Scoping review on assessing climate-sensitive health risks.

Background: Climate change is making the existing health problems worse and also introducing new health problem and therefore calls for a wider evaluation of climate sensitive global diseases. The review sought to assess and collate quantitative and qualitative evidence on the effects of climate change on global health, more specifically, infectious and respiratory diseases, the impacts of extreme weather events as well as the implications for mental health with the view of establishing appropriate sustainable and resilience public health measures and policies.

Methodology: A scoping review of observational studies carried out between the years 2000 and 2024, synthesized information on climate-sensitive health outcomes: infectious diseases, severe weather events, and mental illnesses.

A mixed-method study on antimicrobial resistance infection drivers in neonatal intensive care units: pathways, risks, and solutions.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) complicates treatment of healthcare-associated infections, causing high morbidity and mortality, especially among low-birth-weight and critically ill infants. This study evaluates AMR prevalence, risk factors, outcomes and infection control measures at Felege Hiwot Hospital, aiming to guide clinical practices, antimicrobial stewardship, and improved neonatal health outcomes.

Methods: This mixed-methods study (Oct 2022-Jun 2023) assessed AMR in NICU neonates by analyzing 420 blood samples, environmental swabs, and staff insights.

Viral load suppression rate of third-line antiretroviral therapy and its association with gender among HIV patients after second-line treatment failure in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Previous works of literatures on the viral load suppression rate of third line antiretroviral therapy in Africa has produced inconsistent and inconclusive results, with rates varying between 62% and 95%. This variability poses challenges for policymakers and healthcare providers in making informed decisions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the overall viral load suppression rate of third line antiretroviral therapy in Africa and to clarify the contradictory relationship between gender and viral load suppression, based on existing primary studies.

Having a latrine facility is not a guarantee for eliminating open defecation owing to socio-demographic and environmental factors: The case of Machakel district in Ethiopia.

Background: Open defecation practice problem is rampant in most rural areas of developing countries, including Ethiopia. To combat this problem, the Ethiopian government implemented different sanitation interventions including Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene (CLTSH). The CLTSH approach is mainly aimed to eradicate open defecation practice through mobilizing the community to construct a latrine facility and utilize it.