Detection of Astronaut's Stress Levels During 240-Day Confinement using EEG Signals and Machine Learning.

Early detection of mental stress is particularly important in prolonged space missions. In this study, we propose utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) with multiple machine learning models to detect elevated stress levels during a 240-day confinement. We quantified the levels of stress using alpha amylase levels, reaction time (RT) to stimuli, accuracy of target detection, and functional connectivity of EEG estimated by Phase Locking Value (PLV).

Prevalence and issues in non-use of safety belts and child restraints in a high-income developing country: lessons for the future.

Objective: In United Arab Emirates (UAE), a high-income developing country, safety belt (SB) legislation was implemented in 1998, covering only front-seated adults on highways outside cities. We assessed wearing of SBs after 5 years, together with use of safety restraints by rear passengers and children, perceptions about SBs, and use of tinted glass.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey in 2003-2004 in Al Ain, population 400,000 and the main desert city of UAE, used random sampling of petrol stations; about 80% of UAE's population is non-citizens.