Awareness, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Diabetic Nephropathy Among the General Population in Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Diabetic nephropathy, a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), plays a part in the critical healthcare burden globally, especially in Saudi Arabia, where the prevalence of diabetes cases is among the highest worldwide. This study aims to assess the awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (A-KAP) in relation to diabetic nephropathy among the general population in Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and September 2024, involving 406 participants with a minimum age range of 18 years and older.

Silver-cored extract-loaded antimicrobial nanosuspension: overcoming multidrug resistance.

To synthesize a silver-cored nanosuspension utilizing fresh-leaf extract and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogenic microbes. The prepared nanosuspension was analyzed by spectro-analytical techniques and tested for antimicrobial activity and resistance to biofilm formation. The leaf extract and nanosuspension were tested separately and together as a mixture.