Assessment of the State of Pharmacovigilance in Secondary Hospitals in the Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria, Using WHO Pharmacovigilance Indicators.

Background: The importance of pharmacovigilance (PV) in ensuring drug safety, especially in the detection and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is critical. However, PV activities in Nigeria still face many challenges, such as very low spontaneous reporting rates, and inadequate training and funding. This study assessed the state of pharmacovigilance in the federal capital territory of Nigeria (FCT), using WHO pharmacovigilance indicators.

KNOWLEDGE AND PREDICTORS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF STANDARD PRECAUTIONS FOR INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL AMONG HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONERS.

Background: Infection prevention and control involve health care practitioners, who are saddled with the duty of ensuring implementation of standard preventive measures to prevent healthcare associated infections.

Objectives: To assess the knowledge and predictors of implementation of standard precautions for infection prevention and control among health care practitioners (HCPs).

Material And Method: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional design was employed in assessing HCPs in Uganda in from April - October 2023.

A Cross-sectional Study on Effects of University Closure Due to Industrial Disputes on Pharmacy Students.

Objective: To assess the effects of the closure of universities due to industrial disputes on pharmacy students.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among third-year to final-year pharmacy students at the University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) from July to August 2023 using a 23-item structured self-administered questionnaire. Responses were analyzed using SPSS v27.

A two-tool assessment of the quality of life of patients with breast cancer using generic and disease-specific tools in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Assessing the quality of life (QoL) of breast cancer (BC) patients using a triangulation of tools is crucial for understanding their well-being and tailoring specific interventions to improve their overall experience. The study assessed the QoL of BC patients using a combination of generic and disease-specific validated questionnaires. The study utilized a self-administered questionnaire-based cross-sectional design among BC patients attending the Oncology clinic in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Healthcare professionals' perceived stigmatization about direct care of COVID-19 Patients: development and validation of the discrimination about COVID-19 (DisCOV-19) instrument.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a public health concern worldwide. Healthcare professionals are among the most vulnerable groups in the fight against COVID-19 because they are directly involved in the care of at-risk persons and patients with Covid-19.

Objectives: This study aimed to measure the level to which healthcare workers feel that they can be discriminated due to their involvement in the direct care of COVID-19 patients.

Assessment of Academic Resilience and Its Associated Factors Among Pharmacy Students in Twelve Countries.

Objective: Academic resilience, a critical determinant of academic achievement, is affected by various factors. There is a paucity of large-scale international assessments of academic resilience among pharmacy students. Therefore, this study aimed to assess academic resilience among pharmacy students in 12 countries and to evaluate factors associated with their academic resilience levels.

Predictors of fertility awareness among selected married women of childbearing age in Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Increased fertility awareness can help infertile couples to achieve pregnancy.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine both the predictors and levels of fertility awareness among married Nigerian women of childbearing age.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey.

Assessing health-related quality of life of people with diabetes in Nigeria using the EQ-5D-5L: a cross-sectional study.

Assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with diabetes is important to evaluate treatment effectiveness and identify interventions that would be beneficial to the patients. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to assess the HRQoL of people with diabetes visiting 15 community pharmacies in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, and to identify its determinants. The English (Nigeria) version of the EQ-5D-5L was administered to 420 eligible patients between August and September 2021.

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on prescription patterns and antibiotic use: Insights from three military health facilities.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health systems globally and there are suggestions it impacted antibiotics prescribing patterns in clinical practice.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prescribing patterns in three Nigerian military health facilities and investigate the factors associated with antibiotic prescriptions.

Methods: This was a two-year cross-sectional retrospective study.

Assessment of public knowledge and attitude toward antibiotics use and resistance: a community pharmacy-based survey.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a public health challenge affecting all aspects of healthcare systems. Policies to reduce antimicrobial resistance should be implemented and monitored in community pharmacies, because they are patients' first point of care. Public awareness of relevant knowledge and attitudes on antimicrobials is a feasible strategy to mitigate the spread of antimicrobial resistance by exploiting the relationship between pharmacists and patients in the community pharmacy setting.

Effectiveness of Telepharmacy in Rural Communities in Africa: A Scoping Review.

This review examined the effectiveness of telepharmacy in rural communities in Africa to identify the barriers that hinder its implementation and integration as well as highlight the gaps in the existing research on telepharmacy. PubMed and Google Scholar search (2008-2023) was conducted using keywords related to telepharmacy, telemedicine, telehealth, and rural communities. The inclusion criteria for the review include peer-reviewed articles published in English language and studies that focus on the implementation and evaluation of telepharmacy in rural communities.

Effectiveness of educational interventions on hypertensive patients' self-management behaviours: an umbrella review protocol.

Background: Although different educational interventions have been widely used to manage and treat hypertension, alone or in combination with other interventions, there is a significant variation in their claimed effectiveness.

Review Question/objective: The objective of this umbrella review is to determine the effectiveness of educational interventions, alone or in combination with other interventions, for improving blood pressure control and self-management practices among hypertensive patients. The review question is: Do educational interventions, alone or in combination with other interventions, improve self-management practices among patients with hypertension?

Methods: We will conduct a review of systematic reviews involving studies that implemented educational interventions, alone or in combination with other interventions, designed to change self-care practices among hypertensive patients who are 18 years and above, regardless of their sex and ethnicity.

Cost-effectiveness of dolutegravir vs. efavirenz-based combined antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-naive patients in a Nigerian treatment centre.

Background: Dolutegravir (DTG) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) has largely replaced Efavirenz (EFV) based therapy as the preferred first-line regimen in the treatment of adults with HIV. This study was carried out to evaluate the comparative cost-effectiveness of DTG and EFV-based ART in HIV-infected treatment-naïve patients in a treatment centre in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study of patients initiated on DTG vs.

HIV infections averted at PEPFAR-APIN clinics in Nigeria: a ten-year retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcomes of post-exposure prophylaxis services.

Nigeria contributes a high fraction to the global burden of HIV infections. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a proven strategy to prevent transmission of the virus. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of PEP in Nigeria at four clinics funded by United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (PEPFAR-APIN): Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH) and University College Hospital (UCH).

Willingness to Pay for Clinical Pharmacy Services Among People With Diabetes in Nigerian Community Pharmacies.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess willingness to pay (WTP) for clinical pharmacy services among people with diabetes and to determine the factors affecting WTP for these services.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional exit survey of 450 people with diabetes visiting 15 community pharmacies in Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, between August and September 2021. Self-reported questionnaires were administered to eligible patients just before leaving the community pharmacy.

Factors associated with the timely completion of doctoral research studies in clinical pharmacy: A mixed-methods study.

Introduction: There is growing scientific evidence of mental and well-being issues that doctoral research students face as a result of not finishing their program on time. This study aims to explore the factors associated with the timely completion of doctoral research studies in the clinical pharmacy speciality.

Methods: This was a mixed-method study that combined surveys with in-depth interviews.

A CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACISTS' KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN TWO NIGERIAN TEACHING HOSPITALS.

Background: The pharmacological component of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services involves the provision of antiretroviral agents (ARVs) to the mothers and/or their babies at any stage of pregnancy. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Pharmacists about PMTCT.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among consenting Pharmacists at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH).

Effectiveness of a pharmacist-led educational intervention on health outcomes in hypertension management at community pharmacies in Nigeria: A two-arm parallel single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Aims: This study determined the impact of a pharmacist-led educational intervention on the health outcomes of hypertensive patients in community pharmacies.

Methods: A 2-arm parallel single-blind randomized trial design was adopted among hypertensive patients in 4 pharmacies in Abuja and Lokoja, Nigeria. A pharmacist-led educational intervention was provided to the patients in the intervention group.

Development and reliability testing of a cervical cancer patients knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related adverse events questionnaire.

Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were found to be among the major reasons for treatments delays and medication non-adherence. Knowledge and practice of self-care management of these AEs are therefore needed to complement the pharmacotherapeutic interventions. Instruments for assessing CC patients' knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related Adverse Events (AEs) are lacking.

Pharmacists' Readiness to Receive, Recommend and Administer COVID-19 Vaccines in an African Country: An Online Multiple-Practice Settings Survey in Nigeria.

Background: Without a cure, vaccination is the most reliable means of combating COVID-19 pandemic, since non-pharmacological measures could not prevent its spread, as evidenced in the emergence of a second wave. This study assessed the readiness of pharmacists to receive, recommend and administer COVID-19 vaccines to clients in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which responses were collected from pharmacists in Nigeria through Google Form link.

Community acceptance and willingness to pay for hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines in a developing country: a web-based nationwide study in Nigeria.

Introduction: some promising COVID-19 vaccines are soon to be available but getting the African community to accept them may be challenging. This study assessed the acceptability and willingness to pay (WTP) for hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines among Nigerians.

Methods: a cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among the Nigerian populace.

Pharmacy graduates' perceptions of competency, integration, and social accountability in the undergraduate curriculum of pharmacy schools in Nigeria.

Introduction: An integrated, competency-based curriculum that fosters social accountability including cultural sensitivity among graduates is an educational strategy towards producing practice-ready professionals. This study aimed to evaluate pharmacy graduates' perceptions of competency, integration, and social accountability in the undergraduate curriculum of Nigerian schools of pharmacy.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey consisting of a 42-item questionnaire was administered to 467 purposively selected pharmacy graduates who completed their undergraduate training between January 2012 and February 2020 from 20 accredited Nigerian pharmacy schools.

How do patients prefer specialized clinical pharmacy service to other prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus services? An evaluation of their willingness to pay and willingness to accept choices and ratios.

What Is Known And Objective: Donor agencies provide most of the funds for HIV services in developing countries. Due to the global economic downturn, there has been a reduction in funding for HIV-related services in Nigeria. This study compared the willingness to pay (WTP)-willingness to accept (WTA) ratios for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services to specialized clinical pharmacy services among patients of two Nigerian hospitals.

Development and validation of a questionnaire for evaluating knowledge of risk factors for teen depression among health care trainees of a Nigerian university.

Introduction: Increasing knowledge of factors predisposing individuals to depression appears to be an important preventive strategy. However, there is no validated instrument for evaluating knowledge of risk factors for depression among adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess knowledge of risk factors for teen depression.