Prevalence, Severity Patterns and Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants Younger than 32 Weeks of Gestation in a Tertiary Centre in Oman.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the rate and severity patterns of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and identify antenatal and postnatal factors associated with BPD in preterm infants <32 weeks of gestational age (GA).

Methods: This retrospective observational study included preterm neonates <32 weeks of gestation admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2010 and December 2017 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. A data set of antenatal and perinatal factors were collected.

Short bowel syndrome as an unusual complication of strangulated congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Case report.

Introduction: Strangulation is a rare complication of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). There are few cases in the literature describing strangulated CDH. However, none of them was a recurrence of a previously repaired defect nor resulted in short bowel syndrome.

The effects of perineural dexmedetomidine on the pharmacodynamic profile of femoral nerve block: a dose-finding randomised, controlled, double-blind study.

This randomised, controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of different doses of perineural dexmedetomidine on the pharmacodynamic profile of femoral nerve block in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery. Ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block was performed before general anaesthesia using 25 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% combined with normal saline in the control group, and 25 μg, 50 μg or 75 μg of dexmedetomidine in three treatment groups (n = 15 for each group).

Pitfalls in reporting sample size calculation in randomized controlled trials published in leading anaesthesia journals: a systematic review.

We have evaluated the pitfalls in reporting sample size calculation in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the 10 highest impact factor anaesthesia journals.Superiority RCTs published in 2013 were identified and checked for the basic components required for sample size calculation and replication. The difference between the reported and replicated sample size was estimated.

Feasibility and acceptability of HIV screening through the use of rapid tests by general practitioners in a Brussels area with a substantial African community.

Objectives: To assess:1) if HIV screening with rapid tests in neighbourhoods with a substantial African community is feasible and acceptable among GPs and patients; 2) HIV seroprevalence.

Methods: Multicenter prospective study with 10 trained physicians. Use of HIV standard test and INSTI Ultrarapid test.

The effect of magnesium sulphate infusion on the incidence and severity of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane anaesthesia.

This randomised, controlled, double-blind study investigated the effects of intra-operative magnesium sulphate administration on the incidence of emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy using sevoflurane anaesthesia. Seventy children were randomly allocated to receive a 30 mg.kg(-1) bolus of intravenous magnesium sulphate after induction of anaesthesia followed by a continuous infusion of 10 mg.

Traumatic pharyngeal pseudodiverticulum mimicking esophageal atresia.

Obstruction of passage of a catheter through esophagus in a newborn is mostly diagnosed as esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheo esophageal fistula (TEF). Rarely a traumatic instrumentation may produce pharyngeal or upper esophageal perforation and attempt at passage of a catheter may produce a false passage submucosally called pseudodiverticulum. Here it is present the case of a extremely premature (28 wk) and low birth weight (950 gms) newborn with traumatic laceration and pharyngeal pseudodiverticulum mimicking EA.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children with sickle cell disease.

Background: The aim of this study was to report the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children with sickle cell disease and to compare the patients who had surgery as emergency with those who were operated as routine.

Materials And Methods: A total of 72 patients (males 48, females 24) less than 14 years of age (ranging between 6 and 14 years) underwent cholecystectomy at the King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, in the last 5 years. The records of these patients were reviewed retrospectively, comparing the outcome of surgery in emergency and routine cases.

Caudal neostigmine, bupivacaine, and their combination for postoperative pain management after hypospadias surgery in children.

Unlabelled: In a randomized, double-blinded study, we examined the analgesic efficacy of caudal neostigmine, bupivacaine, or a mixture of both drugs in 60 children. After the induction of general anesthesia, children were allocated randomly into three groups (n = 20) to receive a caudal injection of either 0.25% bupivacaine 1 mL/kg, with or without neostigmine 2 micro g/kg, or neostigmine 2 micro g/kg in normal saline 1 mL/kg.

Edrophonium antagonism of cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular block: dose requirements in children and adults.

This randomized, controlled study compared edrophonium dose requirements to antagonize cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular block in children and adults. Sixty children, aged two to 10 years, and 60 adults aged 20 to 60 years, all subjects ASA physical status 1 or 2, having propofol, fentanyl and isoflurane-N2O anaesthesia, were studied. Cisatracurium 0.

Epidural ketamine reduces post-operative epidural PCA consumption of fentanyl/bupivacaine.

Purpose: To study the analgesic effect of epidural ketamine on postoperative pain and epidural PCA consumption after total abdominal hysterectomy.

Methods: Sixty-one ASA I-II patients, 34-60 yr were randomly assigned into three groups. Epidural catheters were inserted before induction of anaesthesia.