Combined Effects of High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise Training and Extract on Tissue Nesfatin-1 in Rats.

Nesfatin-1 is involved in metabolic/feeding regulation and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown that exercise and herb supplementation can influence nesfatin-1 concentration. The present study investigated the effects of high-intensity training (HIT) and Ziziphus jujuba (ZJ) extract on tissue nesfatin-1 in rats.

Effects of Three Different Modes of Resistance Training on Appetite Hormones in Males With Obesity.

Purpose: This study explored the effect of three different modes of resistance training on appetite hormones [leptin, ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY)], cardiometabolic and anthropometric measures in males with obesity.

Methods: Forty-four males with obesity (age: 27.5 ± 9.

Effects of exercise on reverse cholesterol transport: A systemized narrative review of animal studies.

Aims: Reverse Cholesterol Transport (RCTr) is the mechanism by which excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues is transported to the liver for hepatobiliary excretion, thereby inhibiting foam cell formation and the development of atherosclerosis. Exercise affects RCTr, by influencing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) through remodeling and by promoting hepatobiliary sterol excretion. The objectives of this systematized review of animal studies is to summarize the literature and provide an overview of the effects of chronic exercise (at least two weeks) on apolipoproteins (Apo A-I, Apo-E), Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8), scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1).

The effects of high-intensity interval training on reverse cholesterol transport elements: A way of cardiovascular protection against atherosclerosis.

Aims: Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is a process that prevents atherosclerosis. Studies showed that exercise training for strengthening cardiac muscle, increasing heart lipid metabolism and its potency against risk factors could protect cardiovascular health. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on RCT and its related elements in plasma and tissues (liver and intestine) of rats.

The combination of exercise training and supplementation increase serum irisin levels in postmenopausal women.

Background: We examined the effect of antioxidant supplementation and exercise on irisin within postmenopausal women.

Methods: Forty-eight participants (age: 55.7 ± 4.

Heart ABCA1 and PPAR- α Genes Expression Responses in Male rats: Effects of High Intensity Treadmill Running Training and Aqueous Extraction of Black Crataegus-Pentaegyna.

Introduction: Heart as a high metabolic and aerobic tissue is consuming lipid as a fuel for its energy provision at rest during light and moderate exercise, except when lactate level is higher in blood circulation. It has been shown that any type of regular exercise and crataegus species would improve cardiovascular function and minimizes several risk factors via stimulating lipid metabolism by acting on enzymes and genes expression such as ABCA1 and PPAR α which are involving in this process.

Materials And Methods: Twenty Wistar male rats (4-6 weeks old, 140-173 g weight) were used.

ABCG5 gene responses to treadmill running with or without administration of Pistachio atlantica in female rats.

Objective(s): ABC transporters comprise a large family of transmembrane proteins that use the energy provided by ATP hydrolysis to translocate a variety of substrates across biological membranes. All members of the human ABCG subfamily, except for ABCG2, are cholesterol-transporter. The aim of this study was to determine the liver, the small intestine and kidney ABCG5 relative gene expression in response to treadmill-running training in female rats.

Effects of a fixed-intensity of endurance training and pistacia atlantica supplementation on ATP-binding cassette G4 expression.

Background: Adenosine triphosphate-cassette binding protein (ABC) type G is considered as a part of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process in modification and metabolism of plasma and tissue cholesterol. This study aims to evaluate the effect of endurance training with or without Pistacia atlantica (Baneh) supplementation on the female rat tissues ABC type G expression and its correlation with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration.

Methods: Twenty Wistar rats (six to eight weeks old, 125-135 g weight) were arbitrarily allocated into training (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups and further divided into saline-control (n = 5), saline-training (n = 5), Baneh-control (n = 5), and Baneh-training (n = 5).

ABCG8 Gene Responses to 8 Weeks Treadmill Running With or Without Pistachia atlantica (Baneh) Extraction in Female Rats.

Background: It is well established that the excess cellular cholesterol concentration, as well as high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol levels are strongly correlated with the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is a term used to describe the efflux of excess cellular cholesterol. ABCG8 is a member of ABCG family that play a critical role in this process.

Liver and plasma nesfatin-1 responses to 6 weeks of treadmill running with or without zizyphus jujuba liquid extract in female rat.

Background: Nesfatin-1 is a protein derived from a precursor molecule of the nucleobindin-2 gene, and acts as an anorexigenic peptide on food intake behavior, and its level isinfluenced by nutritional status, food composition [fat and carbohydrate (CHO)], and physical exercise.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of treadmill running (at high intensity) program with and without zizyphus jujuba (high carbohydrate content) crud extraction on liver nesfatin-1, ATP, glycogen, and its plasma concentrations in female rats.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar female rats (6-8 weeks old100-120 g of weight) were randomly assigned to saline-control (SC), saline-training (ST), zizyphus jujuba-control (ZJC), and zizyphus jujuba-training (ZJT) groups.

Effects of prolonged exercise on agouti-related protein: a pilot study.

Agouti-related protein (AgRP), is a signaling peptide that affects feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, and has also been shown to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 90 min of treadmill exercise on circulating AgRP concentrations and the relationship of AgRP responses to cortisol. Seven young males completed a preliminary trial followed by counterbalanced experimental and control trials 4-5 weeks apart.

Effects of circuit resistance training intensity on the plasma ghrelin to obestatin ratios in healthy young women.

Background: Ghrelin and obestatin are orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides, respectively. It appears that an accurate balance between theses peptides is important for regulating energy homeostasis and body weight.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the possible mechanisms by which circuit resistance training influences energy homeostasis and weight control.

A single session of circuit-resistance exercise effects on human peripheral blood lymphocyte ABCA1 expression and plasma HDL-C level.

ATP-binding cassette transporters transfer a variety of substrates across the lipid bilayers in an energy-dependent manner. ABCA1 is a member of this family which plays a crucial role in plasma HDL-C metabolism. The purpose of this study was to investigate ABCA1 expression in lymphocytes, plasma lipids and lipoprotein levels in response to a single session of circuit-resistance exercise.

Plasma nesfatin-1 and glucoregulatory hormone responses to two different anaerobic exercise sessions.

Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorectic protein derived from posttranslational processing of the nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) gene. It is expressed in adipose tissue and is also found in plasma. Nesfatin-1 expression is significantly affected by nutritional status and its actions may be involved in the inhibition of the orexigenic effect of ghrelin.

Plasma visfatin is increased after high-intensity exercise.

Background/aims: Visfatin is a newly characterized protein that is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue and may play a role in insulin resistance. We investigated the effects of repeated short bouts of high-intensity exercise on plasma visfatin and related metabolic responses.

Methods: Six young, physically fit men (22.

The effect of exercise intensity on plasma and tissue acyl ghrelin concentrations in fasted rats.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of exercise training and feeding status on plasma and tissue acyl ghrelin concentrations.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two, eight-week-old male Wistar rats (185±5g) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: high intensity (HI: 34 m/min ~80-85% VO(2)max), moderate intensity (MI: 28 m/min ~70-75% VO(2)max), low intensity (LI: 20 m/min ~50-55% VO(2)max), and sedentary control (SED) groups. All experimental groups performed a 12-week exercise program consisting of treadmill running on a 0° slope for 1 h/day, 5 days/week at their respective training intensity.

Acute circuit-resistance exercise increases expression of lymphocyte agouti-related protein in young women.

Exercise-induced leukocytosis and lymphocytosis is accompanied by up-regulation and down-regulation of hundreds of genes in white blood cells (WBCs). Agouti-related protein (AgRP) is an orexigenic peptide secreted predominantly from the arcuate nucleus in the hypothalamus. AgRP affects feeding behavior and plays a role in energy and glucose homeostasis and adiposity.

Effects of acute ethionine injection on plasma ghrelin and obestatin levels in trained male rats.

Ghrelin and obestatin are orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides, respectively, that are secreted from the stomach mucosa into the circulation. These peptides have opposing actions on food intake, weight gain, and adiposity. It is thought that ghrelin is sensitive to a negative energy environment and also plays a considerable role in short- and long-term energy balance and glucose homeostasis.

Treadmill exercise's reduction of Agouti-related protein expression in rat liver.

Agouti-related protein (AGRP) is an orexigenic peptide secreted from the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. AGRP increases food intake and plays a role in energy balance, adiposity, weight gain, and growth-hormone release. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of running exercise on resting hepatic, fundus, and pancreas AGRP mRNA expression, as well as liver glycogen and ATP contents, using a rat model.

Treadmill training enhances rat agouti-related protein in plasma and reduces ghrelin levels in plasma and soleus muscle.

Ghrelin and agouti-related protein (AgRP) are orexigenic peptides secreted from stomach mucosa and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, respectively. Both peptides affect feeding behavior and play a role in energy balance, glucose homeostasis, and adiposity. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of moderate-term (6 weeks) running regimen on resting levels of ghrelin, AgRP, adenosine triphosphate, and glycogen in soleus muscle as well as plasma concentrations of the orexigenic hormones.

Endurance training enhances ABCA1 expression in rat small intestine.

The purpose of this study was to investigate liver and intestinal ABCA1 expression and plasma HDL-C level in response to treadmill-running training in rats. Twenty adult Wistar male rats (17-18 weeks old, 300-322 g) were divided into control (n = 10) and Training (n = 10) groups. Training group trained at 25 m/min (0% grade) for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks.

Time course alterations of plasma obestatin and growth hormone levels in response to short-term anaerobic exercise training in college women.

Obestatin is a 23-amino-acid peptide encoded by the same gene as ghrelin. Because there is a paucity of data concerning the effects of exercise on obestatin, this study investigated the effect of anaerobic exercise training-detraining on obestatin and growth hormone (GH) plasma levels. Ten young female volunteers participated.

Treadmill exercise reduces obestatin concentrations in rat fundus and small intestine.

Ghrelin and obestatin both are orexigenic/anorexigenic peptides which are secreted from gastrointestinal tracts (fundus submucosa cells). Obestatin is a 23 amino acid peptide recently isolated from rat stomach, is encoded by the same gene that encodes ghrelin. It has been suggested that ghrelin/obestatin stimulate growth hormone release and have opposite actions on food intake.

A single circuit-resistance exercise has no effect on plasma obestatin levels in female college students.

Obestatin is a 23 amino acid peptide recently isolated from rat stomach that is encoded by the same gene as ghrelin. Obestatin has opposite action to ghrelin on food intake and plays a role in energy balance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a circuit-resistance exercise (9 exercises, 25s per exercise, at 40, 60, 80% of 1RM) at different intensities on plasma obestatin and growth hormone (GH).

Treadmill exercise enhances ABCA1 expression in rat liver.

ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs) belong to a large family and include 49 mammalian transmembrane transporters that transfer a variety of substrates across the lipid bilayers in an energy-dependent manner. ABCA1 is a member of this family which plays a crucial role in plasma HDL-C remodeling. The purpose of this study was to investigate liver ABCA1 expression and plasma HDL level in response to treadmill running program in rats.