Frustration v Imprévision, Why Frustration is so 'Frustrating': The Lack of Flexibility in the English Doctrine's Legal Consequence.

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent economic restrictions have placed many contractual parties under great strain to honour their agreements as contracts have become commercially impracticable and excessively onerous. This article explores the legal position in England, France and the Middle East under the doctrine of impossibility, impracticability and unforeseen circumstances. Strongly rooted in contractual autonomy and commercial certainty, this article argues that frustration in English common law is not sufficiently broad because the consequence (automatic discharge) is too rigid and does not allow a renegotiation of obligations.

A Game-Theoretic Approach to Improve Energy-Related Data.

With the increase in the energy demand, the magnitude of energy production operation increased in scale and complexity and went too far in remote areas. To manage such a big fleet, sensors were installed to send real-time data to operation centers, where subject matter experts monitor the operations and provide live support. With the expansion of installed sensors and the number of monitored operations, the operation centers were flooded with a massive amount of data beyond human capability to handle.

The Use of Graphite to Improve the Stability of Saudi Class G Oil-Well Cement against the Carbonation Process.

Oil-well cement physical characteristics considerably change after being carbonated by a CO-rich solution. In this study, the influence of graphite particles in the characteristics of oil-well cement reacted with a CO-rich solution at 130 °C and 10 MPa for 10 days was studied. After 10 days of carbonation, incorporating 0.

Enhancement of Static and Dynamic Sag Performance of Water-Based Mud Using a Synthetic Clay.

Fluid homogeneity and stability are of high importance as they greatly affect the fluid performance in drilling operations. Solid settlement or solid sag is a severe issue that occurs in weighted drilling muds, especially at elevated temperatures, where the weight material tends to settle down causing well control problems. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a synthetic clay (laponite) to prevent the static and dynamic sag tendency of barite-weighted drilling fluid for elevated-temperature drilling applications.

Influence of Weighting Materials on the Properties of Oil-Well Cement.

The integrity of oil and gas wells is largely dependent on the cement job. Maintaining the properties of the cement layer throughout the life of a well is a difficult task, particularly in high-temperature and -pressure conditions such as those in deep wells. Cementing deep wells require slurries with high densities.

Novel Approach for Improving the Flow of Waxy Crude Oil Using Thermochemical Fluids: Experimental and Simulation Study.

This article focuses on the flow assurance of waxy crude oil using an environmentally benign and cost-effective approach involving thermochemical reaction. The study incorporates experimental and simulation works to evaluate heat and pressure generation potentials and heat transfer efficiency of the thermochemical fluids. Experimental results reveal that at the concentration (1 M) of thermochemical fluid (TCF) ranging between 14 and 33% v/wt of the waxy oil, sufficient heat could be generated to raise the temperature of the oil significantly above the pour point (48 °C).

New Chemical Treatment for Permanent Removal of Condensate Banking from Different Gas Reservoirs.

Condensate banking represents a challenging problem in producing the hydrocarbon from tight gas reservoirs. The accumulation of liquid condensates around the production well can significantly impair the gas flow rate. Gas injection and hydraulic fracturing are the common techniques used to avoid the condensate development by maintaining the reservoir pressure above the dew point curve.

A Combined Barite-Ilmenite Weighting Material to Prevent Barite Sag in Water-Based Drilling Fluid.

Barite sag is a serious problem encountered while drilling high-pressure/high-temperature (HPHT) wells. It occurs when barite particles separate from the base fluid leading to variations in drilling fluid density that may cause a serious well control issue. However, it occurs in vertical and inclined wells under both static and dynamic conditions.