The effects of disturbance on woody species composition, structure and regeneration status in the ura natural forest, Guangua district, Awi Zone, Ethiopia.

Ethiopia Province has diverse forest resources. However, it has decreased over time, leaving the country's forest with only remnant patches. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the species composition, structure and regeneration status of woody plant species along disturbance gradients.

Bacterial profiles, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and associated factors of symptomatic urinary tract infections among symptomatic university students at Haramaya University, Eastern Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a highly prevalent infection that can affect individuals of all ages, posing a significant risk to global health in terms of both morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria adds to the complexity of this public health issue. There is limited data on the current study area.

SIGNIFICANCE deep learning based platform to fight illicit trafficking of Cultural Heritage goods.

The illicit traffic of cultural goods remains a persistent global challenge, despite the proliferation of comprehensive legislative frameworks developed to address and prevent cultural property crimes. Online platforms, especially social media and e-commerce, have facilitated illegal trade and pose significant challenges for law enforcement agencies. To address this issue, the European project SIGNIFICANCE was born, with the aim of combating illicit traffic of Cultural Heritage (CH) goods.

Real-life Data on Cefiderocol Efficacy and Safety to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Infections.

Background: The objective of this study was to expand data on cefiderocol efficacy to treat multidrug-resistant infections.

Methods: This was a retrospective monocentric study including patients hospitalized (>24 hours) at Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy, between May 1, 2021, and September 1, 2022, treated with cefiderocol (>48 hours). The primary objective was early clinical improvement at 48-72 hours from cefiderocol start; secondary objectives were clinical success (composite outcome of infection resolution and 14-day survival), breakthrough infection, overall 30-day mortality, and cefiderocol-related adverse events.

Primaquine radical cure in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in areas co-endemic for P falciparum and Plasmodium vivax (PRIMA): a multicentre, open-label, superiority randomised controlled trial.

Background: In areas co-endemic for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum there is an increased risk of P vivax parasitaemia following P falciparum malaria. Radical cure is currently only recommended for patients presenting with P vivax malaria. Expanding the indication for radical cure to patients presenting with P falciparum malaria could reduce their risk of subsequent P vivax parasitaemia.

Crossroads of Antimicrobial and Diagnostic Stewardship: Assessing Risks to Develop Clinical Decision Support to Combat Multidrug-Resistant .

Background: Early detection of multidrug-resistant (MDRP) remains challenging. Existing risk prediction tools are difficult to translate to bedside application. The goal of this study was to develop a simple electronic medical record (EMR)-integrated tool for prediction of MDRP infection.

Population structure and distribution of geladas (, Ruppell 1835) in Kotu forest, Northern Ethiopia.

Endemic gelada populations outside protected areas are less investigated, and population census data are not available. As a result, a study was conducted to investigate the population size, structure, and distribution of geladas in Kotu forest and associated grasslands, in northern Ethiopia. The study area was stratified into five dominant habitat types namely, grassland, wooded grassland, plantation forest, natural forest, and bushland based on dominant vegetation type.

Human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infections occurring early after transplantation are risk factors for antibody-mediated rejection in heart transplant recipients.

Background: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is a serious complication affecting the survival of patients receiving transplantation. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are common viral infections that occur after transplantation, frequently emerging as viral reactivation in donor grafts or transplant recipients. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CMV and EBV infections and early-onset AMR.

Nutritional quality and adulterants of cow raw milk, pasteurized and cottage cheese collected along value chain from three regions of Ethiopia.

Milk is a nutritionally rich food for humans. However, fulfilling the quality of milk is a major concern for milk factories, nutrient requirements, and public health. The objective of this research was to assess the composition of raw and pasteurized milk and cheese, evaluate change in milk and cheese composition along the value chain, and identify adulteration of milk.

Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M in Raw Milk and Cottage Cheese in Adults in Ethiopia.

Aflatoxin M (milk toxin) found in milk is formed from the hepatic biotransformation of AFB (aflatoxin B) and poses a risk to human health when consumed. The risk assessment of AFM exposure due to milk consumption is a valuable way to assess health risk. The objective of the present work was to determine an exposure and risk assessment of AFM in raw milk and cheese, and it is the first of its kind in Ethiopia.

Four-Year Follow-Up of the Maternal Immunological, Virological and Clinical Settings of a 36-Year-Old Woman Experiencing Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection Leading to Intrauterine Infection.

The present study aims to provide the sequential immunological, clinical and virological events occurring in a CMV-infected pregnant woman experiencing intrauterine CMV transmission. In brief, a case of primary CMV infection occurred in a 36-year-old pregnant woman. The patient exhibited early-sustained viremia and viruria, detectable presence of CMV in saliva concomitant with a strong CMV-specific cell-mediated response (427 EliSpots).

Effective Area Measurements of Magnetic Pick-Up Coil Sensors for RFX-mod2.

A meaningful characterization of the magnetic configuration of toroidal plasmas requires the identification and estimation of the sources of error on each magnetic measurement of the overall diagnostic system. Thus, the correct characterization of magnetic pick-up coil sensors and the assessment of their reliability becomes a necessary requirement before their permanent installation in the RFX-mod2 experiment. The experimental characterization methodology developed for the three-axes magnetic pick-up coil sensors of RFX-mod2 experiment is presented here.

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and its Reasons in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy becomes the major bottleneck to the global healthcare system in minimizing the spread of the virus. This study aimed at assessing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its reasons among residents of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between May 16 to 29, 2021 in purposively selected four districts of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Daily Activity Pattern of Geladas ( Ruppell 1835) in Kotu Forest, Northern Ethiopia.

Gelada () is one of the endemic primates of Ethiopia. The ecology of meta populations of geladas outside protected areas is less studied, and their population status is uncertain. As a result, we conducted a study to investigate the daily activity pattern of gelada in Kotu forest and associated grasslands in northern Ethiopia from August 2017 to February 2018 covering both wet and dry seasons.

Woody species diversity and carbon stock of church forests along age gradient in Dangila district, Awi-zone, Ethiopia.

Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Churches comprise remnant native woody species around their premises that are important for biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. The current study was conducted to examine woody species diversity and carbon stock of church forests along age gradient in Dangila district, Awi-zone, Ethiopia. A list of documented churches was taken from parish council and tourism that categorized into three age gradients i.

Bacterial Vaginosis and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Harar City, Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common causes of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age, especially pregnant women. It is characterized by the decrement of lactobacilli and increasing proliferation of diverse anaerobic bacteria. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and contributing factors vary between countries, within the same country, and among different populations.

Reducing the risk of Plasmodium vivax after falciparum infections in co-endemic areas-a randomized controlled trial (PRIMA).

Background: Plasmodium vivax forms dormant liver stages that can reactivate weeks or months following an acute infection. Recurrent infections are often associated with a febrile illness and can cause a cumulative risk of severe anaemia, direct and indirect mortality, and onward transmission of the parasite. There is an increased risk of P.

Perceived Self Efficacy in Implementing COVID-19 Preventive Measures Among Residents of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has now become a major international public health concern and a major challenge for the entire world. Poor adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures continues to be a challenge in managing COVID-19 pandemics, including in Ethiopia. As a result, the current study sought to identify the determinants of community adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures among the adult population of Harari Regional State in Eastern Ethiopia.

Aflatoxin M in Raw Milk, Pasteurized Milk and Cottage Cheese Collected along Value Chain Actors from Three Regions of Ethiopia.

Milk is a highly nutritious and perfect natural food for humans. However, when lactating animals feed on Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-containing feed, the hydroxyl metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contaminates the milk and dairy products. The objective of the current study was to assess the level of AFM1 in raw milk, normally pasteurized milk and Ethiopian cottage cheese collected from value chain actors (producers, collectors, processors and retailers).

Health status of street children and reasons for being forced to live on the streets in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. Using mixed methods.

Introduction: In Ethiopia, more than four million children are anticipated to live under particularly difficult circumstances. Street children are subject to violence, a lack of health care, and a lack of education. Which denies them the right to live in a secure environment and exposes them to different health problems.

Urinary tract infection, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates, and associated factors among women with a post-fistula at public health facilities, Harar, eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection remains one of the major public health problems among post-fistula patients worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, antimicrobial resistance impedes the effective infection prevention and treatment of ever-increasing bacteria. There was a paucity of data on urinary tract infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of bacteria among post-fistula patients.

Sero-Prevalence of HBV and its Associated Factors Among Healthcare Providers in Public Health Facilities in Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Healthcare providers are in high occupational risk of Hepatitis B virus infection than that of the general population because of the high risk of occupational exposure to patients' body fluids and accidental sharp injuries. There are no large facility-based studies conducted on the prevalence of HBV infection and its associated factors among health care providers in eastern Ethiopia.

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and its associated factors among the healthcare providers in public health facilities in eastern Ethiopia.

Magnitude of Surgical Site Infections, Bacterial Etiologies, Associated Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates Among Post-Operative Patients in Harari Region Public Hospitals, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are infections that occur one month after a surgical operation or one year after implant surgery and a surgical procedure, either at the injury site or near the injury site. Surgical site infections are still a major global problem, especially in developing countries, where they cause increased morbidity and mortality. There is a dearth of information regarding SSIs in the eastern Ethiopia, particularly in this study area.

Community risk perception and health-seeking behavior in the era of COVID-19 among adult residents of Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia.

Background: COVID-19 brought significant challenges to public health. It changed the view of global health and safety, trust in the healthcare system, and clients' willingness to seek healthcare. To contain the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and its detrimental effects, understanding peoples' health behavior, especially healthcare-seeking, and determining the community risk perception is very important.

Subcutaneous mycoses in Ethiopia: a retrospective study in a single dermatology center.

Background: The magnitude of various types of subcutaneous mycoses in Ethiopia is unknown.

Methods: We performed a 5-y retrospective review of confirmed cases at ALERT hospital dermatology clinics.

Result: Confirmed cases of subcutaneous mycoses included chromoblastomycosis (n=12) and mycetoma (n=8).