Head and Neck Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patient: Age and Tumor Region Are Predictive in Disease-Free Survival and Overall Survival.

Background: Head and neck soft tissue sarcoma (HNSTS), rare and heterogeneous malignancies, are treated primarily treated with surgery. However, prognostic indicators that might guide HNSTS management are poorly defined.

Purpose: Main purpose of this study is to find variables linked to HNSTS patients' prognosis.

Distinctive mesenchymal-like neurofibroma stem cells shape NF1 clinical phenotypes controlled by BDNF microenvironment.

Background: Neurofibroma type I (NF1) often presents with multiple clinical phenotypes due to mutations of NF1 gene. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic and therapeutic relevance of tumor microenvironment in NF1 patients.

Methods: Tumor stem cells (TSCs) from NF1 were isolated and cultured using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and colony formation experiments.

Effect of arthroscopic discopexy on condylar growth in adolescents with temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction: A retrospective self-controlled case series study.

This study was a retrospective self-controlled study that aimed to evaluate the effect of arthroscopic discopexy on condylar height and mandibular position in adolescents with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR). Patients between 10 and 20 years of age and diagnosed with bilateral TMJ ADDwoR by magnetic resonance image (MRI) were included in this study. All patients underwent a period of natural course before arthroscopic surgery and then a follow-up period postoperatively.

The hue of temporomandibular joint arthroscopy under local versus general anaesthesia.

Background: Temporomandibular joint arthroscopy (TMJA) is often performed under general anaesthesia (GA) worldwide on an inpatient basis, whereas local anaesthesia (LA) is not equally considered as the standard procedure.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy between LA and GA when performing TMJA.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed a total of 182 patients in LA group and 91 patients in GA group who underwent TMJA for the management of disc displacement.

Biomechanical Evaluation of a Standard Temporomandibular Joint Prosthesis and Screw Arrangement Optimization: A Finite Element Analysis.

Background And Objective: Artificial total joint replacement is an important method of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction, which has been advocated for TMJ osteoarthrosis, ankylosis, tumors, and other diseases. We designed one type of standard TMJ prosthesis fit for Chinese patients. This study aimed to explore the biomechanical behavior of the standard TMJ prosthesis using finite element analysis and selects an optimal screw arrangement scheme for clinical application.

Introduction of temporomandibular joint and skull base combined reconstruction by autogenous bone graft.

Objective: This study introduces the application of autogenous bone graft for the reconstruction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and skull base combined defects.

Materials And Methods: Patients treated with autogenous bone grafts for reconstruction of the TMJ and skull base were reviewed. All patients underwent virtual surgical design to confirm the osteotomies of the combined lesion and the selections of autogenous bone graft, fabrication of surgical templates to transfer the plan to actual operation, and reconstruction of autogenous bone graft for the TMJ and/or skull base.

Periosteum coverage versus collagen-membrane coverage in periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics: a randomized controlled clinical trial in Class II and Class III malocclusions.

Background: Periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) is a widely-used clinical procedure that combines selective alveolar corticotomy, particulate bone grafting, and the application of orthodontic forces. Different modifications of PAOO such as collagen-membrane coverage can better benefit patients from preventing displacement of grafts. Due to its stability, collagen-membrane coverage gradually gained popularity and became a widely-used procedure in traditional PAOO technique.

Association between sexual maturation and anterior disc displacement of temporomandibular joint in adolescents aged 13-14 years.

Objectives: To investigate the association between sexual maturation and anterior disc displacement (ADD) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Materials And Methods: Adolescents aged 13-14 years old, attending the first grade of one private junior school, were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to confirm ADD, in addition, the serum levels of sex hormones were tested.

Arthroscopic Disk Repositioning After Failed Open Disk Repositioning.

Purpose: Open disk repositioning has been long achieving excellent functional and stability outcomes. However, still remains some relapses for whom a second open surgery is often challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of arthroscopic disk reposition as an alternative surgery for unsuccessful cases of anterior disk displacement (ADD) after an initial open disk repositioning.

Characteristics of patients with temporomandibular joint idiopathic condylar resorption.

Objective: To investigate characteristics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) and analyze the related factors.

Methods: A total of 755 consecutive patients (150 with ICR and 605 with anterior disc displacement [ADD]) from July 2015 to December 2018 were recruited. A comprehensive questionnaire characterizing the multidimensional impact of the TMJ was designed.

Prognostic indicators of arthroscopic discopexy for management of temporomandibular joint closed lock.

In order to optimize patient selection for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthroscopic discopexy to achieve favorable outcomes, prognostic indicators impacting the results are important to analyze. This longitudinal retrospective study aimed to analyze various prognostic factors impacting surgical outcomes following arthroscopic discopexy for management of TMJ closed lock using success criteria based on pain, maximal interincisal opening, diet, and quality of life. Furthermore, a quantitative MRI assessment was performed pre- and post-operatively.

Do Orthognathic Patients and Persons Without Facial Deformities Have Different Visual Attention to Menton Deviation?

Purpose: This study aimed to quantify how menton deviation influenced facial visual attention of orthognathic patients and persons without facial deformities, and to explore differences between them.

Materials And Methods: The visual scanning paths of 260 participants (Group I, 130 orthognathic participants; Group II, 130 participants without facial deformities) while observing images reflecting normal subjects and those with different menton deviation degrees were recorded with an eye-tracking device. The fixation duration [FD] and first fixation time [FFT]) on the areas of interest for each group were compared.

Development and Application of Digital Maxillofacial Surgery System Based on Mixed Reality Technology.

Objective: To realize the three-dimensional visual output of surgical navigation information by studying the cross-linking of mixed reality display devices and high-precision optical navigators.

Methods: Applying quaternion-based point alignment algorithms to realize the positioning configuration of mixed reality display devices, high-precision optical navigators, real-time patient tracking and calibration technology; based on open source SDK and development tools, developing mixed reality surgery based on visual positioning and tracking system. In this study, four patients were selected for mixed reality-assisted tumor resection and reconstruction and re-examined 1 month after the operation.

Multiparametric CT-based assessment of pretracheal anatomical relationships for safe tracheotomy: A long-forgotten issue revisited.

Objectives: To assess the anatomical relationships and variations in the pretracheal space and to guide tracheotomy procedures in a safe manner with image-based evidence.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on unirradiated patients requiring elective tracheotomies. Preoperative contrast-enhanced CT (CECT)/CT venography (CTV) was applied for an anatomical evaluation of the pretracheal region.

Anteromedial thigh septocutaneous perforator flap as a first choice for head and neck reconstruction: A clinical algorithm based on perforator-pedicle relationship.

Background: Anterolateral thigh perforator flaps (ALTPFs) have long been considered workhorse flaps for head and neck reconstructions. However, in some instances, anteromedial thigh septocutaneous perforator flaps (AMTPFs) are easier to harvest than ALTPFs. This study aimed to determine when and how the AMTPF should be considered the first choice as a reconstructive tool.

Postoperative care in ICU versus non-ICU after head and neck free-flap surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) has long been considered as routine by most head and neck surgeons after microvascular free-flap transfer. This study aimed to answer the question 'Is there a difference in the flap survival and postoperative complications rates between admission to intensive care unit (ICU) versus Non-ICU following microvascular head and neck reconstructive surgery?'.

Design: Systematic review, and meta-analysis.

Do simultaneous mandibular advancement and temporomandibular joint prosthesis impact the upper airway in TMJ ankylosis patients?

Background: Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a pathological disorder which results in patients' limited or even complete failure of mouth opening. When TMJ ankylosis occurs during the growing age, moderate to severe micrognathia might be the proposed scenario of such cases, accompanied by obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). TMJ reconstruction using total TMJ prostheses with mandibular advancement (MA) can simultaneously improve the function and aesthetic profile of such patients.

Modified Gap Arthroplasty for Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Following Radiotherapy for Rhabdomyosarcoma: Report of an Unusual Case and Brief Literature Review.

Radiotherapy at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area often results in trismus, however, post radiation ankylosis is extremely rare and has not been previously reported in literature. Radiation is known to impact the vasculature of bony structures leading to bone necrosis with certain risk factors including surgical intervention, even teeth extraction, that could lead to osteoradionecrosis. Accordingly, gap arthroplasty for such case seemed rather challenging.

Crosstalk between autophagy and microbiota in cancer progression.

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process seen in eukaryotes and is essentially a lysosome-dependent protein degradation pathway. The dysregulation of autophagy is often associated with the pathogenesis of numerous types of cancers, and can not only promote the survival of cancer but also trigger the tumor cell death. During cancer development, the microbial community might predispose cells to tumorigenesis by promoting mucosal inflammation, causing systemic disorders, and may also regulate the immune response to cancer.

Survival of vascularized osseous flaps in mandibular reconstruction: A network meta-analysis.

Objective: An evidence regarding which bony flap for reconstruction of mandibular defects following tumour resection is associated with the highest survival rate is still lacking. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to guide surgeons selecting which vascularized osseous flap is associated with the highest survival rate for mandibular reconstruction.

Methods: From inception to March 2021, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane library were searched to identify the eligible studies.

Novel loop neurorrhaphy technique to preserve lower lip sensate in mandibular reconstruction using an innervated vascularized iliac bone flap.

Background: This study aimed to introduce a novel loop neurorrhaphy technique using an innervated vascularized iliac bone flap (VIBF) with vascularized ilioinguinal nerve (IIN) to reconstruct the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and preserve lower lip sensation simultaneously with mandibular reconstruction.

Methods: This study prospectively included patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction using VIBF from May 2018 to April 2020. Subjects were allocated into two groups: (1) Group I; innervated VIBF with loop neurorrhaphy (IIN doubly anastomosed with IAN and mental nerve), (2) Group II (control); conventional VIBF.

Facial visual attention to menton deviation: An objective evaluation by laypeople.

Purpose: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate whether the severity of menton deviation (MD) influenced facial perceptions of laypeople. We also aimed to determine the effectiveness of surgery in normalizing the distribution of the facial visual attention of laypeople.

Methods: The scanning paths of 177 laypeople were recorded using an eye tracking device while observing images of individuals without MD and pre- and post-treatment subjects with different degrees of MD.

Surgical interventions for management of benign parotid tumors: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The impact of the extent of parotid surgery on postoperative complications has long been considered a topic of controversy. The aim of the current network meta-analysis (NMA) is to answer the following questions: (1) Does the extent of surgical resection of benign parotid tumors increase the risk of postoperative complications? (2) What is the best surgical intervention for treatment of benign parotid tumors that can provide an acceptable balance between tumor recurrence rate and other postoperative complications? A comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane library was conducted to identify the eligible studies. The outcome was the incidence of tumor recurrence, facial nerve weakness (temporary [TFW] or permanent [PFP]), Frey's syndrome (FS), sialocele, and salivary fistula.

Augmented reality navigation method for recontouring surgery of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia.

The objective of this study is to introduce the application of augmented reality (AR) navigation system developed by the authors in recontouring surgery of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia. Five consecutive patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia were enrolled. Through three-dimensional (3D) simulation, a virtual plan was designed to reconstruct the normal anatomical contour of the deformed region.

What is the best method for prevention of postparotidectomy Frey syndrome? Network meta-analysis.

Background: Prevention of Frey syndrome (FS) after parotidectomy using an interposition barrier has long been gaining a wide popularity; however, there is no clear evidence regarding which preventive technique is more effective. The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to answer the question: What is the best method for prevention of FS after parotidectomy?

Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and Cochrane library was conducted to identify the eligible studies. The outcome was the incidence of subjective Frey syndrome (SFS) and objective Frey syndrome (OFS).