Expression and biochemical characterization of a novel thermostable alkaline β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (lichenase) from an alkaliphilic Bacillus lehensis G1.

New thermostable β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (lichenase) designated as Blg29 was expressed and purified from a locally isolated alkaliphilic bacteria Bacillus lehensis G1. The genome sequence of B. lehensis predicted an open reading frame of Blg29 with a deduced of 249 amino acids and a molecular weight of 28.

Effects of electrospun nanofiber fabrications on immobilization of recombinant Escherichia coli for production of xylitol from glucose.

A suitable nanofiber sheet was formulated and developed based on its efficacy in the immobilization of recombinant Escherichia coli (E. coli) to enhance xylitol production. The effects of different types of nanofibers and solvents on cell immobilization and xylitol production were studied.

Draft Genome Sequence of the Drought-Tolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Bacillus altitudinis UKM RB11, Isolated from Upland Paddy Rhizosphere.

Asia's paddy areas endure tropical and equatorial monsoon climates and are prone to drought stress. The drought-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) strain Bacillus altitudinis UKM RB11 was isolated from upland paddy soil in Malaysia. Its 3.

Characterization of Inducible HSP70 Genes in an Antarctic Yeast, PI12, in Response to Thermal Stress.

The induction of highly conserved heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is often related to a cellular response due to harmful stress or adverse life conditions. In this study, we determined the expression of genes in the Antarctic yeast, , under different several thermal treatments for several exposure periods. The main aims of the present study were (1) to determine if stress-induced could be used to monitor the exposure of the yeast species to various types of thermal stress; (2) to analyze the structures of the HSP70 proteins using comparative modeling; and (3) to evaluate the relationship between the function and structure of HSP70 in .

Efficient substrate accessibility of cross-linked levanase aggregates using dialdehyde starch as a macromolecular cross-linker.

Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) are influenced by mass diffusion limitations such as the degree of molecular cross-linking attained, which affects substrate accessibility. Thus, this study seeks to improve substrate accessibility using macromolecular cross-linkers in cross-linked levanase aggregates (CLLAs) formation for levan-type fructooligosaccharides (L-FOS) production. Dialdehyde starch-tapioca (DAST) was successfully developed and used to cross-link levanase to form CLLAs-D and with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form CLLAs-DB which showed activity recoveries of 65.

Metagenomic datasets of air samples collected during episodes of severe smoke-haze in Malaysia.

Transboundary emissions of smoke-haze from land and forest fires have recurred annually during the dry period (June to October, over the past few decades) in South East Asia. Hazardous air quality has been recorded in Malaysia during these episodes. Agricultural practices such as slash-and-burn of biomass and peat fires particularly in Sumatera and Kalimantan, Indonesia, have been implicated as the major causes of the haze.

Characterisation and Mutagenesis Study of An Alternative Sigma Factor Gene () from Reveal Its Central Role in Papaya Dieback Disease.

The alternative sigma (σ) factor E, RpoE or HrpL, has been reported to be involved in stress- and pathogenicity-related transcription initiation in and many other Gram-negative bacteria, including spp. and spp. A previous study identified the / transcript as one of the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during early infection in papaya and those data serve as the basis of the current project.

Functional characterisation and product specificity of Endo-β-1,3-glucanase from alkalophilic bacterium, Bacillus lehensis G1.

Endo-β-1,3-glucanase from alkalophilic bacterium, Bacillus lehensis G1 (Blg32) composed of 284 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 31.6 kDa is expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Herein, Blg32 characteristics, substrates and product specificity as well as structural traits that might be involved in the production of sugar molecules are analysed.

Early nodulin 93 protein gene: essential for induction of somatic embryogenesis in oil palm.

Transcript profiling during the early induction phase of oil palm tissue culture and RNAi studies in a model somatic embryogenesis system showed that EgENOD93 expression is essential for somatic embryogenesis. Micropropagation of oil palm through tissue culture is vital for the generation of superior and uniform elite planting materials. Studies were carried out to identify genes to distinguish between leaf explants with the potential to develop into embryogenic or non-embryogenic callus.

Novel cross-linked enzyme aggregates of levanase from Bacillus lehensis G1 for short-chain fructooligosaccharides synthesis: Developmental, physicochemical, kinetic and thermodynamic properties.

Short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOSs) can be produced from the levan hydrolysis using levanase. Levanase from Bacillus lehensis G1 (rlevblg1) is an enzyme that specifically converts levan to scFOSs. However, the use of free levanase presents a lack of stability and reusability, thus hindering the synthesis of scFOSs for continuous reactions.

Structural and functional insights into TRiC chaperonin from a psychrophilic yeast, Glaciozyma antarctica.

Studies on TCP1-1 ring complex (TRiC) chaperonin have shown its indispensable role in folding cytosolic proteins in eukaryotes. In a psychrophilic organism, extreme cold temperature creates a low-energy environment that potentially causes protein denaturation with loss of activity. We hypothesized that TRiC may undergo evolution in terms of its structural molecular adaptation in order to facilitate protein folding in low-energy environment.

transcriptome resources of the lichens, sp. UKM-J1 and UKM-K1 collected from Jerantut and Klang, Malaysia.

Lichen is a symbiotic organism that exists as a single composite body consisting of a mycobiont (fungus) and a photobiont (algae or a cyanobacterium). Many lichen species are considered as extremophiles due to their tolerance to radiation, desiccation, temperature and pollution. However, not all lichen species are tolerant to harsh environmental conditions as several species are sensitive for example to nitrogen, sulphur, acidity, heavy metals, halogens ( fluoride) and ozone.

Unravelling the adaptation strategies employed by Glaciozyma antarctica PI12 on Antarctic sea ice.

Glaciozyma antarctica PI12, is a psychrophilic yeast isolated from Antarctic sea. In this work, Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) from cells exposed to three different temperatures; 15 °C, 0 °C and -12 °C were generated to identify genes associated with cold adaptation. A total of 5376 clones from each library were randomly picked and sequenced.

The Glaciozyma antarctica genome reveals an array of systems that provide sustained responses towards temperature variations in a persistently cold habitat.

Extremely low temperatures present various challenges to life that include ice formation and effects on metabolic capacity. Psyhcrophilic microorganisms typically have an array of mechanisms to enable survival in cold temperatures. In this study, we sequenced and analysed the genome of a psychrophilic yeast isolated in the Antarctic region, Glaciozyma antarctica.

Cloning, Production and Characterization of a Glycoside Hydrolase Family 7 Enzyme from the Gut Microbiota of the Termite Coptotermes curvignathus.

Coptotermes curvignathus is a termite that, owing to its ability to digest living trees, serves as a gold mine for robust industrial enzymes. This unique characteristic reflects the presence of very efficient hydrolytic enzyme systems including cellulases. Transcriptomic analyses of the gut of C.

Expression and characterization of a cellobiohydrolase (CBH7B) from the thermophilic fungus Thielavia terrestris in Pichia pastoris.

The gene encoding a cellobiohydrolase 7B (CBH7B) of the thermophilic fungus Thielavia terrestris was identified, subcloned, and expressed in Pichia pastoris. CBH7B encoded 455 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 51.8 kDa.

Evaluation of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR in oil palm elite planting materials propagated by tissue culture.

Background: The somatic embryogenesis tissue culture process has been utilized to propagate high yielding oil palm. Due to the low callogenesis and embryogenesis rates, molecular studies were initiated to identify genes regulating the process, and their expression levels are usually quantified using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). With the recent release of oil palm genome sequences, it is crucial to establish a proper strategy for gene analysis using RT-qPCR.

Development of a pyrG mutant of Aspergillus oryzae strain S1 as a host for the production of heterologous proteins.

The ease with which auxotrophic strains and genes that complement them can be manipulated, as well as the stability of auxotrophic selection systems, are amongst the advantages of using auxotrophic markers to produce heterologous proteins. Most auxotrophic markers in Aspergillus oryzae originate from chemical or physical mutagenesis that may yield undesirable mutations along with the mutation of interest. An auxotrophic A.

Efficient removal of lignin with the maintenance of hemicellulose from kenaf by two-stage pretreatment process.

The enhancement of lignocellulose hydrolysis using enzyme complexes requires an efficient pretreatment process to obtain susceptible conditions for the enzyme attack. This study focuses on removing a major part of the lignin layer from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) while simultaneously maintaining most of the hemicellulose. A two-stage pretreatment process is adopted using calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂, and peracetic acid, PPA, to break the recalcitrant lignin layer from other structural polysaccharides.

Thermal stability engineering of Glomerella cingulata cutinase.

Cutinase has been ascertained as a biocatalyst for biotechnological and industrial bioprocesses. The Glomerella cingulata cutinase was genetically modified to enhance its enzymatic performance to fulfill industrial requirements. Two sites were selected for mutagenesis with the aim of altering the surface electrostatics as well as removing a potentially deamidation-prone asparagine residue.