Prolonged exposure to insulin might cause epigenetic alteration leading to insulin resistance.

Glucose homeostasis is maintained by insulin. Insulin resistance is caused by multiple factors including hereditary factors and diet. The molecular mechanism underlying insulin resistance (IR) is not completely understood.

Incidental Prostate Cancer: A 23-Year Review Of A Tertiary Care Hospital.

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men worldwide. The prevalence has been increasing with significant differences between regions. This study assesses the prevalence of incidental prostate cancer detected in specimens removed during bladder outlet obstruction operation.

The panda-derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BSG201683 improves LPS-induced intestinal inflammation and epithelial barrier disruption in vitro.

Captive pandas are suffering from intestinal infection due to intestinal microbiota characterized by a high abundance of Enterobacteriaceae induced by long-term captivity. Probiotic supplements showed improvement in intestinal barrier function and inflammation. However, the effects of panda-derived probiotics on the intestinal epithelium and inflammation have not been elucidated.

A rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism-Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS) is a rare disorder of defective sexual development in males. It is characterized by aberrant synthesis or inadequate action of Mullerian inhibiting factor resulting in derivatives of Mullerian duct, i.e.

Surface Display of type 2 antigen protein cap on the spores of : An effective mucosal vaccine candidate.

The oral mucosal vaccine has great potential in preventing a series of diseases caused by porcine circovirus type 2 () infection. This study constructed a recombinant Bacillus subtilis RB with Capsid protein () on its spore surface and as a fusion partner. The immune properties of the recombinant strain were evaluated in a mouse model.

Dietary Probiotic Supplementation Suppresses Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens in a Microbiota-Dependent Manner.

Background: Chicken meat is one of the most consumed meats worldwide and poultry production is increasing at an exponential rate. Reducing antibiotic usage has resulted in the recurrence of subclinical necrotic enteritis again and influenced global poultry production. Probiotics are potential antibiotic substitutes that can be used to prevent subclinical necrotic enteriti.

E-learning in postgraduate urology training: A Covid-19 pandemic experience.

Since the declaration of the Covid-19 pandemic in March 2020, several teaching institutions started the process of adjusting to the new challenge. Medical education could not be imparted the way it used to be and some new methods had to be taken to adapt to the pandemic. At our institute, an online e-teaching approach was adopted to ensure the continuation of post-graduate medical training.

Effects of Bacillus methylotrophicus SY200 Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, Intestinal Morphology, and Immune Function in Broiler Chickens.

The present study was focused on evaluating the effects of Bacillus methylotrophicus SY200 in broiler production. A total of 120 healthy 7-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments, which included basal diet supplemented with 0%, 0.10%, 0.

The Panda-Derived G201683 Alleviates the Inflammatory Response in DSS-Induced Panda Microbiota-Associated Mice.

Intestinal diseases are one of the main causes of captive giant panda death. Their special dietary habits and gastrointestinal tract structure often lead to intestinal epithelium damage and secondary intestinal infection. The captive giant panda is predisposed to suffer from microbiota dysbiosis due to long-term artificial feeding and antibiotic misuse.

Silicone Elastomer Composites Fabricated with MgO and MgO-Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Improved Thermal Conductivity.

The effect of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and magnesium oxide (MgO) on the thermal conductivity of MWCNTs and MgO-reinforced silicone rubber was studied. The increment of thermal conductivity was found to be linear with respect to increased loading of MgO. In order to improve the thermal transportation of phonons 0.

A versatile tRNA modification-sensitive northern blot method with enhanced performance.

The 22 mitochondrial and ∼45 cytosolic tRNAs in human cells contain several dozen different post-transcriptional modified nucleotides such that each carries a unique constellation that complements its function. Many tRNA modifications are linked to altered gene expression, and deficiencies due to mutations in tRNA modification enzymes (TMEs) are responsible for numerous diseases. Easily accessible methods to detect tRNA hypomodifications can facilitate progress in advancing such molecular studies.

Antecedents of sustainable e-waste disposal behavior: the moderating role of gender.

This study presents an integrative sustainable e-waste model, drawing on organismic integration theory and gender schema theory. E-waste behavior has attracted considerable attention in the cleaner production literature in recent years. However, there is growing debate, and little research has been conducted in developing countries, especially Pakistan, to investigate the motivational factors influencing sustainable e-waste behavior.

Compound Probiotics Improve Body Growth Performance by Enhancing Intestinal Development of Broilers with Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis.

The aim of this study is to explore whether or not the combined application of BS15 and H2 is capable to have a more effective control effect on SNE in broilers. A total of 240 1-day-old female chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups: (a) basal diet in negative control group (NC group); (b) basal diet + SNE infection (coccidiosis vaccine + CP) (PC group); (c) basal diet + SNE infection + H2 pre-treatment (BT group); (d) basal diet + SNE infection + BS15 pre-treatment (LT group); and (e) basal diet + SNE infection + H2 pre-treatment + BS15 pre-treatment (MT group). The results showed the MT group had the most positive effect on inhibiting the negative effect of growth performance at 42 days of age.

Outcomes of Transurethral Resection of Prostate in Patients with and without Renal Failure Secondary to an Enlarged Prostate.

The natural history of benign enlargement of the prostate is variable and ranges from mild symptoms to chronic retention and renal failure. In this study, the outcomes of patients with urinary retention alone were compared with those of chronic retention and renal failure caused by an enlarged prostate. The first group had 79, while the second group had 20 patients included.

Type 3 secretion system 1 of Salmonella typhimurium and its inhibitors: a novel strategy to combat salmonellosis.

Unsuccessful vaccination against Salmonella due to a large number of serovars, and antibiotic resistance, necessitates the development of novel therapeutics to treat salmonellosis. The development of anti-virulence agents against multi-drug-resistant bacteria is a novel strategy because of its non-bacterial feature. Hence, a thorough study of the type three secretion system (T3SS) of Salmonella would help us better understand its role in bacterial pathogenesis and development of anti-virulence agents.

Probiotic alleviate fluoride-induced memory impairment by reconstructing gut microbiota in mice.

Fluoride which is widespread in our environment and food due to its geological origin and industrial pollution has been identified as a developmental neurotoxicant. Gut-brain axis provides new insight into brain-derived injury. We previously found the psychoactive effects of a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 against fluoride-induced memory dysfunction in mice by modulating the gut-brain axis.

Probiotics and MicroRNA: Their Roles in the Host-Microbe Interactions.

Probiotics are widely accepted to be beneficial for the maintenance of the gut homeostasis - the dynamic and healthy interactions between host and gut microorganisms. In addition, emerging as a key molecule of inter-domain communication, microRNAs (miRNAs) can also mediate the host-microbe interactions. However, a comprehensive description and summary of the association between miRNAs and probiotics have not been reported yet.

Pretreatment with probiotics ameliorate gut health and necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens, a substitute to antibiotics.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is being considered as one of the most important intestinal diseases in the recent poultry production systems, which causes huge economic losses globally. NE is caused by Clostridium perfringens, a pathogenic bacterium, and normal resident of the intestinal microflora of healthy broiler chickens. Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chicken is considered as the most integral part of pathogen's entrance, their production and disease prevention.

Lactobacillus plantarum BSGP201683 Improves the Intestinal Barrier of Giant Panda Microbiota-Associated Mouse Infected by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88.

Giant pandas often suffered from gastrointestinal disease, especially the captive sub-adult one. Our study aims to investigate whether L. plantarum G83, a good panda-derived probiotic, can improve the intestinal barrier against the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (E.

BS15 improves intestinal environment against fluoride-induced memory impairment in mice-a study based on the gut-brain axis hypothesis.

Background: Excessive fluoride can lead to chronic neurodegeneration characterized by neuron and myelin loss and memory dysfunction. The gut-brain axis hypothesis suggests that gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating brain function. Thus, using probiotics to adjust the gut microenvironment may be a potential therapy for mental diseases.

Analysis of miRNA Expression in the Ileum of Broiler Chickens During Bacillus licheniformis H2 Supplementation Against Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis.

Subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE) is one of the serious threats to the poultry industry. Probiotics have been proven to exert beneficial effects in controlling SNE. However, their exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Screening of immune-related differentially expressed genes from primary lymphatic organs of broilers fed with probiotic bacillus cereus PAS38 based on suppression subtractive hybridization.

To explore the molecular mechanism of the effect of Bacillus cereus PAS38 on the immunity of broilers, sixty 7-day-old broilers were divided into two groups with three replicates. The control group was fed with basal diet, and the treatment group was fed with basal diet containing Bacillus cereus PAS38 1×106 CFU/g. Thymus and bursa of fabricius were taken from two groups of broilers at the age of 42 days, total RNA was extracted, differential gene library was constructed by SSH technology, and immune-related differential genes were screened.

Targeting mitochondrial and cytosolic substrates of TRIT1 isopentenyltransferase: Specificity determinants and tRNA-i6A37 profiles.

The tRNA isopentenyltransferases (IPTases), which add an isopentenyl group to N6 of A37 (i6A37) of certain tRNAs, are among a minority of enzymes that modify cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Pathogenic mutations to the human IPTase, TRIT1, that decrease i6A37 levels, cause mitochondrial insufficiency that leads to neurodevelopmental disease. We show that TRIT1 encodes an amino-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) that directs mitochondrial import and modification of mitochondrial-tRNAs.

Translation of insulin granule proteins are regulated by PDI and PABP.

Glucose mediated insulin biosynthesis is tightly regulated and shared between insulin granule proteins such as its processing enzymes, prohormone convertases, PC1/3 and PC2. However, the molecular players involved in the co-ordinated translation remain elusive. The trans-acting factors like PABP (Poly A Binding Protein) and PDI (Protein Disulphide Isomerize) binds to a conserved sequence in the 5'UTR of insulin mRNA and regulates its translation.

Bacillus strains improve growth performance via enhancing digestive function and anti-disease ability in young and weaning rex rabbits.

Numerous studies have shown that probiotic Bacillus could promote growth and enhance anti-disease ability in animal. In present study, the mixture of three Bacillus strains, which were isolated from rex rabbits and showed high cellulose, protease, and amylase activities, was added into the diet for investigating its effects on young and weaning rex rabbits. For experiment 1, 40 young rex rabbits (9 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups and fed with diets containing 0 (NC), 1.