Cyclosporin and methotrexate therapy induces remission in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Cyclosporin and methotrexate administration induces remission of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Administration of high-dose cyclosporin (cyclo) has been demonstrated to induce remission of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Its usefulness was limited by its toxicity.

Thyroglossal duct cyst: an infrequently considered diagnosis in pediatric patients with anterior neck masses.

Objective: To describe a pediatric patient with an anterior neck mass and discuss the evaluation and treatment.

Methods: We present a case report and a discussion of the differential diagnosis of anterior cervical masses. The workup and therapy for an anterior neck mass, which was a thyroglossal duct cyst, are reviewed.

Growth and normal puberty.

We reviewed the growth characteristics of American boys and girls from published studies, including age at takeoff, age at peak height velocity, peak height velocity, duration of puberty, and the magnitude of the pubertal contribution to adult height. Age at takeoff is highly variable and sex-dependent. The mean takeoff age in children growing at an average rate is approximately 11 years in boys and 9 years in girls, and peak height velocity occurs at a mean age of 13.

Dideoxyfingerprinting (ddF) analysis of the type X collagen gene (COL10A1) and identification of a novel mutation (S671P) in a kindred with Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia.

Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (SMCD; MIM 156500) is an autosomal dominant disorder of the skeleton that is manifested in early childhood by short stature, coxa vara, and a waddling gait. Patients with SMCD have mutations in the gene that codes for the alpha-1 chain of collagen X (COL10A1); however, mutation analysis of this gene is hampered by its size. We studied a family with SMCD: the mother, a 36-year-old woman with a height of 149 cm, had mild bilateral coxa vara.

The role of NK cell activity in the pathogenesis of poly I:C accelerated and spontaneous diabetes in the diabetes prone BB rat.

The development of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and diabetes in the diabetes prone (DP) BB rat animal model of IDDM is thought to be due to an autoimmune process. Natural killer (NK) cells have been implicated but not proven to play a pathogenetic role in BB rats due to the increased NK cell number and activity found in these animals. We have recently reported that poly I:C, an inducer of cytokines and a potent enhancer of NK cell function, accelerates the development of diabetes in DP BB rats and induces diabetes in diabetes resistant (DR) BB rats.

Poly I:C induction of alpha-interferon in the diabetes-prone BB and normal Wistar rats. Dose-response relationships.

Although the administration of a fixed dose of the alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) inducer, polyinosinic polycytidilic acid (poly I:C), accelerates the development of diabetes in DP-BB rats, no reports have characterized the dose-response relationship of poly I:C with serum alpha-IFN levels and the development of diabetes. This study examines the dose-response relationships of poly I:C with the induction of serum alpha-IFN and the development of diabetes in DP-BB and normal Wistar rats. Also tested in this study is the hypothesis that the lack of development of diabetes in poly I:C-treated normal Wistar rats is attributable to a deficient alpha-IFN response.

Poly I:C induces development of diabetes mellitus in BB rat.

Polyinosinic polycytidilic acid (poly I:C), an inducer of alpha-interferon, accelerates the development of diabetes in diabetes-prone (DP) BioBreeding (BB) rats. This study investigates the effect of administering poly I:C to a diabetes-resistant (DR) strain of BB rats. We compared the incidence of diabetes, the degree of insulitis, the number of NK cells, helper-inducer cells, cytotoxic-suppressor cells, Ia+ T cells, RT6.

Use of fructosamine test in diabetic children.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the effect of glucose and the contribution of the aldimine component on the measurement of fructosamine, the relationship of serum fructosamine with glycosylated plasma proteins, as measured by a new high-performance liquid chromatography methodology (Glyc PP-HPLC) and by an affinity chromatography (Glyc PP), and the ability of serum fructosamine to assess acute, short-term (1-2 wk), and long-term (2-3 mo) glycemic control.

Research Design And Methods: The measurement of fructosamine was unaltered by the addition of up to 27.5 mM glucose or by the elimination of the aldimine component of serum specimens by dialysis.

Female pseudohermaphroditism in a neonate born to a mother with polycystic ovarian disease.

A newborn with female pseudohermaphroditism (profound masculinization of the external genitalia and preservation of the internal female genitalia) is presented. During pregnancy progressive hirsutism was noted in the mother, and polycystic ovaries were found at cesarean section. The serum testosterone level in the cord blood was elevated markedly (1,232 ng.

Humoral and cell-mediated immunity in growth hormone-deficient children: effect of therapy with human growth hormone.

To delineate the role of growth hormone (GH) in the development and function of the immune system, immunological parameters including quantitative immunoglobulins, T and B lymphocytes, phytohemagglutinin lymphoproliferative response and delayed hypersensitivity skin tests were studied in nine GH-deficient children prior to GH therapy and at 2 months and 9 to 12 months following therapy. The phytohemagglutinin response (74.1 +/- 37.

Prenatal thyroid function abnormalities in infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

Thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations were measured on cord sera of 21 preterm infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) and were compared to the values obtained from 15 healthy preterm infants. When log T3, log T4, and log TSH were considered as the dependent variables in the multivariate test Hotelling-Lawley-Trace, there was an overall difference between the two groups: F = 3.94, p = 0.

Benign elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase, transient and persistent variety.

Markedly increased serum concentration of alkaline phosphatase (AP) was discovered in seven children. Investigation showed the finding to be benign in each case. Family survey and follow-up studies revealed a familial pattern in four children and a transient, idiopathic origin in the other three.

Results of controlled double-blind study of thyroid replacement in very low-birth-weight premature infants with hypothyroxinemia.

The nature of hypothyroxinemia in sick very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants was evaluated by assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and by the clinical response to thyroxine (T4) therapy. Twenty-three very low-birth-weight infants of gestational age 26 to 28 weeks, whose serum T4 concentrations were 4 micrograms/dL on two occasions, and thyrotropin less than 20 microU/mL, were included in a double-blind study. Following a thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test, babies were given either T4 or placebo.

Virilizing hepatoblastoma: precocious sexual development and partial response of pulmonary metastases to cis-platinum.

A 42/3 year old boy with hepatoblastoma presented with precocious sexual development and an abdominal mass. During the course of disease, serial endocrinologic laboratory investigations were done, along with alpha-fetoprotein levels. A significant correlation is noted in these values at diagnosis, postsurgery, and later during a relapse.

Clinical recognition of juvenile hypothyroidism in the early stage.

The clinical manifestations of biochemically-confirmed acquired hypothyroidism in nineteen children and adolescents were reviewed to evaluate the symptoms and signs in the early stage of the disease. The group consisted of 14 girls and 5 boys ranging in age from 4 to 15 years. In 13 of the 19 patients with profound biochemical hypothyroidism, classical symptoms were often absent and clinical signs limited.

Triiodothyronine (T3) concentration and therapy in autistic children.

The clinical and biochemical status of thyroid function of patients with an autistic syndrome was investigated. The study consisted of 13 patients between the ages of 7 and 21 years. There was no clinical evidence for hypothyroidism in any patient, and T3, T4, and TSH concentrations were within the normal range.

Postnatal triiodothyronine concentrations in healthy preterm infants and in infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Postnatal changes in triiodotyronine (T3) concentration were investigated in 12 preterm infants of 26-34 weeks of gestational age. Blood for measurement of T3 was obtained from the cord at delivery and from infants at 1 day of age and at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. Seven of the babies suffered from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and five were considred healthy.

Evaluation of sodium L-thyroxine (T4) requirement in replacement therapy of hypothyroidism.

Sodium-L-thyroxine (T4) was utilized in the treatment of 15 pediatric patients with hypothyroidism. Adequacy of replacement therapy was confirmed by clinical evaluation in conjunction with determination of serum thyroxine, tri-odothyronine, and thyrotropin concentrations. Daily dose of thyroxine capable of including clinical and biochemical euthyroidism ranged from 2.