Identification of novel differentially expressed genes in type 1 diabetes mellitus complications using transcriptomic profiling of UAE patients: a multicenter study.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that mainly affects children and young adults. It is associated with debilitating and long-life complications. Therefore, understanding the factors that lead to the onset and development of these complications is crucial.

Diabetes and Ramadan: Practical guidelines 2021.

Fasting during Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam and is obligatory for all healthy Muslims from the age of puberty. Though individuals with some illness and serious medical conditions, including some people with diabetes, can be exempted from fasting, many will fast anyway. It is of paramount importance that people with diabetes that fast are given the appropriate guidance and receive proper care.

Amenorrhoea with XY karyotype postbone marrow transplant.

A 17-year-old girl presented with secondary amenorrhoea. She developed normal age-appropriate secondary sexual characteristics and attained menarche at the age of 13 years. One year following her menarche, she was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia and was treated with chemotherapy, total body radiation and bone marrow transplant with complete remission.

Biometric and metabolic changes in patients with diabetes prior, during and after the holy month of Ramadan (ABCD Study).

Unlabelled: Physiological impact of the intermittent or prolonged fasting is known from various studies on healthy subjects. However, data on impact of fasting on biochemical and biometric parameters in people with diabetes is building up. Safety of Ramadan fasting has always been assessed after Ramadan.

Differential Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Hypoglycemia Unawareness Associated with Type 1 Diabetes: A Case Report.

The recurrence of hypoglycemic episodes leads to attenuation of the normal counter-regulatory mechanisms that are controlled by the hypothalamus, which results in hypoglycemia unawareness (HU). In this case report, we described for the first time the differential expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ in a blood sample that was taken from a 27-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who was diagnosed with HU. The anti-diabetic regimen is currently based on insulin injection, but the patient is planning to start the use of an insulin pump to have better control of glucose levels.

Impact of provision of optimum diabetes care on the safety of fasting in Ramadan in adult and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: All diabetes and Ramadan guidelines advice against fasting for people with type 1 diabetes, however, many insist on fasting. Consequently, this causes a challenge due to the risk of hypoglycaemia, hyperglycemia ± diabetic ketoacidosis.

Aim: To assess the impact of optimum care, which includes Ramadan-focused education, flash glucose monitoring, dietary advice and treatment adjustment on the safety of Ramadan fasting in people with type 1 diabetes.

Systematic Review of Glucagon-Like Peptide One Receptor Agonist Liraglutide of Subjects with Heart Failure with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.

Background: The major cardiovascular outcome trials on glucagon-like peptide one-receptor agonists have examined its effect on hospitalization of subjects with heart failure; however, very limited trials have been conducted on subjects with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (r- LVEF) as a primary outcome.

Objective: We have conducted a systematic review of two major (FIGHT and LIVE) placebo-controlled trials of liraglutide and its clinical effect on the ejection fraction of subjects with heart failure.

Methods: Medline data was retrieved for trials involving liraglutide from 2012 to 2020.

A systematic review on the safety of Ramadan fasting in high-risk patients with Diabetes.

Introduction: Fasting the holy month of Ramadan is passionately practiced by all Muslim population around the world. Patients with diabetes are generally considered to have a higher risk of fasting. The current international guidelines have risk-stratified the patients with diabetes and other comorbidities to different categories, and the decision of fasting or not is made based on this categorization.

Consensus recommendations for management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.

The recent American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes guideline mentioned glycaemia management in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); however, it did not cover the treatment approaches for patients with T2DM having a high risk of CVD, and treatment and screening approaches for CVDs in patients with concomitant T2DM. This consensus guideline undertakes the data obtained from all the cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) to propose approaches for the T2DM management in presence of CV comorbidities. For patients at high risk of CVD, metformin is the drug of choice to manage the T2DM to achieve a patient specific HbA1c target.

Use of flash glucose monitoring system in assessing safety of the SGLT2 inhibitors during Ramadan fasting in high risk insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The risks of hypoglycemia, dehydration and kidney injury may theoretically be aggravated by people with type 2 diabetes treated with Insulin and SGLT2 inhibitors during Ramadan. Data on safety and efficacy of SGLT2-I in people with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin is scanty. We aimed to assess the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors during Ramadan in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin, on hypoglycemia, glycemic control and kidney function.

Lipid Control in Patients with Diabetes across Primary and Tertiary Government Health Sectors in Dubai: A Five-year Pattern.

Objectives: A key aspect for the prevention of vascular complications in diabetes is control of hyperlipidemia, and that has always been a global challenge. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the UAE is estimated to be 18.98%.

A systematic review on efficacy and safety of the current hypoglycemic agents in patients with diabetes during Ramadan fasting.

The fasting in the holy month of Ramadan is passionately practised among the Muslims population around the world. Patients with diabetes are generally considered to have various risks with fasting. The recent pharmacologic and technical advances in the management of diabetes may have enabled these patients to practice safe fasting.

Should metformin still be the first-line of treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus? A comprehensive review and suggested algorithm.

For more than a century, the high occurrences of coronary and peripheral artery diseases in diabetes mellitus patients has been well recognised; despite that, the ability to improve CV event rates by optimizing glycaemic control has remained elusive. Nevertheless, the last decade has seen several cardiovascular outcome clinical trials (CVOTs) of many antihyperglycemic agents that reported promising results for cardiovascular and renal outcomes. This leads to a hot debate on the ideal drug choice for first-line treatment in T2DM.

The use of Free Style Libre Continues Glucose Monitoring (FSL-CGM) to monitor the impact of Ramadan fasting on glycemic changes and kidney function in high-risk patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease stage 3 under optimal diabetes care.

Aim: To understand the risk of hypoglycaemia during Ramadan fasting by use of CGM, as well as to observe the Glycemic control and renal functions in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease stage 3 (CKD-3).

Method: A prospective interventional study conducted in the Dubai Hospital, a tertiary care centre in the United Arab Emirates, during the month of Ramadan 1437 AH (Hijri), which corresponded to June 6th till July 5th, 2016. 25 patients with type 2 diabetes and stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD stage 3) were included in the study, who intended to fast during Ramadan.

Assessment of risk of fasting during Ramadan under optimal diabetes care, in high-risk patients with diabetes and coronary heart disease through the use of FreeStyle Libre flash continuous glucose monitor (FSL-CGMS).

Aim: Most of Muslims patients with diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) elect to fast in Ramadan, but the actual risk in this subset of patients with diabetes is largely unknown. We aimed to understand the safety of fasting in CHD patients with diabetes insisting on fasting Ramadan under optimal care. We also monitored the change in biophysical and biochemical parameters of these patients before and after Ramadan.

Impact of optimum diabetes care on the safety of fasting in Ramadan in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin therapy.

Aim: We aimed at evaluating the safety of fasting Ramadan for insulin treated type 2 diabetes patients by assessing the biochemical, biometric parameters, flash glucose monitoring (FGM) data as compared to pre-Ramadan and hospital admissions with diabetes or non-diabetes conditions. The risks of fasting between those treated with basal insulin vs intensive insulin during Ramadan was also assessed.

Methods: We included insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes and we excluded those with co-morbidities.

Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes across Primary and Tertiary Government Health Sectors in the Emirate of Dubai, United Arab Emirates: A Five-Year Pattern.

Objectives: In the UAE, the comparative prevalence of diabetes is reported as 18.98%, but there are very few studies evaluating glycemic control. Attaining the optimum glycemic control has been a global challenge over the years.

Glycemic and lipids control in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular or renal diseases across all the government health sectors in the Emirate of Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Unlabelled: The guidelines suggest setting the glycemic and lipid targets according to the stage of the disease and other co -existing complications in the patients with diabetes.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the HbA1c and lipids level in patients with high risk diabetes from 2012-2016, attending different level of care in Dubai health authority.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the electronic medical records of all patients who attended the Dubai Health authority between 2012-2016.

The role of optimum diabetes care in form of Ramadan focused diabetes education, flash glucose monitoring system and pre-Ramadan dose adjustments in the safety of Ramadan fasting in high risk patients with diabetes.

Background: Physiology of intermittent and prolonged fasting is known from healthy subjects. Evidence on high and very high-risk groups is lacking. The anticipated risks include hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration and thrombosis.

Efficacy of bariatric surgery in improving metabolic outcomes in patients with diabetes. A 24-month follow-up study from a single center in the UAE.

Background: Owing to its impact on weight loss, remission of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, bariatric surgery has offered hope for grossly obese individuals. In recent years, obesity has increased in the UAE and the use of bariatric surgery has increased in-line with this trend. However, data regarding bariatric surgery outcomes in diabetic Emirati people is scarce.

SGLT-2 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Protection: Lessons and Gaps in Understanding the Current Outcome Trials and Possible Benefits of Combining SGLT-2 Inhibitors With GLP-1 Agonists.

Landmark trials on diabetes control have shown variable results in terms of cardiovascular benefits, with the majority showing a favorable effect of glycemic control on microvascular and, more recently, macrovascular complications. However, some trials pointed out a CV hazard with tight diabetes mellitus (DM) control. Most of those trials were assessing the impact of glycemic control, more than evaluating the effect of a certain medication.

Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2-I) During the Month of Ramadan in Muslim Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objectives: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) are a new class of antidiabetic drugs that might increase the risk of dehydration and hypoglycemia, particularly during the month of Ramadan in which Muslims abstain from eating and drinking for 14-16 hours daily. We aimed to provide real-life evidence about the safety of SGLT2-I during Ramadan.

Methods: All patients over the age of 18 years on SGLT2-I before Ramadan 2016 who would be fasting during Ramadan were included.

Efficacy and Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Reducing Glycated Hemoglobin and Weight in Emirati Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: SGLT2 inhibitors are a new class of drugs that act by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules. Many trials have demonstrated their effectiveness in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and weight, but they have never been examined in Arab or Emirati populations.

Methods: We assessed the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in reducing HbA1c and weight in our population and specifically in an Emirati cohort.

Effect of Metformin on Different Non-Diabetes Related Conditions, a Special Focus on Malignant Conditions: Review of Literature.

Metformin has been proven to be one of the most safe and effective antihyperglycemic agents. Through more than six decades of metformin use, it became the most studied hypoglycemic agent; through these studies, it showed a marvelous non-glycemic related effect. These effects include modulation of different points of cancer timeline, weight reduction, cardiovascular health, thyroid diseases, polycystic ovaries disease and many other medical conditions.