A CRISPR-HITI strategy approach to improve CHO cell viability by modifying the 3'UTR of Caspase 8 Associated Protein 2.

Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are essential in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Scientists use CRISPR to enhance productivity. mRNAs contain UTRs that regulate gene expression, affecting protein abundance.

Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: Enhanced shRNA Delivery with Tat Peptide in the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Treatment.

Purpose: This research investigated the development of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules designed to target specific regions of the human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) M and F genes. The study aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of these shRNAs and evaluate the effectiveness of Tat peptide-mediated delivery in enhancing their functionality.

Methods: We acquired isolates from pediatric patients experiencing respiratory illness then cultured in HEp-2 cells.

Overcoming Breast Cancer Drug Resistance: A Novel Approach Using siRNA-Mediated P-glycoprotein Downregulation to Enhance Vinorelbine Efficacy.

Purpose: Cancer, the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, represents a global health challenge, primarily due to drug resistance. Vinorelbine is a chemotherapeutic agent that disrupts cancer cell growth by targeting microtubules and inducing apoptosis. However, drug resistance remains a formidable obstacle.

SiRNA-Mediated Knockdown of ABCB1 Enhances the Efficacy of Doxorubicin and Vinorelbine in Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, primarily attributed to the formidable challenge of multidrug resistance, often driven by the overexpression of the ABCB1 gene.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the synergistic effects of siRNA, doxorubicin, and vinorelbine on ABCB1 gene expression and cell viability in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cells, with siRNA targeting ABCB1 to reduce its expression and doxorubicin/ vinorelbine to eradicate cancer cells.

Methods: Our methodology involved culturing MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells in standard cell culture conditions.

Overexpression Increases Sensitivity of MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR Cells to Epirubicin.

Background: Multi-drug resistance is an important challenge in the chemotherapy of cancer. The role of annexin A5 (ANXA5) in the biology of cancer has been the focus of many studies. Breast Cancer (BC) is frequent cancer in women with high morbidity and mortality rate.

Type distribution of human papillomaviruses in ThinPrep cytology samples and HPV16/18 E6 gene variations in FFPE cervical cancer specimens in Fars province, Iran.

Background: There exists strong evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancer (CC). HPV E6 is a major oncogene whose sequence variations may be associated with the development of CC. There is not sufficient data on the distribution of HPV types in ThinPrep cytology specimens and HPV 16/18 E6 gene variations among CC patients in the southwest of Iran.

Simultaneous detection and differentiation of and nontuberculous mycobacteria coexisting in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by single-tube multiplex PCR.

Background And Objectives: In clinical diagnostics, molecular methods are used to detect bacilli (MTB) and to distinguish them from non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). They are also used to make the right treatment decision for the patient as soon as possible. The aim of this study was to establish a rapid and novel multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay for the detection and differentiation of MTB and NTM in a single tube.

The molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer: Impact of Ibuprofen and hyperthermia.

Despite various treatment options available for colorectal cancer, the survival rates for patients remain low. This study investigated the effects of hyperthermia and Ibuprofen on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) viability, proliferation, and gene expression related to tumor suppression, Wnt signaling pathways, proliferation, and apoptosis The cells were exposed to hyperthermia at 42 or 43°C for 3 hours or Ibuprofen at different concentrations (700-1500 μM), and the effects were analyzed through MTT assay, trypan blue staining, and quantitative Real-time PCR. The study used quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) to evaluate the effect of hyperthermia and Ibuprofen on the expression of various genes associated with tumor suppression, proliferation, Wnt signaling pathway, and apoptosis.

Genetically engineered E. coli invade epithelial cells and transfer their genetic cargo into the cells: an approach to a gene delivery system.

Purpose: Despite advances in gene therapy, the lack of safe and efficient gene delivery systems limited the clinical effectiveness of gene therapy. Due to the inherent potential of bacteria, they can be considered as a good option for the gene transfer system. This study aimed to create a genetically engineered bacterium capable of entering epithelial cells and transferring its genetic cargo to the cell's cytoplasm, eventually expressing the gene of interest in the cell.

Activating transcription factor 3 inhibits NF‑κB p65 signaling pathway and mediates apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cervical cancer cells.

Background: As a novel tumor suppressor mediator, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) has recently aroused an interest in its possible therapeutic applications in various cancers. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ATF3 overexpression on the cellular level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected Ca Ski cells. Further, we examined whether ATF3 could mediate cell cycle arrest and alter the apoptosis level of Ca Ski cells.

Human herpesvirus 6A and 6B and polyomavirus JC and BK infections in renal cell carcinoma and their relationship with p53, p16INK4a, Ki-67, and nuclear factor-kappa B expression.

There are a limited number of studies regarding the involvement of viruses in the development and pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study, we aimed to discover whether human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and 6B (HHV-6B) and human polyomavirus JC (JCV) and BK (BKV) are associated with RCC and the expression of p53, p16INK4a, Ki-67, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in patients with RCC. A total of 122 histologically confirmed RCC tissue specimens and 96 specimens of their corresponding peritumoral tissues were included in this prospective study.

Maximizing the recovery of the native p28 bacterial peptide with improved activity and maintained solubility and stability in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3).

p28 is a natural bacterial product, which recently has attracted much attention as an efficient cell penetrating peptide (CPP) and a promising anticancer agent. Considering the interesting biological qualities of p28, maximizing its expression appears to be a prominent priority. The optimization of such bioprocesses might be facilitated by utilizing statistical approaches such as Design of Experiment (DoE).

The Pathogenic Aspects of Human Parvovirus B19 NS1 Protein in Chronic and Inflammatory Diseases.

Background: The nonstructural protein (NS1) of human parvovirus B19 (hPVB19) is considered to be a double-edged sword in its pathogenesis. NS1 protein promotes cell death by apoptosis in erythroid-lineage cells and is also implicated in triggering and the progression of various inflammation and autoimmune disorders.

Objectives: We investigated the possible role of hPVB19 NS1 in the modulation of proinflammatory cytokines in nonpermissive HEK-293T cells.

In vitro DNA plasmid condensation and transfection through pH-responsive nanohydrogel.

Nanohydrogels (NHs) with the benefits of both nanomaterials and hydrogels unlock novel opportunities and applications in biomedicine. Nowadays, cationic NHs have attracted attention in the delivery of genetic materials into cells. Herein, by using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer method, an NH-based poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and cross-linked by poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate with pH responsiveness character was developed.

Therapeutic approaches and vaccination in fighting COVID-19 infections: A review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a remarkably contagious and pathogenic viral infection arising from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which first appeared in Wuhan, China. For the time being, COVID-19 is not treated with a specific therapy. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Remdesivir as the first drug to treat COVID-19.

Epstein-Barr virus infection is associated with the nuclear factor-kappa B p65 signaling pathway in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: There have been few studies regarding viral involvement in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to examine the possible association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection with clinicopathological features and cellular biomarkers including p53, p16INK4a, Ki-67 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in RCC tumors.

Methods: In this prospective study, 122 histologically confirmed Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded RCC tissue specimens along with 96 specimens of their corresponding peritumoral tissues and 23 samples of blunt renal injuries were subjected to nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) in order to amplify EBV DNA sequences.

Activating transcription factor 3 mediates apoptotic functions through a p53-independent pathway in human papillomavirus 18 infected HeLa cells.

Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is the first p53 stability regulator that interferes with the ubiquitination of p53. However, the E6 oncoprotein of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) binds to and induces proteasome-dependent degradation of the host p53 protein. Herein, we investigate the effects of ATF3 overexpression on cell cycle progression and apoptosis in HPV-18-infected HeLa cells, and further examine whether ATF3 could alter the apoptosis level of HeLa cells through the inhibition of E6-mediated p53 degradation.

Construction and Evaluation of Short Hairpin RNAs for Knockdown of Metadherin mRNA.

Background: Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) has proven to be a powerful tool to study genes' function through RNA interference mechanism. Three different methods have been used in previous studies to produce shRNA expression vectors including oligonucleotide-based cloning, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based cloning, and primer extension PCR approaches. The aim of this study was designing a reliable and simple method according to the primer extension strategy for constructing four shRNA vectors in order to target different regions of Metadherin (MTDH) mRNA in human leukemic cell line Jurkat.

The effect of 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase gene overexpression in the kynurenine pathway on the expression levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and interferon-γ in inflammatory conditions: an in vitro study.

Background: The kynurenine pathway (KP) can be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and excessive neurotoxic metabolite production. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of overexpression of murine 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase (Acmsd) gene in inflammatory conditions in RAW 264.7 cell line to present more information about the effect of this gene on inflammatory conditions and the KP cycle.

Emergence of Highly Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Infections Admitted to Public Hospitals in Southwest Iran.

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms causing infections is increasing worldwide and becoming more serious in developing countries. Among those, species are becoming prominent.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the rate of antimicrobial resistance of the bacteria causing infections, pecies in particular, in local public hospitals in Firuzabad, Fars province, Iran.

Mitochondrial Targeted Peptide (KLAKLAK), and its Synergistic Radiotherapy Effects on Apoptosis of Radio Resistant Human Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line.

Background: Ionizing radiation plays a significant role in cancer treatment. Despite recent advances in radiotherapy approaches, the existence of irradiation-resistant cancer cells is still a noteworthy challenge. Therefore, developing novel therapeutic approaches are still warranted in order to increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation.