Exploration of SOD3 from gene to therapeutic prospects: a brief review.

Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is a type of antioxidant enzyme, which plays an important role in converting superoxide anion into hydrogen peroxide through its extracellular activity. This enzyme has been widely studied and evaluated from various points of view, including maintaining cellular redox balance, protecting against oxidative damage, and enhancing overall cellular resilience. The current paper focuses on SOD3 expression from a functional perspective.

Evidence of Urtica dioica Agglutinin's Antiproliferative and Anti-migratory Potentials on the Hyaluronic Acid-Overexpressing Prostate Cancer Cells.

Hyaluronic acid is composed of repeating sugar units, glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, which are often associated with increased tumor progression. agglutinin is a potential component that exhibits a high affinity for binding to N-acetylglucosamine. This study aimed to investigate Agglutinin's potential to inhibit the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells with high expression of hyaluronic acid through molecular docking and studies.

Exosomes from SHED-MSC regulate polarization and stress oxidative indexes in THP-1 derived M1 macrophages.

Objective: The inhibition of M1 macrophages may be interesting for targeted therapy with mesenchymal stem cell-derived Exosomes (MSC-EXOs). This study aimed to investigate the stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth-derived EXOs (SHED-MSC-EXOs) effect on regulating the pro- and anti-oxidant indexes and inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization. Besides, an in-silico analysis of SHED-MSC-EXO miRNAs as the highest frequency of small RNAs in the exosomes was performed to discover the possible mechanism.

Optimization of Affinity Chromatography Based on Sepharose 4B- chitin for Rapid Purification of Agglutinin.

Background: Today, numerous antimicrobial and anticancer properties have been reported for plant lectins due to their ability to bind to carbohydrates. The agglutinin (UDA lectin) is a monomeric, small, and low molecular weight glycoprotein. It has attracted the attention of many researchers for identification, treatment, and other clinical purposes.

Association between -rs662 Gene Polymorphism and Diabetic Retinopathy in Population of the Qom, Iran.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is the most severe diabetic microvascular complication that causes changes in the vessel wall. One of the genes involved in this disease is , which encodes paraoxanase1 protein in liver and kidney. It might regulate inflammatory and microvascular responses to the disease.

Myopic regression after photorefractive keratectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Myopic regression is a major complication of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). The rates and causes vary considerably among different studies. This study aimed to investigate myopic regression at six months after myopic PRK.

Variation of the genes encoding antioxidant enzymes SOD2 (rs4880), GPX1 (rs1050450), and CAT (rs1001179) and susceptibility to male infertility: a genetic association study and in silico analysis.

Enzymatic factors including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) are among the most important protective antioxidant systems in human semen. This study was conducted to investigate the association between the activities of the mentioned enzymes in semen and also the association between SOD2 rs4880, GPX1 rs1050450, and CAT rs1001179 polymorphisms with male infertility, which was followed by a bioinformatics approach. In a case-control study, 223 infertile men and 154 healthy fertile men were included in the study.

Role of charged residues of the "electrostatic loop" of hSOD1 in promotion of aggregation: Implications for the mechanism of ALS-associated mutations under amyloidogenic conditions.

Protein misfolding and amyloid formation are hallmarks of numerous diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in which hSOD1 aggregation is involved in pathogenesis. We used two point mutations in the electrostatic loop, G138E and T137R, to analyze charge distribution under destabilizing circumstances to gain more about how ALS-linked mutations affect SOD1 protein stability or net repulsive charge. We show that protein charge is important in the ALS disease process using bioinformatics and experiments.

Missense polymorphisms potentially involved in mandibular prognathism.

Objective: The current study aimed to identify and analyze missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can potentially cause mandibular prognathism.

Methods: After reviewing the articles, 56 genes associated with mandibular prognathism were identified and their missense SNPs were retrieved from the NCBI website. Several web-based tools including CADD, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, SNAP2, PANTHER, FATHMM, and PON-P2 were used to filter out harmful SNPs.

Inhibitory potency of the nettle lectin on neovascularization: a biomolecule for carbohydrate-mediated targeting of angiogenesis.

Background: Current angiogenesis inhibitors target cellular vascularization processes, including proliferation, migration, and tube formation. In this study, we investigated the impact of Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA) on the cellular vascularization process.

Methods And Results: Various concentrations of UDA were applied to normal (HUVEC, MCF-10 A, and HDF from humans, and L-929 from mice) and cancer (A431 and U87 from humans, and 4T1 from mice) cell lines at different times.

The impact of non-coding RNAs in the pathobiology of eye disorders.

Eye disorders are common disorders with significant effects on personal, economic, and social aspects of life. These disorders have a genetic background and are associated with dysregulation of non-coding RNAs. Three classes of these transcripts, namely long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have established roles in the regulation of gene expression and pathoetiology of ocular disorders.

Human DT-diaphorase expression in : optimization, purification and structural stability.

Expression and purification of human DT-diaphorase, also referred to as NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1; EC. 1.6.

CD44 rs13347C>T Variants in 3'UTR and Prostate Neoplasms: A Case-control Study and Bioinformatics Approach.

CD44, a cell-surface receptor and a key player in cellular signaling, can act as both tumor suppressor and promoter. This study aimed to investigate the association of rs13347C>T variants with prostate neoplasms, including both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancers using a case-control and bioinformatics approach. Genomic DNA was extracted from 545 blood samples (225 BPH, 225 prostate cancers, and 95 control) and the rs13347C>T genotypes were identified using PCR-RFLP.

Mutant Allele of CD44 (rs8193C>T) and Pum2 Regulatory Element as A Prognosis Factor of Prostate Neoplasms: A Case-Control and In Silico Studies.

Objective: Expression of CD44 variant 6 (CD44v6) as a homing-associated cell adhesion molecule (HCAM), has proved to change most cancer cells. Aim of the study is the effect of mutant allele of CD44 (rs8193C>T) and Pum2 regulatory element as a prognosis factor of prostate neoplasms: a case-control and in silico studies in the Mazandaran province-Iran.

Materials And Methods: In a case-control study, CD44-rs8193C>T genotyping of the 420 prostate neoplasms (210 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and 210 prostate cancer patients) and 150 healthy samples are performed by the touchdown polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) method.

Effects of agglutinin on glycotargeting of the vasculature: an study on chicken embryo.

The angiogenesis process is a pivotal cellular process involved in both developmental and pathological circumstances. In this study we investigated effect of Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA), as an unusual phyto-lectin from the chitin-binding protein family, on the angiogenesis of chicken embryos. The UDA was extracted from plant rhizomes and purified by affinity chromatography column.

Influence of COL2A1-G1405S polymorphism on mandibular skeletal malocclusions: A genetic association study and in silico analysis.

Objective: The current study aimed to assess the association between collagen type II alpha 1 chain (COL2A1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP: rs2070739; C>T; G1405S) and mandibular skeletal malocclusions in the population of Mazandaran (North Iran).

Design: During 13 months, 102 control samples, 81 samples with skeletal Class III malocclusion contributed by mandibular prognathism and 82 samples with skeletal Class II malocclusion contributed by mandibular retrognathism were screened. Cephalometric analysis was performed to determine the type of abnormalities.

In Silico Analysis of Collagens Missense SNPs and Human Abnormalities.

Collagens are the most abundant proteins in the extra cellular matrix/ECM of human tissues that are encoded by different genes. There are single nucleotide polymorphisms/SNPs which are considered as the most useful biomarkers for some disease diagnosis or prognosis. The aim of this study is screening and identifying the functional missense SNPs of human ECM-collagens and investigating their correlation with human abnormalities.

Features of Pathobiology and Clinical Translation of Approved Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently the most important etiological agent of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with millions of infections and deaths in the last 2 years worldwide. Several reasons and parameters are responsible for the difficult management of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients; the first is virus behavioral factors such as high transmission rate, and the different molecular and cellular mechanisms of pathogenesis remain a matter of controversy, which is another factor.

Summary: In the present review, we attempted to explain about features of SARS-COV-2, particularly focusing on the various aspects of pathogenesis and treatment strategies.

In vivo assessment of APPJ discharge on the earthworm: coelomic TAC and MDA levels, cell death, and tissue regeneration.

The effective medical applications of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) have been reported by many researchers, including sterilization of liquid and solid surfaces, treatment of chronic wounds, treatment of cancer tumors, and blood clots. Therefore, in this study, we exposed Aporrectodea trapezoides and Eisenia fetida earthworms to APPJ discharge (0-30 s) to evaluate the impacts on regeneration of missed segments, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation (LPo), catalase activity (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total proteins, and protein profile. Results showed APPJ induced significant effects on regeneration ability of earthworms after 20 and 30 s of exposure (p < 0.

Missense mutations involvement in COX-2 structure, and protein-substrate binding affinity: study.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible inflammatory enzyme, which produces prostanoids from arachidonic acid. COX-2 overexpression and over-activity can cause inflammation, tumorigenesis, and angiogenesis. Prostanoids are the main reason for the inflammation, and increase of mitogenesis by COX-2.

The Functional Roles of Curcumin on Astrocytes in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Progressive abnormality and loss of axons and neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) cause neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Protein misfolding and its collection are the most important pathological features of NDs. Astrocytes are the most plentiful cells in the mammalian CNS (about 20-40% of the human brain) and have several central functions in the maintenance of the health and correct function of the CNS.

The decellularized ovary as a potential scaffold for maturation of preantral ovarian follicles of prepubertal mice.

GAG: glycosaminoglycan; ECM: extracellular matrix; 2D: two-dimensional; E2: estradiol; P4: progesterone; BMP15: bone morphogenetic protein 15; GDF9: growth differentiation factor 9; : zona pellucida 2; : growth/differentiation factor-9; : bone morphogenetic protein 6; : bone morphogenetic protein 15.

Over-Expression: A Colorectal Carcinoma Initiator not an Invasive Factor.

Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) main product is Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which cause mitogenesis and inflammation. COX-2 is the product of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 () gene expression. COX-2 dysregulation can cause angiogenesis, differentiation, and promotion of cancer and its suppression related to control of the tumor's size, number, and cell shape.

Investigation of the association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-T786C gene polymorphism with the risk of male infertility in an Iranian population.

Recent studies have demonstrated that making the sorts of oxygen reactive, such as nitric oxide, can cause oxidative lipid damage, protein damage, and damage to the DNA of cells. Sperm DNA damage effect on the reduction of sperm mobility and damage of acrosome membrane lead to the inability of sperm to fertilize the oocyte. Increasing expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene is seen in various diseases such as cardiovascular and infertility diseases.