Intravitreal melatonin for the prevention of radiation retinopathy: a step beyond bevacizumab.

Purpose: Intravitreal bevacizumab has been utilized to mitigate radiation retinopathy, yet the potential role of intravitreal melatonin for its prevention remains unexplored. This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of intravitreal melatonin and bevacizumab in preventing radiation retinopathy in an experimental animal model.

Materials And Methods: Twelve healthy male New Zealand white rabbits ( = 24 eyes) received a single 3000 cGy irradiation dose in both eyes.

Nde1 Promotes Lis1 Binding to Full-Length Autoinhibited Human Dynein-1.

Cytoplasmic dynein-1 (dynein) is the primary motor for the retrograde transport of intracellular cargoes along microtubules. The activation of the dynein transport machinery requires the opening of its autoinhibited Phi conformation by Lis1 and Nde1/Ndel1, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Using biochemical reconstitution and cryo-electron microscopy, we show that Nde1 significantly enhances Lis1 binding to autoinhibited dynein and facilitates the opening of Phi.

An optimized plasmalogen modulating dietary supplement provides greater protection in a male than female mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy.

We previously reported that plasmalogens, a class of phospholipids, were decreased in a setting of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Plasmalogen levels can be modulated via a dietary supplement called alkylglycerols (AG) which has demonstrated benefits in some disease settings. However, its therapeutic potential in DCM remained unknown.

Comparing the clinical efficacy of preganglionic and preganglionic plus ganglionic transforaminal epidural steroid injections for lumbosacral radicular pain.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of preganglionic transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) with preganglionic plus postganglionic TFESI.

Methods: Patients with unilateral radicular pain and disc pathology were randomly assigned to either the preganglionic group or the preganglionic plus postganglionic group. All patients were evaluated using a numeric rating scale (NRS) and a patient satisfaction scale (PSS) at the third week and the third month after treatment.

A thorny tale: The origin and diversification of Cirsium (Compositae).

Widely distributed plant genera offer insights into biogeographic processes and biodiversity. The Carduus-Cirsium group, with over 600 species in eight genera, is diverse across the Holarctic regions, especially in the Mediterranean Basin, Southwest Asia, Japan, and North America. Despite this diversity, evolutionary and biogeographic processes within the group, particularly for the genus Cirsium, remain underexplored.

Prognostic Impact of Sarcopenic Obesity on Postoperative Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Sarcopenic obesity is a condition in which the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity may have unfavorable prognostic implications in cancer. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effects of sarcopenic obesity on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. A systematic literature search was conducted in the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for articles up to February 8, 2024.

Recovery of Myocardial Functions After Kidney Transplantation in Patients with Heart Failure Due to Uremic Cardiomyopathy.

Objective: Although left ventricular hypertrophy frequently accompanies end-stage renal disease, heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) is also observed in a subset of patients. In those patients kidney transplantation (KT) is generally avoided due to an increased risk of mortality in addition to the risks associated with HF. This prospective study was designed to follow patients with HF who were being prepared for KT.

Factors Affecting the Length of Hospital Stay in Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure.

Hypercapnic respiratory failure (HRF) is a primary cause of admittance to the intensive care unit (ICU). This study aimed to investigate the factors that affect the length of hospital stay in HRF patients. This study was designed as a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of patients who were admitted to the ICU because of HRF between 2022 and 2024.

A new approach for detecting HPV DNA in cervical swabs: comparison of nucleic acid extraction with direct PCR.

Background: Almost all cases of cervical cancer are associated with persistent high-risk HPV infection. WHO prioritizes primary HPV testing for cervical cancer screening. Cervical cancer screening programs require the ability to process a large number of samples in a simple and standardized manner and obtain reliable results.

Tracheal tuft cells release ATP and link innate to adaptive immunity in pneumonia.

Tracheal tuft cells shape immune responses in the airways. While some of these effects have been attributed to differential release of either acetylcholine, leukotriene C4 and/or interleukin-25 depending on the activating stimuli, tuft cell-dependent mechanisms underlying the recruitment and activation of immune cells are incompletely understood. Here we show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection activates mouse tuft cells, which release ATP via pannexin 1 channels.

CXCL13 levels in cerebrospinal fluid in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: The role of Borrelia in neuroinfections.

Background Objectives: This study was compared the Borrelia antibodies and chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from cases diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), and pseudotumour cerebri (PTC).

Methods: A total of 43 CSF samples were collected from patients diagnosed with RRMS, RIS and PTC. We prospectively investigated Borrelia IgG and IgM antibodies in the CSF samples of the cases by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) method, and CXCL13 levels by ELISA.

Evaluation of medicine use behaviors of adult patients in a rural area: A cross-sectional study from Turkey.

Background/purpose: This study aimed to determine the medicine usage behaviors of patients (>65 years) registered to the family health care center (FHCC) in a rural area.

Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed on 224 geriatric patients admitted to the FHCC in Terme town of Samsun between January 2018 and March 2018. The questionnaire consisting of 29 questions about sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of drugs, and usage habits was applied to the participants by using the face-to-face interview technique.

Recruitment, follow-up and survival in an 11-country cohort study of patients at the end of life and their relatives.

Background: Large, international cohort studies generate high-level evidence, but are resource intense. In end-of-life care such studies are scarce. Hence, planning for future studies in terms of data on screening, recruitment, retention and survival remains a challenge.

Trends in prescribing montelukast in patients with asthma in real-life: Results from the Turkish adult asthma registry.

Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) approved for the treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis, is widely used, though real-world data on its application in asthma management remain limited. This registry-based study evaluated the use of montelukast in adult asthma patients, examining demographic and disease characteristics, asthma control status, asthma phenotypes, presence of atopy, and treatment regimens. Among 2053 patients analyzed, 61.

Synthesis, characterization, and investigation of photochemical and in vitro properties of novel Zn(II) phthalocyanine.

A new nonperipheral zinc(II) phthalocyanine bearing octa carboxylic acid ethyl ester derivative substituted triazole attached propylmercaptothiobenzylmercapto derivative was synthesized via the tetramerization reaction of phthalonitrile. The photochemical in vitro photodynamic activity of zinc(II) phthalocyanine (), such as human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma cell lines, was investigated in this study. The singlet oxygen generation property of novel zinc(II) phthalocyanine () was also examined due to the significantly high singlet oxygen quantum yield of (F = 0.

Comparison of survival between unilateral and bilateral breast cancers using propensity score matching: a retrospective single-center analysis.

Purpose: The characteristics of patients with bilateral and unilateral breast cancer at the time of diagnosis or during follow-up have been compared, focusing on the differences in disease-free survival and overall survival between these groups.

Methods: A total of 1,947 patients diagnosed with invasive carcinoma were included in the study. 1876 ​​(96.

miR-21 and cathepsin B in familial Mediterranean fever: novel findings regarding their impact on disease severity.

Objective: The limited predictive effect of genotype on familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) phenotype suggests that epigenetic factors and alternative mechanisms that may cause IL-1β release could contribute to phenotypic heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to examine the role of IL-1β levels and miR-21-5p, cathepsin B and pyrin levels, which were identified as potential factors causing IL-1β release through the use of bioinformatics tools, in the pathogenesis of FMF and their relationship with disease severity.

Materials And Methods: 50 paediatric patients with FMF and 40 healthy children were enrolled in this study.

Parents' perspective on unplanned return visits to the pediatric emergency department: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors leading to more than one time visit to the pediatric emergency department within 72 h, parental wishes and experiences with emergency nurses from the parents' perspective.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 15, 2023 and April 14, 2024 with 596 parents of children aged between 0 and 18 years who had return visits to the pediatric emergency department of a gynaecology and pediatrics hospital in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye within 72 h after the first visit. Following the acquisition of written informed consent from the parents, the data were collected using the Descriptive Characteristics of Children and Experiences of Parents Information Form.

The Effect of Fatalistic Tendency in Individuals on Attitudes Toward Epilepsy Patients.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of fatalistic tendency on attitudes toward epilepsy patients.

Methods: The study was conducted between August 17 and October 1, 2022 in a family health center in Sakarya province in western Türkiye. The sample consisted of 479 adults.

Evaluation of the Usability of ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini in Patient Education About Rhinosinusitis.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) based chat robots are increasingly used by users for patient education about common diseases in the health field, as in every field. This study aims to evaluate and compare patient education materials on rhinosinusitis created by two frequently used chat robots, ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini.

Method: One hundred nine questions taken from patient information websites were divided into 4 different categories: general knowledge, diagnosis, treatment, surgery and complications, then asked to chat robots.

Changes in prostate specific antigen value in patients with COVID-19.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Method: Male patients who were admitted to our flu outpatient clinic with cough, fever, weakness, and bone and joint pain were evaluated. The acute phase reactants of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and fibrinogen were measured both at the time the patients first presented at the clinic and 1 month after recovery from COVID-19 infection.

Protein and Polysaccharide Fibers via Air Jet Spinning: Emerging Techniques for Biomedical and Sustainable Applications.

Polymers play a critical role in the biomedical and sustainable materials fields, serving as key resources for both research and product development. While synthetic and natural polymers are both widely used, synthetic polymers have traditionally dominated due to their ability to meet the specific material requirements of most fiber fabrication methods. However, synthetic polymers are derived from non-renewable resources, and their production raises environmental and health concerns.

Trastuzumab Rechallenge in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Promising Strategy for Enhanced Progression-Free Survival Post Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine Progression.

: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC), particularly the HER2-positive subtype, represents a significant clinical challenge, with approximately 20-25% of breast cancer cases demonstrating HER2 overexpression. Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting HER2, has significantly improved outcomes in these patients. However, progression after second-line treatments such as trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) necessitates exploring subsequent therapeutic options.

Plasticity of enteric neurotransmission varies during day-night cycles and with feeding state.

The circadian cycle is a fundamental biological rhythm that governs many physiological functions across nearly all living organisms. In the gastrointestinal tract, activities such as gut motility, hormone synthesis, and communication between the gut, central nervous system and microbiome all fluctuate in alignment with the circadian cycle. The enteric nervous system (ENS) is critical for co-ordinating many of these activities, however, how its activity is governed by the circadian cycle remains unknown.