Modern-Day Management of the Dysglycemic Continuum: An Expert Viewpoint from the Arabian Gulf.

Prediabetes is the first stage of a continuum that extends through the diagnosis of clinical type 2 diabetes towards long-standing diabetes with multiple comorbidities. The diagnosis of prediabetes provides an opportunity to interrupt the diabetes continuum at an early stage to ensure long-term optimization of clinical outcomes. All people with prediabetes should receive intervention to improve their lifestyles (quality of diet and level of physical activity), as this has been proven beyond doubt to reduce substantially the risk of conversion to diabetes.

Clinical features, biomarkers and diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents in Sana'a, Yemen.

Introduction: There is little published information on type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children in Yemen. We aimed to identify the clinical characteristics, biomarkers and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis of T1D among children and adolescents in a diabetes centre in Sana'a, Yemen.

Methods: A total of 485 children and adolescents aged ≤18 years diagnosed with T1D during the period 2010-2020 were included in the study.

Incidence of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents during peace and war times in Yemen.

Aim: To calculate a 30-year incidence rates of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sana'a city, Yemen during peace and wartimes.

Methods: A total of 461 patients aged between 8 months and 18 years with newly diagnosed diabetes were registered between 1989 and 2018. We used a standardized protocol for counting cases over time.

Clinical phenotyping of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Yemen.

Objective: To identify clinical phenotypes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among adults presenting with a first diagnosis of diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 500 consecutive patients were subject to clinical assessment and laboratory investigations. We used data-driven cluster analysis to identify phenotypes of T2D based on clinical variables and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2) of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function estimated from paired fasting blood glucose and specific insulin levels.

Microvascular Outcomes of Pediatric-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single-Center Observational Case Reviews in Sana'a, Yemen.

Microvascular complications of pediatric-onset type 1 diabetes are common in low-income countries. In this study, we aimed at reviewing microvascular outcomes in 6 cases with type 1 diabetes over 14 to 31 years of follow-up. Severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and/or diabetic macular edema (maculopathy) (DME) and overt diabetic nephropathy (macroalbuminuria) were seen among 4 of 6 patients, whereas severe diabetic peripheral neuropathy with Charcot neuroarthropathy was seen in 1 patient only, who had the longest duration of follow-up.

Effect of Habitual Khat Chewing on Glycemic Control, Body Mass Index, and Age at Diagnosis of Diabetes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Yemen.

Khat chewing is common in Yemen. We conducted this study to see if it affected diabetes control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We studied 1540 patients with type 2 DM attending an endocrinology clinic in Sana'a, Yemen, of which 997 were khat chewers (KC) and 543 were non-khat chewers (NKC).

Prevalence of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in yemen.

Background: Obesity is common in type 2 diabetic patients in some of the Middle Eastern countries, which are amongst the countries with highest rates of diabetes mellitus and obesity.

Objectives: We conducted this study to assess the prevalence of obesity in Yemeni patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Patients And Methods: Body mass index (BMI) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were 25-years-old or older was measured during their first visit to an endocrinology and diabetes clinic in Sana'a, Yemen over a 4-year period from May 2007 to May 2011.

Diabetic retinopathy, visual impairment and ocular status among patients with diabetes mellitus in Yemen: a hospital-based study.

Background: We present a series of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who attended an eye hospital in Sana, Yemen during 2004.

Aim: To determine the magnitude and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Regular visits to a diabetes clinic were associated with lower magnitude of visual disability and diabetic retinopathy-a hospital-based historical cohort study in yemen.

Background: We associated regularity in visits to a diabetes clinic with the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and visual disabilities.

Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted in 2004. The physician reported details of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and other illness.

The subjective effects of chewing Qat leaves in human volunteers.

Background: Chewing the leaves of the Qat plant (Catha edulis) for their pleasurable central stimulant effect is a habit that is widespread in Yemen and certain areas of East Africa. The use of the Qat leaves is believed to cause a variety of gastrointestinal and genito-urinary symptoms as well as sleep disturbance. We studied the subjective effects of chewing Qat leaves in human volunteers.

Khat chewing and arterial blood pressure. A randomized controlled clinical trial of alpha-1 and selective beta-1 adrenoceptor blockade.

Objective: The aim of this work was to study prospectively the effect of alpha-1 and selective beta-1 adrenoceptor blockade on cardiovascular effects of khat chewing in healthy volunteers.

Methods: Sixty-three male volunteers chewed khat for 3 hours on 3 separate occasions, 1 or 2 weeks apart. Fifty age and weight matched male controls did not chew.

Educational environment in traditional and innovative medical schools: a study in four undergraduate medical schools.

Introduction: The undergraduate curricula of medical schools in King Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia and Sana'a University, Republic of Yemen are traditional, like most of the medical schools in the Middle East region. The curriculum in Dundee University Medical School, UK, claims to follow the prescriptions of the UK General Medical Council to be outcome based with three interlocking phases and students encouraged to take responsibility for their own learning. The aim of this study is to measure the educational environment, using the 50-item Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM), in each medical school and to compare the educational environment as perceived by the responding students of the traditional medical schools in developing countries with that of the "modernised" medical school in Dundee University, UK.

Recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection 1 year after successful treatment: prospective cohort study in the Republic of Yemen.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients in the Republic of Yemen and the recurrence rate 1 year after apparently successful eradication.

Methods: A total of 275 patients with chronic dyspepsia seen in one clinic were enrolled. Gastric biopsies were obtained at endoscopy and H.

Consanguineous marriage in the capital city Sana'a, Yemen.

Consanguineous marriage is traditionally common throughout the Eastern Mediterranean region, especially in the mainly Muslim countries. To date, there is little information on consanguinity in Yemen. The aim of this study was to ascertain the rate of consanguineous marriage and average coefficient of inbreeding in Sana'a City, Yemen.

The effect of chewing Khat leaves on human mood.

Objective: Chewing fresh leaves of the Khat plant (Catha edulis), represents a widespread habit with a deep-rooted sociocultural tradition in Yemen. Khat is chewed for its central stimulant properties and to dispel feeling of fatigue and its use is believed to be associated with disturbance of mood. We studied the effect of chewing Khat leaves on human mood by using a standard questionnaire method, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale.

The effect of chewing Khat leaves on human mood.

Objective: Chewing fresh leaves of the Khat plant (Catha edulis), represents a widespread habit with a deep-rooted sociocultural tradition in Yemen. Khat is chewed for its central stimulant properties and to dispel feeling of fatigue and its use is believed to be associated with disturbance of mood. We studied the effect of chewing Khat leaves on human mood by using a standard questionnaire method, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale.