Phosphorus recovery from source-diverted blackwater through struvite precipitation.

Phosphorus recovery from wastewater through struvite precipitation is becoming a promising strategy to both mitigate eutrophication risk due to excess phosphorus discharge into water bodies and alleviate the global phosphorus crisis by producing value-added fertilizer. However, the composition and quality of wastewater differ among regions and home to home. Source-diverted blackwater, especially concentrated blackwater collected from vacuum toilet systems, typically has a moderate phosphate-phosphorus (PO-P) content, high ammonia-nitrogen (NH-N) content, strong buffering capacity as a result of high alkalinity, and a high pH close to 9.