Role of visfatin in obesity-induced insulin resistance.

The growing worldwide burden of insulin resistance (IR) emphasizes the importance of early identification for improved management. Obesity, particularly visceral obesity, has been a key contributing factor in the development of IR. The obesity-associated chronic inflammatory state contributes to the development of obesity-related comorbidities, including IR.

Cancer Stem Cells as a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target Using Curcumin/ Piperine Extract for Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological bone marrow malignancy that can be treated but is usually fatal. Medication resistance is the major cause of relapses due to cancer stem cells (CSCs). As a result, this study aimed to identify multiple myeloma cancer stem cells (MMCSCs) in the bone marrow of twelve MM patients with pathological complete response (pCR) after chemotherapy and to investigate the potential effect of Curcumin/Piperine (C/P) extract as an anti-MMCSCs treatment in twenty newly diagnosed patients.

Morphological, Anatomical and Surgical Features of the Vermiform Appendix: A Historical Review.

The aim of this review is to focus light on the history of the human vermiform appendix from the morphological, anatomical, surgical, classification of the origin, types, blood supply aspects in order to understand the real function and summarized this information that positively impacts the clinical decision in case of appendicitis, the most popular surgical condition. Although the characteristic features of the normal and diseased appendix had been reported for many previous centuries, it was still the most common challenge facing every single day in the operation room. The appendectomy, the commonest surgical emergency procedure, may cause little confusion for the surgeons due to highly variable situations of inside the abdominal cavity.

The association between mental health and obesity in postmenopausal women: A systematic review.

Postmenopausal women are at great risk of mental health deterioration, which may lead to morbidity and mortality. The decrement of mental health with aging is attributed to hormonal changes, lowered physical activity, sleep disturbances, economic factors, as well as modifiable variables such as smoking and obesity. Studies have shown controversial results on the association between obesity and mental health in postmenopausal women.

Identification of Alleles and Novel Marker-Trait Associations for Flour Quality and Grain Yield Traits under Heat-Stress Environments in Wheat Lines Derived from Diverse Accessions of .

Heat stress during grain filling is considered one of the major abiotic factors influencing wheat grain yield and quality in arid and semi-arid regions. We studied the effect of heat stress on flour quality and grain yield at moderate and continuous heat stress under natural field conditions using 147 lines of wheat multiple synthetic derivatives (MSD) containing introgressions. The study aimed to identify the marker-trait associations (MTAs) for the quality traits and grain yield under heat-stress conditions and identify stress-resilient germplasm-combining traits for good flour quality and grain yield.

Impact of metformin on the clinical and metabolic parameters of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age, and metformin is a widely used medication in managing this condition.

Aim: To review the available literature comprehensively on the therapeutic impact of metformin on the clinical and metabolic parameters of women with PCOS.

Data Source: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library and the Web of Science and selected sources for grey literature from their inception to April 2020.

Association between body mass index and difficult intubation with a double lumen tube: A retrospective cohort study.

Study Objective: Obesity, defined by the World Health Organization as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30.0 kg/m, is associated with adverse outcomes and challenges during surgery. Difficulties during endotracheal intubation, occur in 3-8% of procedures and are among the principal causes of anesthetic-related morbidity and mortality.

Promoting more future-ready anatomy education after the Covid-19 pandemic: A scoping review.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic caused an abrupt transition from face-to-face to online anatomy teaching, learning, and assessment. Although online education has ensured the continuity of anatomy education during the pandemic, its implementation has been challenging, and its effectiveness has been questioned. Therefore, literature pertinent to online anatomy education during the pandemic is crucial to explain Covid-19's disruptions to this field.

U"AI" Testing: User Interface and Usability Testing of a Chest X-ray AI Tool in a Simulated Real-World Workflow.

To observe interactions of practicing radiologists with a chest x-ray AI tool and evaluate its usability and impact on workflow efficiency. Using a simulated clinical workflow and remote multi-monitor screensharing, we prospectively assessed the interactions of 10 staff radiologists (5-33 years of experience) with a PACS-embedded, regulatory-approved chest x-ray AI tool. Qualitatively, we collected feedback using a think-aloud method and post-testing semi-structured interview; transcript themes were categorized by: (1) AI tool features, (2) deployment considerations, and (3) broad human-AI interactions.

Multifunctional nanoparticles based on marine polysaccharides for apremilast delivery to inflammatory macrophages: Preparation, targeting ability, and uptake mechanism.

Hydrophobic drug encapsulation inside targeted nanoparticles can enhance accumulation in inflamed sites, limit toxicity to healthy tissue, and improve pharmacokinetics compared to free drug dosing. This study reports a functionalized marine polysaccharide nanoparticle with a controlled release, targeting abilities, and in-situ imaging properties. Carbon dots functionalized Enteromorpha polysaccharide/Mannose/Methionine functionalized Chitosan (CDs.

Prevalence of pain and its association with quality of life of patients with heart failure in a developing country: findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is considered one of the main causes of morbidity and death among chronic diseases worldwide. Patients have increasingly reported chronic pain in long-standing heart failure as a disturbing symptom. Its unknown etiology and mechanism, in addition to its insidious progressive nature, made both the doctor and the patient not notice it until it affects the quality of life (QoL) and general health status.

Silanizing Effectiveness on the Bond Strength of Aged Bulk-Fill Composite Repaired After Sandblasting or Bur Abrasion Treatments: An in vitro Study.

Objective: To measure the repair shear bond strength (SBS) of an aged bulk-fill composite after different mechanical (diamond bur vs sandblasting) and chemical (universal adhesive with or without a previous silanization) surface treatments.

Materials And Methods: Bulk-fill composite (Filtek One Bulk Fill, 3M ESPE) was used to construct seventy-two specimens aged through 10,000 thermal cycles. The specimens were allocated into two groups (n = 36 each) according to the mechanical roughening: Db, treated with a diamond bur, and Sb, treated by sandblasting.

Current trends in COVID-19 diagnosis and its new variants in physiological fluids: Surface antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, and RNA sequencing.

Rapid, highly sensitive, and accurate virus circulation monitoring techniques are critical to limit the spread of the virus and reduce the social and economic burden. Therefore, point-of-use diagnostic devices have played a critical role in addressing the outbreak of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) viruses. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current techniques developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in various body fluids (e.

GATA3 as an immunomodulator in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction associated with fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.

Obesity is the leading risk factor associated with Metabolic dysfunction Associated with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), Insulin Resistance (IR), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Notably, MAFLD affects 25% of the world's adult population, ranging from 13.5% in Africa to 31.

Identification and Inhibition of the Druggable Allosteric Site of SARS-CoV-2 NSP10/NSP16 Methyltransferase through Computational Approaches.

Since its emergence in early 2019, the respiratory infectious virus, SARS-CoV-2, has ravaged the health of millions of people globally and has affected almost every sphere of life. Many efforts are being made to combat the COVID-19 pandemic's emerging and recurrent waves caused by its evolving and more infectious variants. As a result, novel and unexpected targets for SARS-CoV-2 have been considered for drug discovery.

Matrix Metalloproteinases in Dental and Periodontal Tissues and Their Current Inhibitors: Developmental, Degradational and Pathological Aspects.

Objectives: This review article aims to describe some of the roles of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in enamel, dentine, dental caries, hybrid layer degradation, pulp and periodontal tissues, throwing light on their current inhibitors. The article addresses the potential of MMPs to serve as biomarkers with diagnostic and therapeutic value.

Design: The sections of this review discuss MMPs' involvement in developmental, remodeling, degradational and turnover aspects of dental and periodontal tissues as well as their signals in the pathogenesis, progress of different lesions and wound healing of these tissues.

Noninvasive Management of Fractured Indwelling Tunneled Pleural Catheter Valve.

Tunneled indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) are frequently used to palliate symptomatic dyspnea due to recurrent pleural effusions. The drainage valve of IPCs is an important component of the catheter as fracture of the valve leads to malfunctioning of the IPCs. Replacement of the catheter includes risks such as pain, infection, pneumothorax, and procedure cost.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Recent Clinical Advances and Future Prospects.

Immune checkpoints are vital molecules and pathways of the immune system with defined roles of controlling immune responses from being destructive to the healthy cells in the body. They include inhibitory receptors and ligands, which check the recognition of most cancers by the immune system. This happens when proteins on the surface of T cells called immune checkpoint proteins identify partner proteins on the cancer cells and bind to them, sending brake signals to the T cells to evade immune attack.

MD Simulation Studies for Selective Phytochemicals as Potential Inhibitors against Major Biological Targets of Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetes is emerging as an epidemic and is becoming a public health concern worldwide. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the serious complications of diabetes, and about 40% of individuals with diabetes develop diabetic nephropathy. The consistent feature of diabetes and its associated nephropathy is hyperglycemia, and in some cases, hyperamylinemia.

Exploiting Wild Emmer Wheat Diversity to Improve Wheat A and B Genomes in Breeding for Heat Stress Adaptation.

Wheat is highly sensitive to temperature beyond the optimum. To improve wheat adaptation to heat stress, the best option is to exploit the diversity of wild wheat progenitors. This study aimed to identify germplasm and quantitative trait loci associated with heat stress tolerance from wild emmer wheat diversity.

Identification of micro-organism from positive blood cultures: comparison of three different short culturing methods to the Rapid Sepsityper workflow.

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The rapid identification (ID) of the causative micro-organisms is crucial for the patients' clinical outcome. MALDI-TOF MS has been widely investigated to speed up the time-to-report for ID from positive blood cultures, and many different procedures and protocols were developed, all of them attributable either to the direct separation of microbial cells from the blood cells, or to a short subculture approach.