Assessing parenting attitudes among adolescents seeking healthcare with a brief pregnancy and parenting attitudes questionnaire.

Purpose: To use modified Parenthood/Pregnancy Attitude, Timing and How important is pregnancy prevention (PATH) questions to assess parenting attitudes and reproductive desires in adolescents and young adults (AYAs).

Methods: Between November 2020 and January 2022, we recruited participants 13-22 years old via a convenience sample from an Adolescent Medicine outpatient clinic at an urban children's hospital to participate in a cross-sectional survey. The survey was self-administered on a tablet and was adapted from the original PATH questions.

Default Antibiotic Order Durations for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Outpatient Pediatrics: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Antibiotic durations for uncomplicated skin/soft tissue infections (SSTI) often exceed the guideline-recommended 5-7 days. We assessed the effectiveness of a default duration order panel in the Electronic Health Record (EHR) to reduce long prescriptions.

Methods: Cluster randomized trial of a SSTI order panel with default antibiotic durations (implemented 12/2021), compared to a control panel (no decision support) in 14 pediatric primary care clinics.

Phase II study of MEK inhibitor trametinib alone and in combination with AKT inhibitor GSK2141795/uprosertib in patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer.

Purpose: While MEK inhibitors demonstrated activity in metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) preclinical studies, preclinical, and clinical studies implicate rapid development of resistance limiting clinical benefit. The purpose of this study was to determine response rate for Trametinib alone and in combination with Uprosertib in patients with mTNBC previously treated with chemotherapy.

Methods: This was an open-label, two-part, phase II, single-arm, multicenter study.

Examining Racial Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening and the Role of Online Medical Record Use: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study of a National Survey.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Early detection via routine CRC screening can significantly lower risks for CRC-specific morbidity and mortality. Public health initiatives between 2000 and 2015 nearly doubled CRC screening rates for some US adults.

The impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on completing bariatric surgery at a single academic institution.

Background: Underutilization of bariatric surgery is multifactorial. This study aimed to understand the association of SDOH on not achieving surgery.

Methods: 1081 applications for primary MBS from January-December 2021 were stratified into those that completed surgery (COM; n = 415), in progress > 1-year (IP; n = 107), dropped out (DO; n = 379), and never started (NS; n = 180).

Retrospective Comparison of Quadratus Lumborum and Pericapsular Nerve Group Blocks for Postoperative Pain Management of Patients Undergoing Outpatient Hip Arthroscopy.

Introduction: Hip arthroscopy is commonly performed as an outpatient procedure and effective postoperative pain management is important to provide quality patient care and enable timely discharge. Multiple regional nerve blocks have been described for pain relief after hip arthroscopy, but there is no consensus on the optimal technique. This retrospective investigation aimed to compare quadratus lumborum (QL) and pericapsular nerve group (PENG) blocks to determine if there are differences in analgesic outcomes after outpatient hip arthroscopy.

A porcine model of thoracic aortic aneurysms created with a retrievable drug infusion stent graft mirrors human aneurysm pathophysiology.

Objective: Aneurysm pathophysiology remains poorly understood, in part from the disparity of murine models with human physiology and the requirement for invasive aortic exposure to apply agents used to create aneurysm models. A retrievable drug infusion stent graft (RDIS) was developed to isolate the aortic wall intraluminally for drug exposure. We hypothesized that an RDIS could deliver aneurysm-promoting enzymes to create a porcine model of thoracic aneurysms without major surgical exposure.

Primary care team member's perceptions of credentialed and privileged clinic pharmacists and impact on clinic workload in a pediatric primary care network.

Background: Pharmacists provide increased access to care, vaccinations, and medication management for patients. Credentialing and privileging of pharmacists allow pharmacists to practice at the top of their licenses and elevate pharmacy practice.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess the perception of health care team members of credentialed and privileged pharmacists working in a pediatric primary care network (PCN) before and after implementation of pharmacist privileges.

Pain intensity and opioid consumption after temporary and permanent peripheral nerve stimulation: a 2-year multicenter analysis.

Objective: Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an emerging neuromodulation modality, yet there remains limited data highlighting its long-term effectiveness. The objective of this study was to report real-world data on pain intensity and opioid consumption after temporary and permanent PNS for chronic pain up to 24 months postimplantation.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients who received PNS implants at a multi-centered enterprise between January 1, 2014 and February 24, 2022.

Clinical impacts of immunomodulator withdrawal from anti-tumor necrosis factor combination therapy in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Objectives: Combination therapy consists of both anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) and an immunomodulator (IMM) and has been shown to improve outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study assesses the impacts of IMM withdrawal from combination therapy to anti-TNF monotherapy in children with IBD.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included children with IBD initiated on combination therapy between 2014 and 2019 who discontinued the IMM.

The Impact of Medication Synchronization on Proportion of Days Covered within the Pediatric Setting.

Introduction: Poor adherence to medication regimens accounts for the substantial worsening of disease, death, and increased healthcare costs of approximately $100 billion annually in the United States. Patients participating in medication synchronization had 3.4 to 6.

Patient-perceived understanding of home-going medication with transitions of care services at a pediatric institution.

Background: Transitions of care (TOC) is the coordination and continuity of health care as a patient transfers between different settings. This can include a wide range of services, such as medication reconciliation, patient counseling, bedside delivery of medications, and others that meet individual patient needs. In the pediatric population, patients are at increased risk of potential medication errors and subsequent harm owing to reduced patient and caregiver health literacy, limited dosage form availability, and errors in medication administration.

Antibody-Suppressor CXCR5+CD8+ T Cells Are More Potent Regulators of Humoral Alloimmunity after Kidney Transplant in Mice Compared to CD4+ Regulatory T Cells.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT), especially with CD4+ regulatory T cells (CD4+ Tregs), is an emerging therapeutic strategy to minimize immunosuppression and promote long-term allograft acceptance, although much research remains to realize its potential. In this study, we investigated the potency of novel Ab-suppressor CXCR5+CD8+ T cells (CD8+ TAb-supp) in comparison with conventional CD25highFoxp3+CD4+ Tregs for suppression of humoral alloimmunity in a murine kidney transplant (KTx) model of Ab-mediated rejection (AMR). We examined quantity of peripheral blood, splenic and graft-infiltrating CD8+ TAb-supp, and CD4+ Tregs in KTx recipients and found that high alloantibody-producing CCR5 knockout KTx recipients have significantly fewer post-transplant peripheral blood and splenic CD8+ TAb-supp, as well as fewer splenic and graft-infiltrating CD4+ Tregs compared with wild-type KTx recipients.

A self calibrating, magnetic sensor approach accurately positions an aortic damage control stent in a porcine model.

Objectives: Non-compressible torso hemorrhage remains a high mortality injury, with difficulty mobilizing resources before exsanguination. Previous studies reported on a retrievable stent graft for damage control and morphometric algorithms for rapid placement, yet fluoroscopy is impractical for the austere environment. We hypothesized that magnetic sensors could be used to position stents relative to an external magnet placed on an anatomic landmark, whereas an electromagnet would allow self-calibration to account for environmental noise.

Incidence of subsequent surgical decompression following minimally invasive approaches to treat lumbar spinal stenosis: A retrospective review.

Background Context: Surgical decompression is the definitive treatment for managing symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis; however, select patients are poor surgical candidates. Consequently, minimally invasive procedures have gained popularity, but there exists the potential for failure of therapy necessitating eventual surgical decompression.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of patients who require surgical decompression following minimally invasive procedures to treat lumbar spinal stenosis.

CXCR5 + CD8 + T Cell-mediated Suppression of Humoral Alloimmunity and AMR in Mice Is Optimized With mTOR and Impaired With Calcineurin Inhibition.

Background: Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) with antibody-suppressor CXCR5 + CD8 + T cells (CD8 + T Ab-supp ) inhibits alloantibody production, antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), and prolongs graft survival in multiple transplant mouse models. However, it is not known how conventional immunosuppressive agents impact the efficacy of CD8 + T Ab-supp ACT.

Methods: We investigated the efficacy of CD8 + T Ab-supp cell ACT when combined with calcineurin inhibitor (CNi) or mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTORi) in a murine model of kidney transplant.

National learning curves among robotic thoracic surgeons in the United States: Quantifying the impact of procedural experience on efficiency and productivity gains.

Objective: This study aims to characterize the aggregate learning curves of US surgeons for robotic thoracic procedures and to quantify the impact on productivity.

Methods: National average console times relative to cumulative case number were extracted from the My Intuitive application (Version 1.7.

Similar Growth Outcomes in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Initiated on Infliximab Originator or Biosimilar.

Background: Growth is an important clinical outcome, especially in childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Prior research has demonstrated growth improvements with infliximab therapy. There are limited studies evaluating whether clinical and growth outcomes in children initiated on the infliximab originator and infliximab biosimilar are similar.

Bariatric Patient Engagement in a Pre-surgery Virtual Patient Navigation Platform (VPNP).

Background: This study analyzed patient engagement with a virtual patient navigation platform (VPNP) designed to help guide bariatric surgery candidates through the complex pre-operative workup for surgery.

Methods: Data on baseline sociodemographic and medical history was collected on patients enrolled in the bariatric program at a single academic institution between March and May 2021. The System Usability Scale (SUS) survey was administered to assess VPNP usability.

Impact of pharmacist alternative therapy interventions in a pediatric Medicaid population.

Ambulatory clinical pharmacists are viewed as the medication experts on the health care team and frequently assist with medication access concerns. However, medication access and insurance navigation are difficult because of wide variations in insurance formularies. Accountable care organizations (ACOs) incorporate pharmacists as members of their population health teams to assist with these efforts.

A dumbbell rescue stent graft facilitates clamp-free repair of aortic injury in a porcine model.

Objective: Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is a high-mortality injury. We previously reported improved outcomes with a retrievable rescue stent graft to temporize aortic hemorrhage in a porcine model while maintaining distal perfusion. A limitation was that the original cylindrical stent graft design prohibited simultaneous vascular repair, given the concern for suture ensnarement of the temporary stent.

Primary care Providers' approaches to cervical cancer screening in Muslim females.

The utilization of the Papanicolaou (Pap) test and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has significantly decreased rates of cervical cancer and related mortality. Disparities in receiving these preventive screenings are scarcely studied in Muslim females. Our study explores primary care providers' (PCP) approaches to cervical cancer screening in Muslim females.