Perception and experience of clinicians and caregivers in treating childhood severe pneumonia and hypoxemia using bubble continuous positive airway pressure in Ethiopian tertiary and general hospitals.

Background: In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), severe pneumonia with hypoxemia is the leading cause of child deaths, even with the provision of WHO-recommended antibiotic therapy, oxygen therapy and other supportive care. Previous studies found positive outcomes from the use of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) for treating these children compared to the standard oxygen therapy. Due to lack of data on the perceptions and experiences of hospital health care workers and caregivers of children on the feasibility and acceptability of bCPAP in treating children with severe pneumonia and hypoxemia in real-life settings, we examined these issues in tertiary and general hospitals in Ethiopia.

Re-Expansion Pulmonary Edema in Children - A Rare Complication After Pneumothorax Drainage: A Case Report.

Background: Re-expansion Pulmonary Edema (RPE) is a non-cardiogenic form of pulmonary edema which occurs following rapid lung expansion after drainage of significant pneumothorax or pleural effusion, and rarely following resection of obstructive mediastinal mass. RPE is a rare but potentially fatal phenomenon with only few case reports in the pediatric literature.

Methods: We are reporting a case of RPE in a 5-year-old girl following drainage of pneumothorax who succumbed to worsening hypoxemia despite therapy with mechanical ventilation and other supportive care.

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is becoming a major public health problem globally; it is clear that the burden of MetS is rapidly increasing the rates of non-communicable diseases (NCD). In Ethiopia studies done so far have shown a large disparity in magnitude of the prevalence of MetS and were mainly institution-based studies. Therefore, this study assess the prevalence of MetS among adults who are residing in Gondar city using Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) assessment tool.

Hematologic Profiles of Ethiopian Preterm Infants With Clinical Diagnoses of Early-Onset Sepsis, Perinatal Asphyxia, and Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

To determine the hematologic profile of preterm infants with regard to different diseases. A prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, conducted in 5 hospitals in Ethiopia from July 2016 to May 2018. Preterm babies <7 days of age were included and investigated with complete blood counts (CBC) and other investigations, accordingly.

Determinants of Under-Five Pneumonia at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: An Unmatched Case-Control Study.

Background: Pneumonia causes about two million under-five deaths each year, accounting for nearly one in five child deaths globally. Knowing the determinants of under-five pneumonia is useful for prevention and intervention programs that are aimed to control the disease. Thus, the main aim of this study was to assess the determinants of under-five pneumonia at Gondar University Hospital, Ethiopia.

Patterns of admission and factors associated with neonatal mortality among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Introduction: The neonatal period is a highly vulnerable time for an infant completing many of the physiologic adjustments required for life outside the uterus. As a result, there are high rates of morbidity and mortality. The three major causes of mortality in developing countries include prematurity, infection, and perinatal asphyxia.

Unusual presentation of prune belly syndrome: a case report.

Background: Prune belly syndrome is a rare congenital malformation of unknown etiology, with the following triad of findings: abdominal muscle wall weakness, undescended testes, and urinary tract abnormalities. In most cases, detection of prune belly syndrome occurs during neonatal or infancy period. In this case report, we describe a 12-year-old boy from Ethiopia with the triad of findings of prune belly syndrome along with skeletal malformations.

Hematologic abnormalities and associated factors among HIV infected children pre- and post-antiretroviral treatment, North West Ethiopia.

Introduction: There are few studies on the hematologic parameters of HIV-infected individuals in Ethiopia; of these, almost all studies researched adults. Our current study is unique in that it mainly focused on the pediatric population and compared both pre- and post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) children. Inference from this study can be used for other developing countries where the burden of HIV disease is high.

Diabetes mellitus among HIV-infected individuals in follow-up care at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in northwest Ethiopia.

Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: HIV clinic of the University of Gondar Hospital, Ethiopia.