A Novel Combination of Docosahexaenoic Acid, All-Trans Retinoic Acid, and 1, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Reduces T-Bet Gene Expression, Serum Interferon Gamma, and Clinical Scores but Promotes PPARγ Gene Expression in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Vitamins are immunologically interesting due to their significant immunomodulatory activities. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is one of the most commonly used experimental models for studying autoimmune disorder in multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective and ameliorative effects of novel combination of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (D), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on EAE-specific determinants and target gene expressions.