Determining normal and abnormal reference values for corrective osteotomy for congenital hand malformation: a study on the zone of provisional calcification and bone axis.

Purpose: This study aims to establish reference values for the normal bone axis in children to assess the effectiveness of corrective osteotomy procedures and guide the treatment of congenital hand malformations and post-operative axis deviations.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out between January 1, 2022, and October 9, 2024. A total of 192 individuals were included.

[Peripheral arterial disease in black African diabetics: epidemioclinical, ultrasonographic profile and determining factors].

Background: Diabetes can lead to micro and macro-angiopathies. The peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a serious and an incapacitating disease. It is still under-estimated and under-treated throughout the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.