Artificial intelligence applied in identifying left ventricular walls in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy images: Pilot study.

This paper proposes the use of artificial intelligence techniques, specifically the nnU-Net convolutional neural network, to improve the identification of left ventricular walls in images of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, with the objective of improving the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. The methodology included data collection in a clinical environment, followed by data preparation and analysis using the 3D Slicer Platform for manual segmentation, and subsequently, the application of artificial intelligence models for automated segmentation, focusing on the efficiency of identifying the walls of the left ventricular. A total of 83 clinical routine exams were collected, each exam containing 50 slices, which is 4,150 images.

Bioactive silicon-based dental gel associated with a calcium booster for dentin hypersensitivity treatment: A randomized clinical study.

Background: Dentin hypersensitivity affects a significant portion of the world's population, causing pain and negatively impacting oral health and quality of life This clinical study investigated the effectiveness of a desensitizing fluoride silicon-rich dental gel associated with a calcium booster.

Material And Methods: In this single-blind, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial, forty-eight volunteers diagnosed with dentin hypersensitivity and qualified to participate were randomized into 2 groups: (1) fluoride silicon-rich dental gel (REFX Technology)/calcium booster (Si/Ca protocol); (2) Pumice stone diluted in saline. A draw was carried out between the right and left sides of the patients so that either a prophylaxis with the dental gel associated with calcium or with fine pumice stone diluted in saline was carried out.

Brain Age Modeling and Cognitive Outcomes in Young Adults With and Without Sickle Cell Anemia.

Importance: Both sickle cell anemia (SCA) and socioeconomic status have been associated with altered brain structure and cognitive disability, yet precise mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear.

Objective: To determine whether brains of individuals with and without SCA appear older than chronological age and if brain age modeling using brain age gap (BAG) can estimate cognitive outcomes and mediate the association of socioeconomic status and disease with these outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cross-sectional study of 230 adults with and without SCA, individuals underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cognitive assessment.

Segmentectomies: 5-Year Experience Of A Center.

Introduction: Segmental anatomical resections have been a subject of debate in recent years. There is increasing evidence that these procedures may offer some advantages in the treatment of early-stage lung cancer, with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) similar to those seen in lobar anatomical resections.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent segmentectomy at Santa Marta Hospital (HSM) between January 2018 and September 2022.

Situational Analysis of the Medication Practices in Brazilian Hospitals: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: To carry out a situational analysis of the medication practices in Brazilian hospitals through the Medication Safety Self-Assessment for Hospitals and the factors associated with better performance in the evaluation.

Methods: This is a multicenter cross-sectional study in which the results of the application of the Medication Safety Self-Assessment for Hospitals, between 2015 and 2020, in 30 Brazilian hospitals were described. In addition, whether the institutional profile was associated with higher self-assessment scores (better performance in the evaluation) was also evaluated.

Urinary biomarkers of preeclampsia: An update.

Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-related syndrome, has motivated extensive research to understand its pathophysiology and develop early diagnostic methods. 'Omic' technologies, focusing on genes, mRNA, proteins, and metabolites, have revolutionized biological system studies. Urine emerges as an ideal non-invasive specimen for omics analysis, offering accessibility, easy collection, and stability, making it valuable for identifying biomarkers.

Immunohistochemistry-based molecular subtypes of urothelial carcinoma derive different survival benefit from platinum chemotherapy.

Distinct molecular subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) may show different platinum sensitivities. Currently available data were mostly generated at transcriptome level and have limited comparability to each other. We aimed to determine the platinum sensitivity of molecular subtypes by using the protein expression-based Lund Taxonomy.

Buthionine sulfoximine acts synergistically with doxorubicin as a sensitizer molecule on different tumor cell lines.

The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) has been widely used for treating solid tumors attributed to its antiproliferative effectiveness; however, its clinical use is limited due to side effects, including cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and drug resistance. Combining DOX with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione (GSH) synthesis inhibitor, showed promising results in overcoming these adverse effects, potentially reducing the required DOX dose while maintaining efficacy. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of different concentrations of BSO and DOX, both individually and in combination, utilizing B16/F10 (murine melanoma), SNB-19 (human glioblastoma), S180 (murine sarcoma), and SVEC4-10 (murine endothelial) cell lines.

Sleep and circadian rhythms in delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: Phenotypic differences between patients with and without comorbid depression.

Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder involves chronic difficulty going to bed and waking up at conventional times and often co-occurs with depression. This study compared sleep and circadian rhythms between patients with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder with depression (DSWPD-D) and without (DSWPD-ND) comorbid depression. Clinical records of 162 patients with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (70 DSWPD-D, 92 DSWPD-ND) were analysed, including a subset of 76 patients with circadian phase determined by the dim light melatonin onset.

Effects of ionizing radiation on osteoblastic cells: In vitro insights into the etiopathogenesis of osteoradionecrosis.

Objective: This in vitro study aimed to analyze the effects of ionizing radiation on immortalized human osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) and further assess their cellular response in co-culture with fibroblasts. These analyses, conducted in both monoculture and co-culture, are based on two theoretical models of osteoradionecrosis - the theory of hypoxia and cellular necrosis and the theory of the radiation-induced fibroatrophic process.

Design: SaOS-2 cells were exposed to ionizing radiation and evaluated for cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, cellular morphology, wound healing, and gene expression related to the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.

Evaluation of radiation therapy on grafted and non-grafted defects: an experimental rat model.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of a single-dose radiation therapy (15 Gy) on grafted and non-grafted defects, bone microarchitecture, and collagen maturity.

Methodology: Bone defects were surgically created in rat femurs. The right femur defect was filled with blood clot (group "Clot") and the left femur defect by deproteinized bovine bone mineral graft (group "Xenograft").

Nurses' perspectives on the use of telemonitoring in the management of people with diabetes and hypertension.

Objectives: to understand the perspective of nurses on the use of telemonitoring in the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in primary care.

Methods: this qualitative research involved sixteen nurses from eight municipalities in Paraná. Data were collected between November 2022 and January 2023 through inperson or remote interviews, which were audio-recorded and subjected to content analysis.

Effect of increasing lipid levels on liver metabolism, intestinal morphology and production performance of discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus).

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of three levels of lipids in the diet on growth, metabolism, and intestinal and hepatic histopathology in discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus). Fish were stocked in quadruplicate in aquarium (50L) and were fed experimental diets containing three levels (3%, 10%, and 14%) of dietary lipids (LP). At the end of the trial, no significant differences in growth performance were observed.

Cryogenic, but not hypothermic, preservation disrupts the extracellular matrix of cell sheets.

Cell sheet (CS)-based approaches hold significant potential for tissue regeneration, relying on the extracellular matrix (ECM) for success. Like in native tissues, the ECM provides structural and biochemical support for cellular homeostasis and function. Effective preservation strategies that maintain ECM integrity are critical to enhance the therapeutic potential of CS-based approaches.

Predictors of HIV testing adherence among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study.

Men who have sex with men are a target group for HIV prevention and control. HIV testing is part of a broader combination prevention strategy. This study aimed to analyze the predictors for adherence to HIV infection testing among Brazilian men who have sex with men.

A physiotherapeutic approach to a baby with right disgenesis of thumb and left agenesis of upper extremity: A case report.

A boy with bilateral congenital anomalies of the upper extremities with transverse absence of the left arm (agenesis) and absence of right thumb (disgenesis), fixed elbow in extension due to humeroradial synostosis thought that the humerus was intact. His wrist could move passively with 50° flexion, 0° extension, and 70° radial deviation. The other 4 fingers were intact, 4-5 metatarsal bones were in synostosis, and the fifth finger was clinodactyly.

The effect of audio distraction in reducing signs of stress and anxiety during pediatric dental treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To perform a systematic review to investigate if the use of audio distraction reduces signs of stress and anxiety in paediatric patients undergoing dental treatment.

Materials And Methods: Search was made in electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Scielo, BVS, Springer Link, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and grey literature) until March 11th, 2024. The eligibility criteria were: paediatric patients under dental treatment; use of audio as a distraction method; comparison between groups with and without use of audio distraction; Clinical trials.

Spatial distribution and subtype-specific expression patterns of Nectin-4 in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: To investigate the expression patterns of Nectin-4, the target molecule of the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin (EV), in relation to histological and molecular subtypes of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC).

Patients And Methods: We assessed the protein expression patterns of Nectin-4 in a spatially organised tissue microarray containing 1386 tissue cores from 314 consecutive patients with UBC who underwent radical cystectomy (2005-2018). Results were correlated with clinicopathological and follow-up data, as well as with different spatial locations (tumour central vs tumour-normal interface and primary tumour vs lymph node [LN] metastases).

Primary prevention of post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in high-risk complete hydatidiform mole: A single-dose prophylactic actinomycin D, associated with uterine evacuation - a long retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of actinomycin D (ActD) as prophylactic chemotherapy (P-chem) in patients with high-risk complete hydatidiform mole (Hr-CHM) on progression to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).

Methods: From 1996 to 2023, 426 Hr-CHMs were selected in a cohort of 1623 patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). From 1996 to 2023, 290 patients with Hr-CHMs received a single bolus dose of Act-D at the time of uterine evacuation (Hr-CHM P-chem group); 136 with the same risk factors did not receive P-chem (Hr-CHM control group).

Exploring canine mast cell tumors: An investigation into demographic characteristics, and grading system analysis from a pathology lab data (2019-2021).

Mast cell tumors (MCT) are among the most common neoplasia in dogs, representing up to 21 % of skin tumors. However, etiology and risk factors for its development remain unclear. This study aimed to reduce this knowledge gap by comprehensively analyzing 905 MCT cases diagnosed in Portugal between 2019 and 2021, using descriptive and inferential analyses.

Is Generalized Joint Hypermobility Associated with Chronic Painful Temporomandibular Disorders in Young Adults? A Cross-Sectional Study.

Generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) is a common condition characterized by an increased range of motion across multiple joints. Previous studies have suggested a possible association between GJH and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of GJH in a Portuguese population of young university adults and to explore the relationship between GJH, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms/clinical findings, chronic painful TMDs, and chronic painful TMDs subtypes (myalgia, arthralgia, or combined myalgia and arthralgia).

Assessing the Potential of Brewer's Spent Grain to Enhance Cookie Physicochemical and Nutritional Profiles.

Brewers' spent grain (BSG), the major by-product of the brewery industry, has high nutritional value, making it suitable for upcycling into products such as healthy, and sustainable cookies. Nonetheless, the incorporation of BSG in cookies can impact their quality, given the increased fiber and protein content. This work explored the effect of replacing wheat flour with BSG at 50% and 75% in cookie formulations, focusing on physical, chemical, and sensory properties.