Publications by authors named "Abdulkadir Mohamed"

Article Synopsis
  • - Intestinal obstruction (IO) is a serious surgical issue mostly caused by adhesions, hernias, and tumors, and is linked to high rates of complications and death, particularly in men.
  • - A study over three years at a hospital in Somalia showed that most patients presented with symptoms like nausea and abdominal distension, requiring surgery for 95.1% of cases, with a notable rate of postoperative infections.
  • - The findings indicate that small bowel obstructions, mainly due to adhesions and hernias, are more common than large bowel obstructions, highlighting the need for urgent surgical intervention and more research for better treatment outcomes.
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Eating disorders (EDs) commonly co-occur with other psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the pattern of family history and genetic overlap among them requires clarification. This study investigated the diagnostic, familial, and genetic associations of EDs with ADHD and ASD. The nationwide population-based cohort study included all individuals born in Denmark, 1981-2008, linked to their siblings and cousins.

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Article Synopsis
  • A 53-year-old man developed this condition after engaging in extended sexual activity the night before, while also using sildenafil.
  • An ultrasound confirmed the diagnosis, showing thrombosis in the vein and swelling, and he received conservative treatment; the case emphasizes the link between vigorous sexual activity, sildenafil use, and MD.
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Article Synopsis
  • Eating disorders (EDs) result in substantial health issues, impacting millions globally, and understanding their transitions and remission can enhance treatment and etiology efforts.* -
  • A study examined over 10,000 people with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or EDNOS to assess diagnostic changes and periods of presumed remission, utilizing genetic data from polygenic scores (PGSs).* -
  • Results showed that most patients did not transition diagnoses but experienced remission, with various PGSs linked to these outcomes, indicating a significant genetic influence on ED progression and recovery.*
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Article Synopsis
  • This study examines the links between eating disorders (EDs), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a large population from Denmark spanning those born between 1981 and 2008.
  • It found significantly higher risks for developing EDs in individuals diagnosed with either ADHD (almost double) or ASD (over two and a half times more likely).
  • Mediation analysis indicated that mood or anxiety disorders might explain a substantial portion of the relationship between ADHD or ASD and EDs, highlighting potential genetic links between anorexia nervosa and these conditions.
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Respiratory health has become a prevailing priority amid the diverse global health challenges that the 21st century brings, due to its substantial impact on individuals and communities on a global scale. Due to rapid advances in medicine, emerging knowledge gaps appear along with new challenges and ethical considerations. While breakthroughs in medical science can bring about encouraging possibilities for better treatments and interventions, they also lead to unanswered questions and areas where further research is warranted.

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Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is the causative agent of TB, a chronic granulomatous illness. This disease is prevalent in low-income countries, posing a significant global health challenge. Gastrointestinal TB is one of the three forms.

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Thinness and anorexia nervosa are both characterised by persistent low weight. Individuals with anorexia nervosa concurrently report distorted perceptions of their body and engage in weight-loss behaviours, whereas individuals with thinness often wish to gain weight. Both conditions are heritable and share genomics with BMI, but are not genetically correlated with each other.

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The sensitivity of animals to sensory input must be regulated to ensure that signals are detected and also discriminable. However, how circuits regulate the dynamic range of sensitivity to sensory stimuli is not well understood. A given odor is represented in the insect mushroom bodies (MBs) by sparse combinatorial coding by Kenyon cells (KCs), forming an odor quality representation.

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Introduction: Umbilical hernia is a condition that frequently affects children, with the majority resolving spontaneously. The appearance of redness, ulceration, or a sudden increase in the size of the umbilical hernia is indicative of a threatening rupture and suggests the requirement for surgical intervention. We hereby present a case of spontaneous umbilical hernia rupture with bowel evisceration.

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Tourette syndrome (TS) is caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Yet, little is known about the interplay of these factors in the occurrence of tics. We investigated whether polygenic risk score (PRS) of TS and pregnancy-related factors together enhance the explained variance of tic occurrence in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N  = 612; N  = 4,201; 50% male; mean age 13.

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Introduction: Although the pathophysiological mechanism of hypertension is not fully elucidated yet, a large number of pieces of evidence have shown that genetic alterations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system play a central role. However, the association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene with essential hypertension is controversial yet, and there is a limited number of publications among the Ethiopian population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with the risk of hypertension among essential hypertension patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.

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Growth deviating from the norm during childhood has been associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity later in life. In this study, we examined whether polygenic scores (PGSs) for AN and BMI are associated with growth trajectories spanning the first two decades of life. AN PGSs and BMI PGSs were calculated for participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; n = 8,654).

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the most causes of mortality and morbidity among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes are common in the early course of the disease. Little is known about the electrocardiographic abnormalities among type 2 DM patients in Ethiopia.

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Background: Perforated peptic ulcer is a common surgical emergency condition worldwide, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if early diagnosis and immediate surgical management were not carried out. Perforation occurs in roughly 5% of PUD patients during their lifetime; this study aimed to explore the wide range of clinical presentations, associated risk factors, complications, and surgical management of perforated peptic ulcer patients.

Methods: A 5-year retrospective observational study on the clinical presentation and surgical management of perforated peptic ulcer is carried out in a tertiary hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, Department of General Surgery, from January 2017 to December 2021.

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Ureteral stents are safe, and because of their widespread usage, complications associated with stenting increased. The knotting of the ureteral stent is an uncommon complication. Until today, only three cases of knotting at the mid-portion and distal ends of the ureteral stents were reported.

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Background: Adverse events (AE) contribute to poor drug adherence and withdrawal, which contribute to a low treatment success rate. AE are commonly reported among multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients in Ethiopia. However, predictors of AE among MDR-TB patients were limited in Ethiopia.

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Background: Parental-feeding behaviors are common intervention targets for childhood obesity, but often only deliver small changes. Childhood BMI is partly driven by genetic effects, and the extent to which parental-feeding interventions can mediate child genetic liability is not known. Here we aim to examine how potential interventions on parental-feeding behaviors can mitigate some of the association between child genetic liability and BMI in early adolescence, using causal inference methods.

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Background: Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare cause of acute lower abdominal pain in females. A history of hemosalpinx, hydrosalpinx, or ovarian or paraovarian cysts might all be risk factors. Diagnosis is frequently delayed until it's too late to salvage the tube.

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Background: Eating disorder (ED) symptoms are prevalent in the general population, but their shared genetic underpinnings with psychiatric, metabolic, and anthropometric traits are not known. Here, we examined if polygenic scores (PGSs) of traits associated with anorexia nervosa are also associated with adolescent ED symptoms in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).

Methods: A total of 8654 participants with genotype data and at least one phenotypic measure were included from the ALSPAC study.

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Article Synopsis
  • Tourette syndrome (TS) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and this study investigated how specific genetic variants interact with pre- and perinatal adversity to affect tic severity in individuals with TS.
  • Researchers examined 98 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from various sources, including previous GWAS studies, to determine their association with tic severity using linear regression models.
  • While one SNP (rs7123010) showed a significant link to higher tic severity, the overall findings regarding the gene-environment interactions were not replicated in a second sample, suggesting more research is needed in this area.
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Childhood eating behaviour contributes to the rise of obesity and related noncommunicable disease worldwide. However, we lack a deep understanding of biochemical alterations that can arise from aberrant eating behaviour. In this study, we prospectively associate longitudinal trajectories of childhood overeating, undereating, and fussy eating with metabolic markers at age 16 years to explore adolescent metabolic alterations related to specific eating patterns in the first 10 years of life.

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Background: According to the 2017 global report, Ethiopia is among the top 30 high tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) burden countries. However, studies on MDR-TB treatment outcomes in Southern Ethiopia was very limited. Therefore, the study was aimed at determining the unfavorable treatment outcome and its predictors among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Southern Ethiopia MDR-TB treatment centers.

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Tourette's Disorder (TD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) that affects about 0.7% of the population and is one of the most heritable NDDs. Nevertheless, because of its polygenic nature and genetic heterogeneity, the genetic etiology of TD is not well understood.

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