A Longitudinal Examination of Blood Sugar Dynamics in Diabetes and Non-Diabetes Using Growth Curve Model: The Sabzevar Persian Cohort Study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with substantial implications for public health. Understanding the factors influencing blood sugar fluctuations is crucial for effective diabetes management and prevention. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with blood sugar changes in diabetic patients and healthy individuals attending the Sabzevar Persian Cohort Center, employing the growth curve model.

A methodological quality review of citations of randomized controlled trials of diabetes type2 in leading clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews.

Objective: Evaluate methodological quality of type 2 diabetes RCTs conducted in Iran and cited in clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive methodological quality review, analyzing 286 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) on diabetes mellitus published in Iran from July 2004 to 2021. We searched six databases systematically and evaluated eligible articles using the CONSORT 2010 checklist for abstracts.

QUS characteristics in Normal Population: a Mini Review and our experience.

Objectives: Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a bone densitometry method that is less expensive and more portable than DXA. It is also noninvasive. QUS parameters include speed of sound (SOS), broad band ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and stiffness index (SI).

Comparing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in four lifestyles with a combination of high/low physical activity and healthy/unhealthy diet: a prospective cohort study.

Background: In this study, we assessed the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and all-cause mortality in subjects having an only physical activity or a healthy diet or both compared to those having none of these healthy behaviors in the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).

Methods: A total of 50,045 participants aged ≥ 40 years were recruited from Golestan Province, Iran, from 2004 to 2008 and followed for a median of 13.9 years.

Alterations in the Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Following Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: This study aimed to systematically review and pool data regarding the alterations in the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) following liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: Relevant prospective and retrospective observational studies were identified by searching databases and gray literature through December 2020. Random-effects models were used to calculate the pooled frequency of IBD patients with disease course alterations ("improved," "unchanged," or "aggravated") after LT and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Immunophenotypic and functional analysis of lymphocyte subsets in common variable immunodeficiency patients without monogenic defects.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is accompanied by various lymphocyte abnormalities believed to be mostly responsible for disease features in patients with no diagnosed monogenic defects. Here, we evaluated the association of B and T lymphocyte abnormalities with the incidence of CVID. Twenty-six genetically unsolved CVID patients were examined for B and T lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry and CD4 T-cell proliferation by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) test.

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with the occurrence of low bone density, osteopenia, and osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the association between VDR gene polymorphism and the occurrence of "low bone density (LBD)/osteopenia/osteoporosis" or LBDOO in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients among a clustered population in northwest of Iran. The studied VDR gene polymorphism included (rs7975232), (rs1544410), (rs2228570), (rs4516035) and, (rs731236).

Methods: In this population-based cross-sectional study, patients with T2D were identified within a group of 1266 participants based on self-report of diabetes, history of diabetes medication, and recorded laboratory data.

Lymphocytes subsets in correlation with clinical profile in CVID patients without monogenic defects.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients experience clinical manifestations rather than recurrent respiratory infections including autoimmunity, enteropathy, and lymphoproliferation. We evaluated the correlation of lymphocyte subpopulations with such manifestations. Twenty-six genetically unsolved CVID patients were subdivided into four phenotypes: infection only (IO), autoimmunity (AI), chronic enteropathy (CE), and lymphoproliferative disorders (LP) and examined for lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry and TCD4 proliferation by Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) test.

Transitional immature regulatory B cells and regulatory cytokines can discriminate chronic antibody-mediated rejection from stable graft function.

Background: The balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses of the immune system has been demonstrated to determine the fate of transplanted allografts. Here we analyzed CD19CD24CD38 immature transitional regulatory B (TRB) cells, as well as the gene and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the three separate groups, include of stable transplanted subjects, chronic antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR) patients, and healthy individuals.

Method: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from stable subjects (n = 36), cAMR patients (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 18) were isolated.

Safety and effectiveness of MRE in comparison with CTE in diagnosis of adult Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that is characterized by recurrent attacks and frequent recovery. The lifelong course of this disease requires frequent assessment of the disease activity. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of computed tomography enterography (CTE) to magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in adults with CD.

Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Elderly People in Iran: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Malnutrition occurs following a decrease or an imbalance in the absorption of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals because of numerous factors. Thus, it has serious and life-threatening consequences. To plan for this issue, we need information on the burden of this problem.

Pharmacological prophylaxis versus pancreatic duct stenting plus pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis in high risk patients: a randomized trial.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The aim of this noninferiority study was to evaluate the effectiveness of pancreatic duct (PD) stenting plus pharmacological prophylaxis vs. pharmacological prophylaxis alone in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) in high risk patients.

Effect of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on inflammatory markers in health and disease status: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

The current systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effect of probiotic/synbiotic on a wide range of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in healthy and various disease conditions. PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched. All clinical trials which investigated the effect of oral administration of probiotic or synbiotic on inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, interferon (IFN) γ and transforming growth factor (TGF) β) for more than one week with concurrent control groups were included.

The Effect of Vitamin D Supplements on Clinical and Para-Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease, which has a wide range of effects on patients. There are controversies regarding the role of vitamin D in clinical and laboratory improvements in MS patients.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review protocol is to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplements on relapse rate, gadolinium-enhancing lesions of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cytokine profiles.

Defining loneliness in older adults: protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Socialization is an important part of the healthy aging process, but natural changes in the lifestyle and health of older people increased risk of loneliness. However, loneliness is not well defined and might differ in different cultures and settings. The main objective of this systematic review is to summarize literature on the topic and propose a definition that might help aging research and practice in the future.

Quadriceps architecture in individuals with patellofemoral pain: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to identify differences in quadriceps architectural parameters between healthy individuals and those with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Introduction: Patellofemoral pain is one of the most common causes of knee pain among physically active populations. Muscular imbalance may play an important role in patellar malalignment or patellar maltracking.

Self-Monitoring by Traffic Light Color Coding Versus Usual Care on Outcomes of Patients With Heart Failure Reduced Ejection Fraction: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have symptoms that are more severe and experience a higher rate of hospitalization compared with HF preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients. However, symptom recognition cannot be made by patients based on current approaches. This problem is a barrier to effective self-care that needs to be improved by new self-monitoring instruments and strategies.

Prediction of postnatal abnormal coiling of the umbilical cord in gestational diabetes mellitus: a diagnostic accuracy study.

To investigate whether evaluations of antenatal umbilical coiling index (aUCI) could predict postnatal umbilical coiling index (UCI) (pUCI) in people with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with normal pregnancy independent of maternal demographic and reproductive characteristics. In this prospective study, 105 women with normal pregnancy, and 117 women with pregnancy complicated by GDM were recruited. Ultrasound scan of umbilical cord was performed at 18-23 and 37-41 weeks of gestation (WG).

Physical activity equivalent labeling vs. calorie labeling: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Many countries are trying to identify strategies to control obesity. Nutrition labeling is a policy that could lead to healthy food choices by providing information to consumers. Calorie labeling, for example, could lead to consumers choosing lower calorie foods.

Antenatal umbilical coiling index in gestational diabetes mellitus and non-gestational diabetes pregnancy.

Objective: Umbilical cord abnormalities increase fetal morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to compare antenatal umbilical coiling index (aUCI) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-gestational diabetes mellitus (non-GDM) pregnancy, considering uncertainties about the best time to perform antenatal ultrasonography scan.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, 246 parturients were included, 123 with GDM and 123 with non-GDM pregnancy.

Association between low bone mass and the serum RANKL and OPG in patients with nephrolithiasis.

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a risk factor for Osteopenia and osteoporosis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) regulate bone remodeling and osteoclastogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the relation between serum OPG, RANKL concentration, and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with kidney stone disease.

Efficacy of whole-cell pneumococcal vaccine in mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the fact that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have significantly reduced the rate of invasive pneumococcal diseases through the use of vaccine serotypes, infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major public health hazard. Serotype-independent vaccines that are economically viable species of common protein antigens such as whole-cell vaccines (WCVs) are needed. Considering the ongoing debate about the effectiveness of WCVs, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis was carried out to determine the efficacy of WCVs against colonization in mice.

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Reference Values and the Peak Muscle Mass to Identify Sarcopenia among Iranian Healthy Population.

Background: Sacopenia is a common problem in elderly with the adverse outcomes. The objective of this study was to estimate the peak appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and age of its attainment by sex among the Iranian population.

Methods: A total of 691 men and women aged 18-94 years participated in this cross-sectional, population-based study in Bushehr, Iran.