A comparison of FLT to FDG PET/CT in the early assessment of chemotherapy response in stages IB-IIIA resectable NSCLC.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the percentage change in F-fluorothymidine (FLT) standard uptake value (SUV) between baseline and after one cycle of chemotherapy in patients categorized by RECIST 1.1 computed tomography (CT) as responders or non-responders after two cycles of therapy. Change in F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake was also compared between these time points.

Two-time-point FDG PET/CT: liver SULmean repeatability.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of liver mean standardized uptake value normalized to lean body mass (SULmean) in the same patients at different time points within the right lobe of the liver at (18)F-FDG PET/CT, in a clinical setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS.

Brain FDG PET and the diagnosis of dementia.

Objective: We review the role of brain FDG PET in the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and vascular dementia. Characteristic spatial patterns of brain metabolism on FDG PET can help differentiate various subtypes of dementia.

Conclusion: In patients with different subtypes of dementia, FDG PET/CT shows distinct spatial patterns of metabolism in the brain and can help clinicians to make a reasonably accurate and early diagnosis for appropriate management or prognosis.

Prognostic value of FDG PET metabolic tumor volume in human papillomavirus-positive stage III and IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the prognostic utility in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive stage III and IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the (18)F-FDG parameters maximal, mean, and peak standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean, and SUVpeak, respectively); metabolic tumor volume (MTV); and total lesion glycolysis (TLG).

Materials And Methods: We included 70 patients in the present study who had a biopsy-proven HPV-positive (by in situ hybridization) stage III and IV oropharyngeal SCC and had a baseline PET/CT examination at our institution. Outcome endpoint was event-free survival (EFS), which included recurrence-free and overall survival.

Optimum lean body formulation for correction of standardized uptake value in PET imaging.

Unlabelled: Standardized uptake value (SUV) normalized by lean body mass ([LBM] SUL) is becoming a popular metric for quantitative assessment of clinical PET. Sex-specific quantitative effects of different LBM formulations on liver SUV have not been well studied.

Methods: (18)F-FDG PET/CT scans from 1,033 consecutive adult (501 women, 532 men) studies were reviewed.

Head and neck PET/CT: therapy response interpretation criteria (Hopkins Criteria)-interreader reliability, accuracy, and survival outcomes.

Unlabelled: There has been no established qualitative system of interpretation for therapy response assessment using PET/CT for head and neck cancers. The objective of this study was to validate the Hopkins interpretation system to assess therapy response and survival outcome in head and neck squamous cell cancer patients (HNSCC).

Methods: The study included 214 biopsy-proven HNSCC patients who underwent a posttherapy PET/CT study, between 5 and 24 wk after completion of treatment.

Liver standardized uptake value corrected for lean body mass at FDG PET/CT: effect of FDG uptake time.

Objective: The objective of this study is to establish the magnitude change and interreader reliability of the liver standardized uptake value corrected for lean body mass (SULmean) in dual-time-point imaging at 1 and 2 hours and 1 and 4 hours.

Patients And Methods: Early and delayed FDG PET/CT scans were included for 28 patients (13 men and 15 women) who had normal liver by CT or ultrasound. The average uptake time between the early and delayed scans were 55 minutes (range, 44-69 minutes) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients (n = 19) and 184 minutes (range, 140-197 minutes) for neurofibromatosis patients (n = 9).

Follow-up or Surveillance (18)F-FDG PET/CT and Survival Outcome in Lung Cancer Patients.

Unlabelled: The value of performing follow-up PET/CT imaging more than 6 mo after the conclusion of therapy-either as a routine practice or because of clinically suspected recurrence-is not well established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the added value of follow-up PET/CT to the clinical assessment and survival outcome of lung cancer patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 261 biopsy-proven lung cancer patients at a single tertiary center.

Initial human experience with Rubidium-82 renal PET/CT imaging.

Introduction: Preclinical data have shown that Rubidium-82 chloride ((82)Rb) is a radiotracer with high first pass extraction and slow washout in the kidneys. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of human kidney imaging with (82)Rb positron emission tomography (PET) and obtain quantitative data of its uptake non-invasively.

Methods: Eight healthy volunteers underwent dynamic PET/CT imaging with (82)Rb.

Respiratory-gated PET/CT versus delayed images for the quantitative evaluation of lower pulmonary and hepatic lesions.

Purpose: Respiratory motion degrades fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) images of the lower chest and upper abdomen, as the blur introduced by breathing motion increases the apparent size of the moving tumour lesions and decreases their apparent uptake, reducing the sensitivity of PET in detection of small lesions. We assessed the role of delayed and respiratory-gated PET acquisition in the quantitative evaluation of lung and liver lesions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 64 lesions was performed.

PET/CT imaging and human papilloma virus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer: evolving clinical imaging paradigm.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) represents an emerging disease that differs from HPV-negative OPSCC in natural history and prognosis. Contrast-enhanced PET/CT is essential to accurately stage the primary site when there are smaller tumors; neck nodal metastases, which tend to have a more cystic component; and distant metastases that manifest in unusual sites (disseminating phenotype) such as bones and other solid organs, including brain. Metastases tend to appear later in the disease course during follow-up for HPV-positive OPSCC than for HPV-negative OPSCC.

Quantitative FDG PET/CT in the community: experience from interpretation of outside oncologic PET/CT exams in referred cancer patients.

Purpose: Tertiary care institutions often deal with patients who have had a baseline positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan performed elsewhere. Little data exist regarding the quality of these PET/CT scans and whether they are fully suitable for qualitative or quantitative interpretation. We evaluated outside PET/CT scans from cancer patients referred to our institution and compared them with PET/CT scans acquired locally.

FDG PET/CT imaging of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: characteristics of human papillomavirus-positive and -negative tumors.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess differences in morphological and glycolytic characteristics of primary tumors and locoregional nodal disease between human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 123 baseline FDG PET/CT scans from patients (aged 57.0 ± 10.

Addition of 18F-FDG PET/CT to clinical assessment predicts overall survival in HNSCC: a retrospective analysis with follow-up for 12 years.

Unlabelled: (18)F-FDG PET/CT is used in the follow-up of patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). However, its impact on clinical decision making and patient outcome is not fully established. The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for overall survival (OS) of HNSCC patients when performed in addition to clinical assessment between 4 and 24 mo after treatment.

Dynamic whole-body PET parametric imaging: I. Concept, acquisition protocol optimization and clinical application.

Static whole-body PET/CT, employing the standardized uptake value (SUV), is considered the standard clinical approach to diagnosis and treatment response monitoring for a wide range of oncologic malignancies. Alternative PET protocols involving dynamic acquisition of temporal images have been implemented in the research setting, allowing quantification of tracer dynamics, an important capability for tumor characterization and treatment response monitoring. Nonetheless, dynamic protocols have been confined to single-bed-coverage limiting the axial field-of-view to ~15-20 cm, and have not been translated to the routine clinical context of whole-body PET imaging for the inspection of disseminated disease.

Absolute myocardial flow quantification with (82)Rb PET/CT: comparison of different software packages and methods.

Purpose: In clinical cardiac (82)Rb PET, globally impaired coronary flow reserve (CFR) is a relevant marker for predicting short-term cardiovascular events. However, there are limited data on the impact of different software and methods for estimation of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and CFR. Our objective was to compare quantitative results obtained from previously validated software tools.

Cardiac PET/CT misregistration causes significant changes in estimated myocardial blood flow.

Unlabelled: Misregistration of cardiac PET/CT data can lead to misinterpretation of regional myocardial perfusion. However, the effect of misregistration on the quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) has not been studied.

Methods: Cardiac (82)Rb-PET/CT scans of 10 patients with normal regional myocardial perfusion were analyzed.