Right Superior Vena Cava Connected Left Atrium with Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return and Intact Atrial Septum: An Unusual Cause of Paradoxical Embolism.

A six-month-old girl presented with history of convulsion and cyanosis, was eventually found to have a right superior vena cava connected to left atrium with anomalous upper right pulmonary vein return and without atrial septal defect. Diagnosis was confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The patient underwent a successful cardiac surgery correction, routing SVC to right atrium and repair of right upper pulmonary vein to left atrium.

Discrete Left Ventricle Outflow Tract Obstruction in Children: Incidence and Predictors of Recurrence. A Multi-Center Study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to measure the incidence of recurrence of discrete subaortic stenosis (DSS) after primary resection in two major cardiac centers in Saudi Arabia and to identify risk factors associated with recurrence.

Methods: Data on 234 patients who were diagnosed with DSS and underwent surgical resection between 1999 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics as well as echocardiographic, surgical, and pathological data were compared between patients with recurrence and non-recurrence.

Ascending aortic aneurysm.

A 14-year-old boy presented with an unusual bulging chest noted to be increasing slowly over the last few years. He had no other complaints. Cardiac echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed aneurysmal dilation of the ascending aorta with moderate aortic valve insufficiency and moderate pericardial effusion.

Pediatric poststernotomy mediastinitis.

Background: Mediastinitis results in significant morbidity in pediatric cardiac patients. It is not clear whether delayed sternal closure is a risk factor for these infections. Management of mediastinitis remains controversial.