Regulatory Roles and Therapeutic Potential of miR-122-5p in Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: Comprehensive Review.

In the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic factors, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a role in genetics. Among the ncRNA family, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained significant attention for their involvement in post-transcriptional gene regulation, with profound implications for both normal and pathological processes including neurological diseases such as hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. A specific miRNA, called miR-122-5p, has gained attention in hypoxic-ischemic conditions, where it modulates critical pathways such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal survival.