Correction: The Targeted Maximum Likelihood estimation to estimate the causal effects of the previous tuberculosis treatment in Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Sudan.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

The Effect of "Motivational Interviewing" and "Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills Model" Counseling Interventions on the Choice of Delivery Mode in Pregnant Women Using Face-to-Face Training vs. Mobile App: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To investigate the impact of counseling interventions, using face-to-face training vs. mobile app for choosing mode of delivery.

Design: A four-armed, randomized, controlled parallel-design trial.

Assessing seropositivity of MMR antibodies in individuals aged 2-22: evaluating routine vaccination effectiveness after the 2003 mass campaign-a study from Iran's National Measles Laboratory.

Background And Purpose: The seroprevalence of antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) was evaluated 17 years following a mass vaccination campaign in individuals aged 2 to 22 years who had received routine immunization but were not eligible for an extended immunization program.

Methods: Samples were acquired from Iran's National Measles Laboratory (NML), with individuals showing positive IgM results excluded. Out of the samples collected in 2020, a random selection of 290 serum samples was chosen, representing individuals between the ages of 2 and 22 years from diverse regions in the country.

Challenges to the implementation of a multi-level intervention to reduce mistreatment of women during childbirth in Iran: a qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Background: Mistreatment during childbirth is a growing concern worldwide, especially in developing countries, such as Iran. In response, we launched a comprehensive implementation research (IR) project to reduce mistreatment during childbirth and enhance positive birth experiences in birth facilities. This study identified the challenges of implementing a multi-level intervention to reduce mistreatment of women during childbirth using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Psychometric assessment of the Persian adaptation of the attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help scale-short form.

Background And Purpose: Mental health disorders are a growing concern worldwide, with a significant impact on public health. Understanding attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help is essential in addressing these issues. In the Iranian context, there is a need for a reliable tool to measure these attitudes.

In Vitro Study on Four Types of Commercial Lectins on and with Stage-Specific Binding and Leishmania Species Identification.

Background: We aimed to verify the susceptibility of , and , to commercial lectins in order to identify the three species.

Methods: The degree of agglutination was determined both macroscopically and microscopically and was scored negative (-) to positive (from 1- 4) based on their percentage of agglutination.

Results: Jacalin and UEA-1 were capable of agglutination of isolates in both logarithmic and stationary phases at a concentration of 1000 μg/ml (100%).

The effect of web-based educational interventions on mental health literacy, stigma and help-seeking intentions/attitudes in young people: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aims to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on The Effect of Web-Based Educational Interventions on Mental Health Literacy, Stigma and Help-seeking intentions/attitudes in young people.

Methods: Articles in English published between April 1975 and February 2023 were retrieved from seven databases, leading to a total of 2023 articles identified.

Results: 20 studies were included after applying exclusion criteria, 10 of which were eligible for meta-analysis.

Transcriptional analysis of Helicobacter pylori cytotoxic-associated gene-pathogenicity island in response to different pH levels and proton pump inhibitor exposure.

Background: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can increase the risk of gastric cancer in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients; nevertheless, there is no data about their impact on the pathogenicity of H. pylori. This study aimed at investigating the transcriptional alteration of key gene mediators of cytotoxin-associated gene-pathogenicity island (cag-PAI) among clinical H.

The antitumor effect of oncolytic respiratory syncytial virus via the tumor necrosis factor-alpha induction and ROS-bax-mediated mechanisms.

Background: Cervical cancer represents one of the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can infect cancer cells selectively and lethally without harming normal cells. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an oncolytic virus for anticancer therapy because of its propensity to multiply within tumor cells.

The Association of Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I and II Genes with Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis in Iranian Patients: A Preliminary Case-Control Study.

Background: Leishmaniasis is currently considered a re-emerging or emerging infection based on the geographic region. The outcome of leishmaniasis vastly depends on host interaction. This preliminary study aimed to show the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II genes with healed and non-healed cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and symptomatic and asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) compared with control groups in Iran.

Mistreatment of women during childbirth and its influencing factors in public maternity hospitals in Tehran, Iran: a multi-stakeholder qualitative study.

Background: Mistreatment during labour and childbirth is a common experience for many women around the world. This study aimed to explore the manifestations of mistreatment and its influencing factors in public maternity hospitals in Tehran.

Methods: A formative qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach in five public hospitals between October 2021 and May 2022.

Dermatologists Communication Skills and Performance From Point of View of Patients.

Introduction: Effective communication is an important issue in patient-doctor interaction which is even more important regarding chronic disorders which need a strong relationship between patient and clinician for better compliance and optimal control disease.

Objectives: This study was aimed to develop the best cultural adapted Persian version of the 28-item Calgary- Cambridge Observation Guide (CCOG) questionnaire.

Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, data collected from 400 patients attending the outpatient dermatology clinics of 3 major hospitals in Tehran using the modified Persian version of CCOG questionnaire, both before and after being visited by dermatologists.

A Mixed Methods Multicenter Study on the Capabilities, Barriers, and Opportunities for Diabetes Screening and Management in the Public Health System of Southern Ethiopia.

Background: More than half of diabetics' in Ethiopia live undiagnosed, and the majority of those who already knew their status also struggle to manage their diseases. However, the underlying challenges are less understood in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess diabetes screening and management capabilities, barriers, and opportunities in southern Ethiopia.

Effect of heat stress on DNA damage: a systematic literature review.

Thermal stress has a direct effect on various types of DNA damage, which depends on the stage of the cell cycle when the cell is exposed to different climate conditions. A literature review was conducted to systematically investigate and assess the overall effect of heat stress and DNA damage following heat exposure. In this study, electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to find relevant literature on DNA damage in different ambient temperatures.

A novel dynamic Bayesian network approach for data mining and survival data analysis.

Background: Censorship is the primary challenge in survival modeling, especially in human health studies. The classical methods have been limited by applications like Kaplan-Meier or restricted assumptions like the Cox regression model. On the other hand, Machine learning algorithms commonly rely on the high dimensionality of data and ignore the censorship attribute.

Thermal stress and TiO nanoparticle-induced oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse hippocampus.

Titanium dioxide (nano-TiO) is used abundantly in various industrial products and novel medical therapies. In addition, the impact of climate change on the health and safety will undoubtedly increase in the future. However, the effects of exposure to these nanoparticles and heat stress on hippocampal DNA damage and apoptosis remain unclear.

The effects of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum loads on semen quality: Detection and quantitative analysis.

Background: The loads of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) may impact infertility, as well as cause risk of transmission. The quality and quantity of semen demonstrate male reproductive health. This study aimed to investigate the semen quality affected by CT, MH, and UU loads.

Molecular Characterization of Fungal Colonization on the Provox™ Tracheoesophageal Voice Prosthesis in Post Laryngectomy Patients.

Background: Tracheoesophageal voice prostheses (TVPs) have been the gold standard in rehabilitation, after laryngectomy, producing faster and premier voicing towards esophageal speech. Fungal colonization shortens the device's lifetime and leads to prosthesis dysfunction, leakage, and subsequent respiratory infection. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the fungal colonization patterns and to propose prophylactic measures that shall increase the longevity of voice prosthesis.

The Value of Nasal and Oral Clinical Examination in Febrile Neutropenic Patients for Initiating Antifungal Therapy as a Preemptive Method.

Background: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are complications that lead to mortality and morbidity in hematologic malignancies. The time of starting antifungal therapy is vital. Preemptive antifungal therapy has appeared recently as a new policy for the management of IFIs based on noninvasive ways in neutropenic patients.

Development of an observational - perceptual heat strain risk assessment (OPHSRA) index and its validation.

Background: The thermal strain can be measured using subjective methods without the use of sensitive equipment. The purpose of the present study was the development and validation of an observational - perceptual heat strain risk assessment (OPHSRA) method.

Methods: This cross-sectional study, in 2019, was performed.

The Magnitude, Types, and Roles of Social Support in Diabetes Management among Diabetics' in Southern Ethiopia: a Multilevel, Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Lifelong medical management is the main intervention to reduce diabetes-related morbidities and premature deaths; yet, social support can be a vital intervention to improve diabetics' health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude, types, and role of social support in diabetes management in southern Ethiopia.

Methods: A multi-stage systematic sampling was applied to recruit 634 adult diabetics from the three-tiered healthcare system in the region.