Uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns among diabetic patients at st. john of god hospital, duayaw nkwanta, Ghana: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Uropathogens are microorganisms that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs). Owing to higher blood glucose levels and compromised immune functions, treatment of uropathogens in diabetic patients is a challenge.

Aim: This study aims to assess the prevalence of uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility among diabetic patients at St.

Joint modeling of longitudinal CD4 count data and time to first occurrence of composite outcome.

In this study, we jointly modeled longitudinal CD4 count data and survival outcome (time-to-first occurrence of composite outcome of death, cardiac tamponade or constriction) in other to investigate the effects of and the CD4 count measurements on the hazard of the composite outcome among patients with HIV and tuberculous (TB) pericarditis. In this joint modeling framework, the models for longitudinal and the survival data are linked by an association structure. The association structure represents the hazard of the event for 1-unit increase in the longitudinal measurement.

Assessing body mass index stages, individual diabetes and hypertension history effects on the risk of developing hypertension among Ghanaians: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to understand the relationship between body mass index (BMI), diabetes and hypertension history, and other risk of hypertension among Ghanaians.

Methods: The BMI data are categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition. The data were obtained from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO SAGE) Ghana Wave 2.

Mixed effects logistic regression analysis of blood pressure among Ghanaians and associated risk factors.

Blood pressure (BP) control is a global health issue with an increase in BP beyond the normal BP leading to different stages of hypertension in humans and hence the need to identify risk factors of BP for efficient and effective control. Multiple BP measurement have proven to provide BP readings close to the true BP status of the individual. In this study, we used multiple BP measurement data on 3809 Ghanaians to determine risk factors associated with BP.

Spatio-temporal characteristics of Tuberculosis in Ghana.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a key contributor to global mortality; ranks second as the most fatal infectious disease and seventh among the top ten causes of death in Ghana. There is insufficient literature regarding the utilization of Bayesian hierarchical models for examining the spatial and spatio-temporal dynamics of tuberculosis risk in Ghana.

Aim: This study addresses this gap by determining TB hotspots regions in Ghana using the Bayesian modeling framework.

Bayesian spatio-temporal modelling and mapping of malaria and anaemia among children between 0 and 59 months in Nigeria.

Background/m&m: A vital aspect of disease management and policy making lies in the understanding of the universal distribution of diseases. Nevertheless, due to differences all-over host groups and space-time outbreak activities, data are subject to intricacies. Herein, Bayesian spatio-temporal models were proposed to model and map malaria and anaemia risk ratio in space and time as well as to ascertain risk factors related to these diseases and the most endemic states in Nigeria.

Spatial variation and risk factors of malaria and anaemia among children aged 0 to 59 months: a cross-sectional study of 2010 and 2015 datasets.

Malaria and anaemia are common diseases that affect children, particularly in Africa. Studies on the risk associated with these diseases and their synergy are scanty. This work aims to study the spatial pattern of malaria and anaemia in Nigeria and adjust for their risk factors using separate models for malaria and anaemia.

A predictive model for daily cumulative COVID-19 cases in Ghana.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that has affected the daily life, governments and economies of many countries all over the globe. Ghana is currently experiencing a surge in the number of cases with a corresponding increase in the cumulative confirmed cases and deaths. The surge in cases and deaths clearly shows that the preventive and management measures are ineffective and that policy makers lack a complete understanding of the dynamics of the disease.

Frequentist and Bayesian Regression Approaches for Determining Risk Factors of Child Mortality in Ghana.

Background: Child mortality is a global health problem. The United Nations' 2018 report on levels and trends on child mortality indicated that under-five mortality is one of the major public health problems in Ghana with a rate of 60 deaths per 1000 live births. To further mitigate this problem, it is important to identify the drivers of under-five mortality in order to achieve the United Nations SDG Goal 3 target 2.

Factors That Determine the Likelihood of Giving Birth to the First Child within 10 Months after Marriage.

Background: One of the major aims of marriage is to procreate or give birth to a child. Childbirth is so crucial in marriage that it often determines the happiness of the couple. Too much delay in childbirth after marriage or the likelihood that one cannot give birth after marriage can lead to divorce.

Sensitivity analysis for the generalized shared-parameter model framework.

In this paper, we assess the effect of tuberculosis pericarditis treatment (prednisolone) on CD4 count changes over time and draw inferences in the presence of missing data. We accounted for the missing data and performed sensitivity analyses to assess robustness of inferences, from a model that assumes that the data are missing at random, to models that assume that the data are not missing at random. Our sensitivity approaches are within the shared-parameter model framework.

An application of a pattern-mixture model with multiple imputation for the analysis of longitudinal trials with protocol deviations.

Background: The benefit of a given treatment can be evaluated via a randomized clinical trial design. However, protocol deviations may severely compromise treatment effect since such deviations often lead to missing values. The assumption that methods of analysis can account for the missing data cannot be justified and hence methods of analysis based on plausible assumptions should be used.