Immunohistochemical Expression Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in Different Types Of Breast Carcinoma And Its Comparison With ER/PER and HER2/neu.

Background: Breast cancer is a complex disease that comprises of various biological sub-types with different natural history. Matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) expression has been reported to inversely correlate with the survival. The current study was conducted to classify breast cancer into four subtypes based on IHC, to assess the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-1 in primary breast carcinoma, to compare its expression with ER/PR and HER2/neu.

Expression of Bcl-2 in Primary and Recurrent Odontogenic Keratocysts in Comparison with Other Odontogenic Lesions.

Purpose: To determine the biological behaviour of common odontogenic cystic lesions by analysing and comparing bcl-2 expression amongst them.

Materials And Methods: Our study covered 90 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples: 26 primary cases each of radicular cysts (RC), dentigerous cysts (DC) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and 12 of recurrent OKCs. Bcl-2 expression was analysed immunohistochemically and data analysis was accomplished using SPSS version 17.

Clinicopathological evaluation of odontogenic tumours in Pakistan - a seven years retrospective study.

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyse the clinicopathological spectrum of benign and malignant odontogenic tumours (OT) in Pakistan.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi. Seven years archival records of histologically diagnosed odontogenic tumours, both benign and malignant, were collected and the lesions re-diagnosed histologically in accordance with the WHO classification of head and neck tumours (2005).

Xeroderma Pigmentosum - a disfiguring disease: Single patient with 5 simultaneous tumors on face.

Xeroderma pigmentosum is an uncommon inherited autosomal recessive disorder. Affected patients have a 2000-fold amplified risk of skin cancer. There is an inability to repair the damage to genetic material caused by ultraviolet light.

Angiogenesis and mast cell density as predictors of patient survival in squamous cell carcinoma of lung.

Background: Measuring the microvascular and mast cell density in squamous cell carcinoma of lung and correlating them with the patient survival may be helpful to guide the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents which target molecular mechanisms of tumour angiogenesis and mast cells.

Materials And Methods: It was an observational study. It included 39 newly diagnosed, adult patients of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma.

The role of mast cells and angiogenesis in well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Neo-vascularization is vital for an expansion and metastasis of a tumor and is influenced by a number of mediators. Mast cells are believed to release many pro-angiogenic mediators that may help in tumor expansion and invasion. This study describes the role of mast cells and angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Association of immunohistochemically defined molecular subtypes with clinical response to presurgical chemotherapy in patients with advanced breast cancer.

Gene expression profiling (GEP) has identified several molecular subtypes of breast cancer, with different clinico-pathologic features and exhibiting different responses to chemotherapy. However, GEP is expensive and not available in the developing countries where the majority of patients present at advanced stage. The St Gallen Consensus in 2011 proposed use of a simplified, four immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarker panel (ER, PR, HER2, Ki67/Tumor Grade) for molecular classification.

Morphological evaluation of colorectal carcinoma with grading staging and histological types.

Objective: To evaluate the morphology, grading and staging of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to assess the relationship between these parameters.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Departments of Pathology, University of Health Sciences and Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore, Pakistan, over a period of one year. The study consisted of 100 colectomy/hemicolectomy specimens, received fixed in 10% formalin.

The reno-protective effect of aqueous extract of Carum carvi (black zeera) seeds in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rodents.

To assess the effect of aqueous extract of Carum carvi seeds in experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rodents, we studied 48 adult male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups: normal controls (group A), diabetes positive control (group B), and experimental (groups C and D). They received Carum carvi extract as a renoprotective agent. Rats having fasting blood glucose levels over 280 mg/dL were included in this study.