Risk of maculopathy with pentosan polysulfate sodium use.

Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have examined the risk of maculopathy with pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS), a drug indicated for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. However, results have been contradictory. Thus, we quantified the risk of maculopathy with PPS with a focus on risk with duration of use.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and risk of bleeding and acute ischemic events in non-hypertensive Alzheimer's patients.

Introduction: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are commonly used to treat mild to moderate cases of Alzheimer disease (AD). To the best of our knowledge, there has been no study estimating the risk of bleeding and cardiovascular events in patients with non-hypertensive AD. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the association between AChEIs and the risk of bleeding and cardiovascular ischemic events in patients with non-hypertensive AD.

The Incidence of Sympathetic Ophthalmia After Trauma: A Meta-analysis.

Purpose: Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a rare, bilateral panuveitis that occurs following open globe injury (OGI), with a variable incidence reported in the literature. Our objective was to determine the incidence proportion and incidence rate of SO following OGI to help guide shared physician-patient decision making.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

The association between hormonal contraceptive use and glaucoma in women of reproductive age.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the association between hormonal contraceptive (HC) use and the incidence of glaucoma in females of reproductive age with a focus on duration and type of HCs used.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study with a case-control analysis (nested case-control) was undertaken using data from IQVIA's electronic medical record (IQVIA, USA) from 2008 to 2018. Within a cohort of 4 871 504 women, cases of glaucoma or ocular hypertension were identified.

Effects of hormonal contraceptives on dry eye disease: a population-based study.

Background: Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are a known risk factor for dry eye disease (DED), yet the relationship between HCs use and DED in women of child-bearing age remains debatable. The aim of this study was to determine the association between HCs and DED in females of reproductive age.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from IQVIA's electronic medical record (IQVIA, USA).

Short and long-term barriers and facilitators of skin self-examination among individuals diagnosed with melanoma.

Background: Melanoma can be lethal if not detected early and treated. Early detection can be facilitated via skin self-examination (SSE) and as such, SSE is part of melanoma follow-up care for individuals with a prior history, who face a life-long risk of reoccurrence. The objective of the current study was to identify short- and long-term predictors of SSE among melanoma survivors to inform future prevention interventions in high-risk groups.

Oral Fluoroquinolones and Risk of Mitral and Aortic Regurgitation.

Background: Recent studies have linked fluoroquinolones (FQs) to cardiac adverse events, including aortic dissection and aneurysm. To date, whether FQs can increase the risk of aortic or mitral regurgitation has not been studied.

Objectives: This disproportionality analysis and case-control study examined whether FQs increase the risk of aortic and mitral regurgitation.

Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and risk of peripheral neuropathy in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Importance: Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) are widely used in the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases. A number of case reports have linked TNFi to neurologic adverse events including peripheral neuropathy (PN) in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Objectives: To quantify the risk of peripheral neuropathy with TNFi in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Association of Antidepressant Use With Drug-Related Extrapyramidal Symptoms: A Pharmacoepidemiological Study.

Background: Antidepressants are one of the most prescribed classes of medications. A number of case reports have linked these drugs to extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs), but no large epidemiologic study to date has examined this association. We sought to quantify the association of EPSs with different antidepressants by undertaking a large pharmacoepidemiologic study.

Outcomes of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Receiving and Not Receiving Reperfusion Therapy: The Importance of Examining All Patients.

Background: Hospitals treating patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may show good results with reperfusion treatment (fibrinolysis or primary percutaneous coronary intervention [PPCI]), but a comprehensive evaluation should factor in outcomes of patients with STEMI who do not receive reperfusion. We compared outcomes of patients receiving and not receiving reperfusion within a complete system of STEMI care by hospital type: PPCI centres, fibrinolysis centres, centres that only transfer for PPCI, and centres providing a mix of fibrinolysis and PPCI transfer.

Methods: All patients presenting to 82 Quebec hospitals with characteristic symptoms, a final diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and core-laboratory confirmed STEMI over two 6-month periods were studied.

Persistent Sexual Dysfunction with Finasteride 1 mg Taken for Hair Loss.

Purpose: To examine the risk of persistent sexual dysfunction (PSD) with finasteride 1 mg.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the IMS U.S.

Phase 2 study of panobinostat with or without rituximab in relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The majority of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tumors contain mutations in histone-modifying enzymes (HMEs), indicating a potential therapeutic benefit of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs), and preclinical data suggest that HDIs augment the effect of rituximab. In this randomized phase 2 study, we evaluated the response rate and toxicity of panobinostat, a pan-HDI administered 30 mg orally 3 times weekly, with or without rituximab, in 40 patients with relapsed or refractory de novo (n = 27) or transformed (n = 13) DLBCL. Candidate genes and whole exomes were sequenced in relapse tumor biopsies to search for molecular correlates, and these data were used to quantify circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in serial plasma samples.

Incidence and causes of maternal mortality in the USA.

Aim: To characterize the most common causes and risk factors of maternal mortality in the USA and observe trends over the past 9 years.

Methods: We carried out a population-based retrospective cohort study using data from the Health Care Cost and Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Women who were pregnant between 2003 and 2011 were identified.

Inflammatory bowel disease and risk of mortality in COPD.

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have higher incidence and prevalence of other chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We assessed whether IBD onset increases mortality risk in patients with COPD or asthma-associated COPD.Two population-based cohorts of COPD and asthma-COPD subjects were identified using the administrative health databases in Québec, Canada, 1990-2007.

Clinical Profiles Related to Timing of Death, Including In-Hospital Deaths Before Admission, in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who die in hospital before inpatient admission are generally not included in clinical studies and registries, and the clinical profiles of patients who die earlier versus later are not well defined. We aimed to characterize all patients with STEMI who arrived at emergency departments in the province of Quebec (Canada) based on inpatient admission status and when they died. All patients who presented with symptoms and core laboratory-confirmed STEMI or left bundle branch block during 6 months in 82 hospitals in Quebec were included.

Risk of Lymphoma, Colorectal and Skin Cancer in Patients with IBD Treated with Immunomodulators and Biologics: A Quebec Claims Database Study.

Background: Immunomodulatory medications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been associated with an increased risk of developing certain malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of melanoma, nonmelanoma skin cancer, colorectal cancer and lymphoma associated with immunomodulators and biologics in patients with IBD.

Methods: A nested case-control study was carried out using the provincial health insurance database of Québec, Canada (RAMQ/MedECHO).

Incidence and risk factors of sepsis mortality in labor, delivery and after birth: population-based study in the USA.

Aim: Maternal sepsis is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality around the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and mortality rate of sepsis, and the associated risk factors for their development during pregnancy, labor, delivery and the post-partum period.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study consisting of 5 million births that occurred in the USA.

Normalization of CEA Levels Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy is a Strong Predictor of Pathologic Complete Response in Rectal Cancer.

Background: Recent attention has been focused on the relationship between carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and pathological complete response (pCR), without consensus regarding its predictive value. This study aims to examine the association between CEA and pCR.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of all patients who underwent primary rectal cancer resection after neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).

The use of antidepressants and the risk of chronic atrial fibrillation.

Serotonin stimulation of the 5HT4 receptor might be responsible for an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Thus, we assessed whether the use of antidepressants (ADs) is associated with an increased risk of chronic AF (cAF). Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a nested case-control analysis was conducted within a cohort of new AD users having a diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety.

Antihypertensive agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system and the risk of sepsis.

Aims: In response to safety concerns from two large randomized controlled trials, we investigated whether the use of telmisartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), ARBs as a class and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) increase the risk of sepsis, sepsis-associated mortality and renal failure in hypertensive patients.

Methods: We performed a nested case-control study from a retrospective cohort of adults with hypertension from the UK General Practice Research Database diagnosed between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2009. All subjects hospitalized with sepsis during follow-up were matched for age, sex, practice and duration of follow-up with 10 control subjects.

Sickle cell disease and pregnancy outcomes: population-based study on 8.8 million births.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD) in pregnancy, and to measure risk factors, morbidity, and mortality among women with SCD with and without crisis at the time of birth.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study on all births in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) from 1999 to 2008. Births to SCD with and without crisis were identified using ICD-9 codes.

Trends, risk factors and mortality among women with venous thromboembolism during labour and delivery: a population-based study of 8 million births.

Objective: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is amongst the main causes of maternal death in the developed world. The objective of this study is to elucidate risk factors of VTE and specifically, predictors of fatal thromboembolic disease during the delivery.

Study Design: We conducted a population-based cohort study on 8 million birth records using the Healthcare Cost and Utilisation Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 1999 to 2008 to estimate the incidence and case fatality of VTE's during labour admission.