Shrub Encroachment: A Catalyst for Enhanced Soil Nutrients Storage in the Altai Mountains.

Shrub encroachment in grasslands has a major impact on soil carbon storage (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN), which affects nutrient cycling and ecosystem processes. We explored the effects of shrub encroachment on SOC and STN in five grassland types in the Altai Mountains: mountain meadows, temperate meadow steppe, temperate steppe, temperate steppe desert, and temperate desert steppe. Shrub encroachment considerably improved SOC and STN, with the greatest increases occurring in locations with high encroachment.

Flip bifurcation analysis and mathematical modeling of cholera disease by taking control measures.

To study the dynamical system, it is necessary to formulate the mathematical model to understand the dynamics of various diseases which are spread in the world wide. The objective of the research study is to assess the early diagnosis and treatment of cholera virus by implementing remedial methods with and without the use of drugs. A mathematical model is built with the hypothesis of strengthening the immune system, and a ABC operator is employed to turn the model into a fractional-order model.

Influence of Mineral Fertilizer and Manure Application on the Yield and Quality of Maize in Relation to Intercropping in the Southeast Republic of Kazakhstan.

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a valuable forage crop. It is also an essential and promising crop for the Republic of Kazakhstan, cultivated in the southern zone.