Crude aqueous extract with quorum sensing inhibitory activity can increase the susceptibility of multidrug resistant to antimicrobials.

Background: Suppression of quorum sensing (QS) that regulates many virulence factors, including antimicrobial resistance, in bacteria may subject the pathogenic microbes to the harmful consequences of the antibiotics, increasing their susceptibility to such drugs.

Aim: The current study aimed to make an aqueous crude extract from the soil isolate with the use of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique for its analysis, and then, study the impact of the extract on clinical isolates of

Methods: Preparation of crude extracts from (both organic and aqueous), which were then analyzed by GC-MS to detect the bioactive ingredients. Furthermore, the extract's capability to interfere with both the expression of the QS of and its antibacterial resistance was examined.

Hypolipidaemic and anti-oxidative potential of encapsulated herb (Terminalia arjuna) added vanilla chocolate milk in high cholesterol fed rats.

Background: Atherosclerosis is associated with coronary artery disease and occurs in developing as well as developed countries. In the present investigation, hypolipidaemic and anti-oxidative properties of encapsulated herb (Terminalia arjuna, 1.8%) added vanilla chocolate dairy drink was evaluated in high cholesterol fed Wistar rats for 60 days.

How useful are medication patient information leaflets to older adults? A content, readability and layout analysis.

Background: Patient information leaflets (PILs) are the most important information source for older patients to effectively manage their drug therapy.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the appropriateness of current available PILs for use by older adults.

Methods: The content of the PILs were assessed by checking the availability of information relevant to older patients including pharmacokinetics, safety and dose instructions.

Biochemical studies on the age-related toxicity of galactosamine in primary rat hepatocyte cultures.

Galactosamine (GalN) induces liver injury by depletion of uracil nucleotides. The objectives of this study were to investigate the age-related hepatotoxicity of GalN and to find out the mechanism(s) governing this toxicity in primary rat hepatocyte cultures. Hepatocyte cultures were established from foetal (day 20 of gestation), neonatal (3-day), adult (5-month) and aged (30-month) rat livers, and were exposed to 5 mm-GalN 24 hr after seeding.

Ongoing hepatocellular regeneration and resiliency toward galactosamine hepatotoxicity.

In previous studies, we reported that the age-dependent hepatotoxicity of galactosamine (GalN) was evident in hepatocytes maintained in primary cultures. Cellular proliferation and tissue repair are not manifested in response to injury in this in vitro system. Neonatal (5-day) rats have ongoing hepatocellular proliferation in contrast to adult (5-month) rats, and should be therefore resilient to GalN toxicity.

Studies on the age-dependent effects of galactosamine in primary rat hepatocyte cultures.

Galactosamine (GalN) has been known to induce liver injury by depletion of uracil nucleotides. The objective of the present work was to examine age-dependent toxicity of GalN in primary hepatocyte cultures. Hepatocytes from fetal (Day 20 of gestation), neonatal (2.