High efficiency of treated-phengite clay by sodium hydroxide for the Congo red dye adsorption: Optimization, cost estimation, and mechanism study.

Wastewater textile dye treatment is a challenge that requires the development of eco-friendly technology to avoid the alarming problems associated with water scarcity and health-environment. This study investigated the potential of phengite clay as naturally low-cost abundant clay from Tamgroute, Morocco (TMG) that was activated with a 0.1 M NaOH base (TMGB) after calcination at 850 °C for 3 h (TMGC) before its application in the Congo red (CR) anionic dye from the aqueous solution.

Application of Taguchi method, response surface methodology, DFT calculation and molecular dynamics simulation into the removal of orange G and crystal violet by treated biomass.

In this work, the efficiency of the treated plant (TPCE) as an effective biosorbent for removing the orange G (OG) and crystal violet (CV) dyes from aqueous solution was investigated. TPCE was characterized by FT-IR, S, pH and SEM-EDX. The influence of parameters such as bioadsorbent dose, contact time, initial concentration, temperature and pH was tested using Taguchi experimental design (TED) with L orthogonal array (five parameters in two levels).