Validation of diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and stroke in electronic medical records: a primary care cross-sectional study in Madrid, Spain (the e-MADVEVA Study).

Objectives: To validate the diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke recorded in electronic medical records (EMR) and to estimate the population prevalence of both diseases in people aged ≥18 years.

Design: Cross-sectional validation study.

Setting: 45 primary care centres.

Development and validation of a clinical score for identifying patients with high risk of latent autoimmune adult diabetes (LADA): The LADA primary care-protocol study.

Background: Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a type of diabetes mellitus showing overlapping characteristics between type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and autoimmunity against insulin-producing pancreatic cells. For its diagnosis, at least one type of anti-pancreatic islet antibody (GADAb is the most common) is required. Many authors recommend performing this measure in all newly diagnosed patients with DM, but it is not possible in Primary Health Care (PHC) due to its high cost.

Real-world data in primary care: validation of diagnosis of atrial fibrillation in primary care electronic medical records and estimated prevalence among consulting patients'.

Background: Primary care electronic medical records contain clinical-administrative information on a high percentage of the population. Before this information can be used for epidemiological purposes, its quality must be verified. This study aims to validate diagnoses of atrial fibrillation (AF) recorded in primary care electronic medical records and to estimate the prevalence of AF in the population attending primary care consultations.

Prevalence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain (the DIADEMA Study) : results from the MADIABETES cohort.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to identify sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors associated with depression in this population. Additionally, we examine the annual incidence rate of depression among patients with T2DM.

Methods: We performed a large prospective cohort study of patients with T2DM from the Madrid Diabetes Study.

Effectiveness of standardized nursing care plans to achieve A1C, blood pressure, and LDL-C goals among people with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus at baseline: four-year follow-up study.

Background: No studies that have measured the role of nursing care plans in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our objectives were firstly, to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing Standardized languages in Nursing Care Plans (SNCP) for improving A1C, blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ABC goals) in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus at baseline (A1C ≥7%, blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol≥100 mg/dl) compared with Usual Nursing Care (UNC). Secondly, to evaluate the factors associated with these goals.

Prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and factors associated: An epidemiological analysis from the population-based Screening PRE-diabetes and type 2 DIAbetes (SPREDIA-2) study.

Aim: To describe the prevalence of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) in a random population sample and to evaluate its relationship with Mediterranean diet and with other potential cardiovascular risk factors such as serum uric acid and pulse pressure in individuals ranged 45 to 74 years.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 1568 subjects (mean age 6.5 years, 43% males), randomly selected from the population.

Body mass index and all-cause mortality among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: Findings from the 5-year follow-up of the MADIABETES cohort.

Purpose: To analyse the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in a 5-year follow-up study with Spanish type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, seeking gender differences.

Methods: 3443 T2DM outpatients were studied. At baseline and annually, patients were subjected to anamnesis, a physical examination, and biochemical tests.

Performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and a Simplified Finnish Diabetes Risk Score in a Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Programme for Screening of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dysglycaemia in Madrid, Spain: The SPREDIA-2 Study.

Aim: To evaluate the performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and a simplified FINDRISC score (MADRISC) in screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (UT2DM) and dysglycaemia.

Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out with participants with UT2DM, ranged between 45-74 years and lived in two districts in the north of metropolitan Madrid (Spain). The FINDRISC and MADRISC scores were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve method (ROC-AUC).

Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the MADIABETES Cohort Study: Association with chronic kidney disease.

Aims: To assess the prevalence of stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) at baseline and to identify associated risk factors. To determine the effect of CKD and CKD stage according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria categories on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality after a 5-year follow-up.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of 3443 outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Validating prediction scales of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain: the SPREDIA-2 population-based prospective cohort study protocol.

Introduction: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. When diagnosed, many patients already have organ damage or advance subclinical atherosclerosis. An early diagnosis could allow the implementation of lifestyle changes and treatment options aimed at delaying the progression of the disease and to avoid cardiovascular complications.

Health-related quality of life of latin-american immigrants and spanish-born attended in spanish primary health care: socio-demographic and psychosocial factors.

Background: This study compares the health-related quality of life of Spanish-born and Latin American-born individuals settled in Spain. Socio-demographic and psychosocial factors associated with health-related quality of life are analyzed.

Methods: A cross-sectional Primary Health Care multi center-based study of Latin American-born (n = 691) and Spanish-born (n = 903) outpatients from 15 Primary Health Care Centers (Madrid, Spain).

Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in an adult type 2 diabetes Spanish population between 2003 and 2009.

In patients with type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of hypertension is higher than in non-diabetic subjects. Despite the high cardiovascular risk involving hypertension in these patients, its prevalence and control are not well known. The aims of this study were: to estimate the hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in Spanish adults with type 2 diabetes attended in Primary Care; and to analyse its time trend from 2003 to 2009.

Effectiveness of standardized Nursing Care Plans in health outcomes in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a two-year prospective follow-up study.

Background: Implementation of a standardized language in Nursing Care Plans (SNCP) allows for increased efficiency in nursing data management. However, the potential relationship with patientś health outcomes remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of SNCP implementation, based on North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) and Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), in the improvement of metabolic, weight, and blood pressure control of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Cluster randomized trial to evaluate the effect of a multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy in primary care.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention in primary care health professionals for improved compliance with hand hygiene practice, based on the World Health Organization's 5 Moments for Health Hygiene.

Design: Cluster randomized trial, parallel 2-group study (intervention and control).

Setting: Primary healthcare centers in Madrid, Spain.

Validation of diabetes mellitus and hypertension diagnosis in computerized medical records in primary health care.

Background: Computerized Clinical Records, which are incorporated in primary health care practice, have great potential for research. In order to use this information, data quality and reliability must be assessed to prevent compromising the validity of the results.The aim of this study is to validate the diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the computerized clinical records of primary health care, taking the diagnosis criteria established in the most prominently used clinical guidelines as the gold standard against which what measure the sensitivity, specificity, and determine the predictive values.

Effectiveness of PRECEDE model for health education on changes and level of control of HbA1c, blood pressure, lipids, and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Individual health education is considered to be essential in the overall care of patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2), although there is some uncertainty regarding its metabolic control benefits. There have been very few randomized studies on the effects of individual education on normal care in DM2 patients with a control group, and none of these have assessed the long-term results. Therefore, this study aims to use this design to assess the effectiveness of the PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, Enabling, Causes in Educational Diagnosis, and Evaluation) education model in the metabolic control and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, in patients with type 2 diabetes.

[Evaluation of hand hygiene compliance in a Primary Health Care area of Madrid].

Introduction: Hand hygiene is the most effective measure for preventing infections related to healthcare. This study aims to evaluate the Hand hygiene compliance in Primary Health Care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, collecting socio-demographic data and the hand hygiene compliance from 198 Primary Health Care workers.

[Baseline risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Health Care Services by FINDRISC test, associated factors and clinical outcome after 18 months of follow-up].

Objective: To estimate the risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Health Care Services and diabetes incidence after 18 months of follow-up.

Material And Methods: A multicenter study, with a first cross-sectional phase, to estimate the risk of Diabetes using the FINRISC test in 261 patients without Diabetes Mellitus treated in Primary Health Care Services. A second phase was carried out to assess Diabetes incidence after 18 months of follow-up.

Prevalence of adherence to treatment in homebound elderly people in primary health care: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study.

Background: Adherence to the therapeutic plan is one of the most important health issues in terms of treatment efficacy, healthcare costs and patient safety. Unfortunately, homebound elderly patients are especially vulnerable to nonadherence because they have higher morbidity rates combined with cognitive and social problems that hinder their correct use of drugs. The level of therapeutic adherence in homebound elderly people has not been adequately studied.

Effectiveness of a training programme to improve hand hygiene compliance in primary healthcare.

Background: Hand hygiene is the most effective measure for preventing infections related to healthcare, and its impact on the reduction of these infections is estimated at 50%. Non-compliance has been highlighted in several studies in hospitals, although none have been carried out in primary healthcare.

Main Objective: To evaluated the effect of a "Hand Hygiene for the reduction of healthcare-associated infections" training program for primary healthcare workers, measured by variation from correct hand hygiene compliance, according to regulatory and specific criteria, 6 months after the baseline, in the intervention group (group receiving a training program) and in the control group (a usual clinical practice).

[Effectiveness of PRECEDE model for health education in metabolic control and reduction of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes type 2].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of PRECEDE model for health education, in the metabolic control and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, in type 2 diabetic patients followed for over two years in primary health care services.

Materials And Methods: PRECEDE model for health education was used in 318 patients with type 2 diabetes, from five primary health care centres. The study was conducted during two years of monitoring.

[Factors associated to influenza vaccination in people over 60 years seen in primary care].

Introduction: The improvement in the vaccination levels against influenza depend on the knowledge had on why the target population rejects vaccination.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study on influenza vaccination prevalence in people over 59 years, in the assigned quota of a Primary Health Center during the year 2005 campaign.

Results: A total of 557 individuals were analyzed of these, 57.

[Quality of life in noninstitutionalized persons older than 65 years in two health care districts in Madrid].

Aim: To describe self-perceived health status and quality of life in noninstitutionalized persons older than 65 years in two health care districts in Madrid (central Spain).

Design: Descriptive study based on home interviews by investigators trained in the administration of the questionnaires.

Setting: Health care districts 2 and 4 in Madrid; community level.