Bioactive potency of extracts from and with silver nanoparticles against cancer cell lines and pathogenic bacteria.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are spherical particles with a number of specific and unique physical (such as surface plasmon resonance, high electrical conductivity and thermal stability) as well as chemical (including antimicrobial activity, catalytic efficiency and the ability to form conjugates with biomolecules) properties. These properties allow AgNPs to exhibit desired interactions with the biological system and make them prospective candidates for use in antibacterial and anticancer activities. AgNPs have a quenching capacity, which produces reactive oxygen species and disrupts cellular processes (such as reducing the function of the mitochondria, damaging the cell membrane, inhibiting DNA replication and altering protein synthesis).

Vagal afferent responses to cystometry in rat models of urinary bladder irritation: c-fos immunohistochemistry study.

Purpose: Although recent literature provides increasing evidence concerning urinary bladder innervation by vagal afferents, the functional aspects and the conditions at which these afferents are recruited are still unclear.

Methods: In the present study, the neuronal responses of nodose ganglion following cystometry, under different models of rat's urinary bladder irritation, cyclophosphamide (CYP), cyclophosphamide with cervical vagotomy (Vx), chronic HCl, and acute HCl, were investigated using c-fos immunohistochemistry.

Results: The c-fos expression in the nodose ganglion, following cystometry, was increased significantly in the CYP and chronic-HCl groups compared to the intact, Vx, and acute-HCl groups.

The effect of vagotomy on c-fos expression in the reticular formation areas following cystometry in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in rats.

Background: The involvement of the vagus nerve in the supraspinal neural circuits that control the urinary bladder function, especially during pathological conditions, became increasingly evident. However, the role of brainstem areas in these circuits is not studied yet.

Methods: In the present study, using c-fos immunohistochemistry, the roles of the vagus nerve to the responses of the reticular formation to cystometry in cyclophosphamide-treated rats were investigated.

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of EFEMP1 in Breast Cancer: An Immunohistochemistry Study.

EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1) has been associated to a variety of malignancies. Because EFEMP1 can act as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene, this study aimed to evaluate the expression of EFEMP1 at mRNA and protein in breast cancer and to ascertain the diagnostic and prognostic value of EFEMP1 in relation to clinical features of breast cancer. Several bioinformatics websites such as GEPIA and Oncomine databases were used to analyze the mRNA level of EFEMP1.

Correction: Fararjeh, A-F S., et al. ZBTB46, SPDEF, ETV6 Novel Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Castration Resistance Prostate Cancer. 2019, , 2802.

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...

, , and : Novel Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common killer among men in Western countries. Targeting androgen receptor (AR) signaling by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the current therapeutic regime for patients newly diagnosed with metastatic PCa. However, most patients relapse and become resistant to ADT, leading to metastatic castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) and eventually death.

Proteasome 26S Subunit, non-ATPase 3 (PSMD3) Regulates Breast Cancer by Stabilizing HER2 from Degradation.

It is well-known that human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is critical for breast cancer (BC) development and progression. Several studies have revealed the role of the ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) in cancer. In this study, we investigated the expression level of Proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 3 (PSMD3) in BC using BC cell lines, human BC tissue samples, Oncomine, and TCGA databases and studied the PSMD3-HER2 protein interaction.

Long-term exposure to extremely low-dose of nicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) induce non-malignant breast epithelial cell transformation through activation of the a9-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated signaling pathway.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide and has been associated with active tobacco smoking. Low levels of nicotine (Nic) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), have been detected in cases of second-hand smoke (SHS). However, the correlation between SHS and BC risk remains controversial.

The impact of the effectiveness of GATA3 as a prognostic factor in breast cancer.

The transcription factor GATA3 plays a significant role in mammary gland development and differentiation. We analyzed expression of GATA3 in breast cancer (BC) cell lines and clinical specimens from BC patients in Taiwan. Semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative real-time PCR were carried out to determine the mRNA level of GATA3 from 241 pairs of matched tumor and adjacent normal tissues from anonymous female donors.

Genetic screening for AZF Y chromosome microdeletions in Jordanian azoospermic infertile men.

The azoospermia factor (AZF) region of the human Y chromosome contains essential genes for spermatogenesis. Microdeletions in AZF region has been shown to cause male infertility. The aim of this investigation was to determine the frequency of AZF microdeletions in Jordanian infertile males.

Associations of variants in MTHFR and MTRR genes with male infertility in the Jordanian population.

Folate pathway is expected to play an important role in spermatogenesis since it is involved in DNA synthesis, repair and methylation. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between male infertility and the MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) polymorphisms. A group of 300 males was recruited in this study from different Jordanian infertility clinics.