.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and practice of intraoral scanners (IOS) and the factors affecting their accuracy amongst dental interns and practitioners.

Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study in which data was collected from a representative population in Saudi Arabia, with the help of online questionnaires. The forms were distributed to 500 dental interns and practitioners and the questionnaire's validity and reliability were evaluated for vetting and remarks.

Applications of artificial intelligence in emergency and critical care diagnostics: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence has come to be the highlight in almost all fields of science. It uses various models and algorithms to detect patterns and specific findings to diagnose a disease with utmost accuracy. With the increasing need for accurate and precise diagnosis of disease, employing artificial intelligence models and concepts in healthcare setup can be beneficial.

Dental students, interns, and junior dentists' awareness and attitude toward the inferior alveolar nerve block technique and related failure.

Background/purpose: Exploration of early practicing dental professionals' awareness and attitude toward inferior alveolar nerve block IANB will directly inform efforts to improve clinical practices and ensure patient safety. The aim was to highlight the students, interns, and junior dentists' awareness and attitude toward the IANB, failure, and related complications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Materials And Methods: An open web-based survey prepared according to the Checklist for reporting results of Internet e-surveys CHERRIES recommendations was designed and carried out across different regions of the KSA.

Analysis of Pancreatic Cancer Genetic Risk Factors in a Multi-Ethnic Population Sample.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) has one of the highest mortality to incidence ratio of all cancers. Early identification of at-risk individuals should permit early diagnosis. Genome-wide association studies showed the association of several genetic variants with PC risk in multi-ethnic populations.

Artificial intelligence in respiratory care: knowledge, perceptions, and practices-a cross-sectional study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is reforming healthcare, particularly in respiratory medicine and critical care, by utilizing big and synthetic data to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic benefits. This survey aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of respiratory therapists (RTs) regarding AI to effectively incorporate these technologies into the clinical practice.

Methods: The study approved by the institutional review board, aimed at the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Patient-Reported Impact of Symptoms in Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and relative importance of symptoms experienced by patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 232 participants with SBMA. Participants provided input regarding 18 themes and 208 symptoms that affect patients with SBMA.

The Role of Screening, Risk Factors, and Early Intervention in Preventing Diabetes in the Obese Population: A Systematic Review.

With its rising global prevalence, diabetes has become one of the most significant and challenging health problems afflicting the world's population today. The increasing burden of diabetes and its associated complications calls for immediate action for prevention which primarily includes addressing the risk factors. The most significant risk factor for the onset of diabetes is obesity.

Primary CNS Burkitt Lymphoma Presenting as Sudden Bilateral Blindness in a Patient With Underlying Kabuki Syndrome: A Case Report.

Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare disease, and the subtype of Burkitt lymphoma presenting as a sole CNS lesion is an even rarer diagnosis. Acute sudden blindness is a rare presenting symptom of PCNSL or NHL in general.

Appropriate incorporation of susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging into routine imaging protocols for accurate diagnosis of traumatic brain injuries: a systematic review.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from physical or traumatic injuries to the brain's surrounding bony structures and associated tissues, which can lead to various sequelae, including simple concussion, acute epidural hematoma, parenchymal contusions, subarachnoid hemorrhage, diffuse axonal injury, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has enhanced the accuracy of neuroimaging for these injuries. SWI is based on 3D gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with long echo times and flow compensation.

Intellectual assessment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using deep resemble forward neural network.

ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is a neurodegenerative disorder causing profound physical disability that severely impairs a patient's life expectancy and quality of life. It also leads to muscular atrophy and progressive weakness of muscles due to insufficient nutrition in the body. At present, there are no disease-modifying therapies to cure ALS, and there is a lack of preventive tools.

Diagnosis of Small Intestinal Diaphragms and Strictures Induced by Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Through Intraoperative Enteroscopy: A Case Study From Saudi Arabia.

The small intestinal diaphragms are a rare condition characterized by focal or diffuse luminal narrowing in the small intestine. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with the development of small intestinal diaphragms, particularly in long-term and high-dose users. In the current report, a Saudi adult female complained of abnormal bowel motions, which caused severe abdominal pain.

Simulation-Based Teaching and Learning in Respiratory Care Education: A Narrative Review.

Simulation-based pedagogy has become an essential aspect of healthcare education. However, there is a significant gap in the literature regarding the application of simulation-based modalities in respiratory care education. This review aims to address this gap by providing insight into the theory and current uses of simulation, its effectiveness in respiratory care education, and strategies to enhance faculty development.

The remarkable potential of machine learning algorithms in estimating water permeability of concrete incorporating nano natural pozzolana.

This paper aims to estimate the permeability of concrete by replacing the laboratory tests with robust machine learning (ML)-based models. For this purpose, the potential of twelve well-known ML techniques was investigated in estimating the water penetration depth (WPD) of nano natural pozzolana (NNP)-reinforced concrete based on 840 data points. The preparation of concrete specimens was based on the different combinations of NNP content, water-to-cement (W/C) ratio, median particle size (MPS) of NNP, and curing time (CT).

The effect of cumulative night shift duties on insomnia, fatigue, and mental health in intensive care unit.

Background: Night shift duties are crucial in the ICU to ensure care continuity, where critically ill patients require round-the-clock care. However, cumulative night shift duties may disturb circadian rhythm, insomnia, fatigue, and depression, and require further elucidation.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the negative consequences of various night shift patterns on insomnia, fatigue, and mental health of ICU Workers.

Safety and efficacy of beta-3 adrenergic agonists in treating neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy and safety of beta-3 adrenergic agonists in adults with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: According to a protocol (CRD42022350079), we searched multiple data sources for published and unpublished randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to 2nd August 2022. Two review authors independently screened studies and abstracted data from the included studies.

Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation associated with brain abscess: A computed tomography case report.

Vein of Galen malformation (VGM) is a rare congenital, uncommon intracerebral vascular anomaly rarely complicated with the development of brain abscess as secondary to primary infection or after endovascular treatment. We report a very rare finding of a vein of Galen aneurysm associated with a large brain abscess at the time of diagnosis. A 12-year-old boy with a high-grade fever, severe headache, and recurrent episodes of convulsions came into the radiology department of Kassala Advanced Diagnostic Center.