Histological and histochemical characteristics of the esophagus in local breed donkey ().

Objective: Certain advantages of donkeys are still not listed as for other equine species. Moreover, donkeys lack comprehensive scientific studies. The present study examines the histological architecture and histochemical characteristics of the esophagus in the Iraqi local breed donkey ().

The immunity function of rodlet cells in the intestine of Binni fish ().

Objective: Rodlet cells produce secretions of glycoproteins in nature. This study investigated the microscopic morphology, histochemical and immunohistochemical reactions, and distribution of the rodlet cells in the gut of Binni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi).

Materials And Methods: Thirty samples were obtained from the cranial, middle, and caudal portions of Binni intestine immediately after being euthanized, fixed in Bouin's solution for 18 h at 24°C, and had undergone routine histological processing, different conventional histochemical stains, and immunostaining with TNF-α and S100 protein antibody.

Evaluation of secondary metabolites of herbal plant extracts as an antiviral effect on infectious bursal disease virus isolates in embryonated chicken eggs.

Background And Aim: Infectious bursal disease attacks the poultry industry, mainly young chickens, causing immunosuppression, and death with high economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the monoextract, diextracts, and triextracts of (QI), (CiA), and (CoA) on infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs).

Materials And Methods: The experimental design consisted of three sets of ECEs at 11 days of age, and each set included seven groups (G1-G7).

Bacterial isolation from internal organs of rats () captured in Baghdad city of Iraq.

Aim: Rats are accused in disseminating many zoonotic diseases. This study aimed to isolate and identify bacteria from internal organs of rats captured in Baghdad City, Iraq.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 black rats () were trapped from different areas in Baghdad city.

The epidemiology of tick in transmission of bacteria in buffaloes in Marshes of the south of Iraq.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of ticks in transmission of bacteria in buffaloes in marshes of the south of Iraq.

Materials And Methods: This survey included 255 healthy and clinically ill buffaloes in marshes of the south of Iraq (Thi-Qar, Basra, and Misan provinces) between the periods from May 2017 to April 2018. Animals were clinically examined.