The Spectrum of Hypogonadism in Women From Basrah.

Background Determining the causes of female hypogonadism is crucial for guiding management and preventing complications. This study aimed to categorize the causes of female hypogonadism in Basrah and identify its frequency. Methodology This retrospective single-center study analyzed 1,111 women diagnosed with hypogonadism between 2008 and 2024 and described its etiology in women less than 45 years old (before menopause).

Possible Heterozygous Hypercholesterolemia Among Adults in Basrah, Southern Iraq.

Background Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease and is one of the most prevalent genetic disorders. We aimed to determine the prevalence of patients with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), presumptively indicating possible heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). Methods Retrospective data analysis was conducted for adult patients aged 18 and above with fasting LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL registered in Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center (FDEMC) in Basrah for the period from August 2008 to December 2023.

Changes in Thyroglobulin Antibody Levels in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients After Thyroidectomy: A Retrospective Study in Basrah, Iraq.

Introduction: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the most common endocrine malignancy is subdivided into papillary (the most common) and follicular type. Generally, DTC has a good prognosis with standard treatments such as surgery and, in some cases, radioactive iodine (RAI). Post-treatment follow-up includes thyroglobulin (Tg) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) measurement and imaging to assess treatment success and detect recurrence.

Outcome of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Retrospective Tertiary Center Experience From Basrah, Iraq.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is regarded as a common endocrine disorder that is biochemically identified and could be symptomatic or asymptomatic. A detailed history and a thorough evaluation with regular follow-ups are required until a definite diagnosis is made. The study aims to evaluate the characteristics of patients and the performance of a tertiary endocrine center in managing the disease in Basrah, Iraq.

Conditions Associated With Hypertriglyceridemia in Adult Patients in a Tertiary Care Center in Basrah, Iraq.

Background Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is one of the major modifiable risk factors for the development of several metabolic diseases. Determining the factors associated with HTG is an important step for increasing awareness of the problem and proper planning of health programs for HTG prevention. This study aimed to determine the conditions associated with HTG in adult patients in Basrah, Iraq.

Impulse Control Disorders in Southern Iraqi Patients Medicated With Cabergoline for Prolactinoma.

Background: Among the patient population in Basrah, Iraq, prolactinoma is the most commonly found pituitary tumor. Impulse control disorders (ICDs) were reportedly associated with these patients being treated with cabergoline. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ICDs in cabergoline-treated prolactinoma patients versus healthy, matched controls.

Triiodothyronine/Thyroxine Ratio as a Marker of Clinical Response to Levothyroxine Replacement in Patients With Hypothyroidism.

Background:  Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders with a simple therapy, that is levothyroxine (LT4). A normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement is used as a marker of optimal replacement. But, many patients still have symptoms.

Risk Stratification of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Single-Center Study in Basrah.

Background Differentiated thyroid cancer is a common endocrine cancer; most of it has an indolent course and favorable outcomes, with a subset of patients having the risk of disease recurrence, which can be assessed using the fixed American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification system or the dynamic response to therapy risk stratification that can be modified during patients follow-up. Aim The aim of this article is to assess the risk stratification of patients having differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study in which we evaluated medical records of 75 patients having differentiated thyroid cancer to assess the baseline ATA risk of recurrence and compared it to the results of dynamic risk stratification in response to therapy at 6-12 months post-surgery and at the last visit.

Cut-Off Value of Thyrotropin-Receptor Antibodies in Grave's Disease in Basrah.

Background: The diagnosis of Grave's disease (GD) poses a challenge. Thyrotropin-receptor antibodies (TRAb) are the key diagnostic feature of GD, as the American and European Thyroid Associations suggested.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to find a cut-off level of TRAb in GD in Basrah.

Diurnal Variation of Serum Total Testosterone in Women: A Single-Center Study From Basrah.

Background The diurnal variation of testosterone in women has received limited attention, despite its growing recognition as a crucial factor in female health and well-being. This study aims to investigate the diurnal fluctuations of total testosterone levels in apparently healthy women with regular menstrual cycles. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at Faiha Specialized Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Center in July 2023.

Comparing MRI volume measurement techniques for pituitary macroadenoma: Investigating volume reduction and its relationship with biochemical control.

Pituitary adenomas are one of the most common types of primary intracranial tumors. Measuring pituitary adenoma volume is fundamental for effective management. This study aimed to assess the reliability of the ellipsoid method in comparison with the perimeter method for measuring pituitary macroadenoma volume.

Validity of the Rapid Thyroxine Absorption Test for the Differentiation Between Levothyroxine Non-compliance and Malabsorption in Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Refractory Hypothyroidism.

Introduction Thyroid-stimulating hormone refractory hypothyroidism is a common problem. This is due to either non-compliance or malabsorption with levothyroxine (LT4). The study aimed to assess the validity of the rapid LT4 absorption test in the differentiation between LT4 malabsorption and non-compliance.

The Clinical Implications of Anti-thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies in Graves' Disease in Basrah.

Background Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease, with thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) being the most important cause in the pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical significance of anti-TPO Abs in GD. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at the Faiha specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center (FDEMC) in Basrah during the period between December 2021 and December 2022.

Prevalence of High Aldosterone-Renin Ratio in Patients With Hypertension in Basrah.

Background And Aim: Aldosterone-renin ratio (ARR) is an important screening tool for the assessment of primary aldosteronism as a cause of secondary hypertension. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of patients with elevated ARR among samples of Iraqi patients with hypertension.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center (FDEMC) in Basrah during the period of February 2020 to November 2021.

Management Outcomes in Males With Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Treated With Gonadotropins.

Background Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is an important cause of male infertility and loss of secondary sexual characteristics. Gonadotropin replacement is mandatory for sexual function, bone health, and normal psychological status. This study is to compare the effectiveness of different gonadotropin therapy modalities in the management of male hypogonadism.

Fasting Versus Non-Fasting Total Testosterone Levels in Women During the Childbearing Period.

Background Total testosterone in men should be measured in the fasting state early in the morning with at least two samples according to guidelines. For women, no such a recommendation is available despite the importance of testosterone in this demographic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of fasting versus non-fasting state on the total testosterone levels in women during the reproductive period.

Gluten-Free Diet in Co-Existent Celiac Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Is It Detrimental or Beneficial to Glycemic Control, Vascular Complications, and Quality of Life?

Celiac disease (CeD) is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and both have the same genetic background. Most patients with T1DM who develop CeD are either asymptomatic or have mild CeD-related gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, children affected by T1DM should undergo screening for asymptomatic CeD.

Correlation Between Clinical and Biochemical Markers in Patients With Acromegaly on Different Modalities of Treatment.

Background Acromegaly is a disabling disease caused by growth hormone (GH) over-secretion, associated with increased morbidity and mortality through different metabolic and somatic consequences involving soft tissue, acral overgrowth, and skin thickening, which will lead to different clinical manifestations. The study aimed to assess the correlation between biochemical markers of acromegaly with different clinical findings and biochemical control with the clinical findings. Methods A cross-sectional study was done on 56 patients with acromegaly attending a tertiary center for diabetes, endocrine, and metabolism in Southern Iraq Basrah.

Clinical and Radiological Findings in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome Type 2: Case report.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKHS) or Müllerian agenesis represents uterovaginal aplasia or hypoplasia of unknown aetiology in young women with usual 46,XX karyotype and normal secondary sexual characteristics. We report a 15-year-old female patient who presented to a specialised diabetes endocrine and metabolism centre in Basrah, Iraq, in 2019 with primary amenorrhoea and normal pubertal secondary sexual characteristics, hormonal workup and clinical examination. Abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cervical and uterine agenesis with the absence of the proximal thirds of the vagina.

Development of the First Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaires in Arabic for Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Part II): Dual-Center Validation of PCOSQoL-47 and PCOSQoL-42 Questionnaires.

Introduction Validation assesses the acceptability, responsiveness, interpretability, and quality of any questionnaire in any specific population. This is done by correlation matrix evaluation of the proposed test tool with a previously well-validated assessment tool. The study objective is the dual-center assessment of the construct validity of the first health-related quality of life questionnaires for married and unmarried women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), i.

Association between biochemical hyperandrogenism parameters and modified Ferriman-Gallwey score in patients with hirsutism in Basrah (Southern Iraq).

Introduction: Hyperandrogenemia is the most frequent endocrine disorder in women causing a variety of adverse metabolic disturbances. Establishing the diagnosis of androgen overproduction has significant implications for the follow-up and treatment of patients.

Aim: To investigate the severity of hirsutism and its correlation with serum androgen in women with hirsutism from Basrah (Southern Iraq).